Textured insoles reduce vertical loading rate and increase subjective plantar sensation in overground running     

Michael Wilkinson  Alistair Ewen  Nicholas Caplan  David O’leary  Neil Smith  Richard Stoneham 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(4):497-503

The effect of textured insoles on kinetics and kinematics of overground running was assessed. 16 male injury-free-recreational runners attended a single visit (age 23?±?5 yrs; stature 1.78?±?0.06 m; mass 72.6?±?9.2?kg). Overground 15-m runs were completed in flat, canvas plimsolls both with and without textured insoles at self-selected velocity on an indoor track in an order that was balanced among participants. Average vertical loading rate and peak vertical force (F_peak) were captured by force platforms. Video footage was digitised for sagittal plane hip, knee and ankle angles at foot strike and mid stance. Velocity, stride rate and length and contact and flight time were determined. Subjectively rated plantar sensation was recorded by visual scale. 95% confidence intervals estimated mean differences. Smallest worthwhile change in loading rate was defined as standardised reduction of 0.54 from a previous comparison of injured versus non-injured runners. Loading rate decreased (?25 to ?9.3?BW?s^?1; 60% likely beneficial reduction) and plantar sensation was increased (46–58?mm) with the insole. F_peak (?0.1 to 0.14?BW) and velocity (?0.02 to 0.06?m?s^?1) were similar. Stride length, flight and contact time were lower (?0.13 to ?0.01 m; ?0.02 to?0.01?s; ?0.016 to ?0.006?s) and stride rate was higher (0.01–0.07 steps?s^?1) with insoles. Textured insoles elicited an acute, meaningful decrease in vertical loading rate in short distance, overground running and were associated with subjectively increased plantar sensation. Reduced vertical loading rate could be explained by altered stride characteristics.  相似文献   

Interval running with self-selected recovery: Physiology,performance, and perception     

Gary McEwan  Rosemary Arthur  Shaun M Phillips  Neil V Gibson 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(8):1058-1067

This study (1) compared the physiological responses and performance during a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session incorporating externally regulated (ER) and self-selected (SS) recovery periods and (2) examined the psychophysiological cues underpinning SS recovery durations. Following an incremental maximal exercise test to determine maximal aerobic speed (MAS), 14 recreationally active males completed 2 HIIT sessions on a non-motorised treadmill. Participants performed 12?×?30?s running intervals at a target intensity of 105% MAS interspersed with 30?s (ER) or SS recovery periods. During SS, participants were instructed to provide themselves with sufficient recovery to complete all 12 efforts at the required intensity. A semi-structured interview was undertaken following the completion of SS. Mean recovery duration was longer during SS (51?±?15?s) compared to ER (30?±?0?s; p?d?=?1.46?±?0.46). Between-interval heart rate recovery was higher (SS: 19?±?9?b?min^?1; ER: 8?±?5?b?min^?1; p?d?=?1.43?±?0.43) and absolute time ≥90% maximal heart rate (HR_max) was lower (SS: 335?±?193?s; ER: 433?±?147?s; p?=?.075; d?=?0.52?±?0.39) during SS compared to ER. Relative time ≥105% MAS was greater during SS (90?±?6%) compared to ER (74?±?20%; p?d?=?0.87?±?0.40). Different sources of afferent information underpinned decision-making during SS. The extended durations of recovery during SS resulted in a reduced time ≥90% HR_max but enhanced time ≥105% MAS, compared with ER exercise. Differences in the afferent cue utilisation of participants likely explain the large levels of inter-individual variability observed.  相似文献   

An approach to conducting follow up on vocational students: Implications for educational planning     

Neil Hintzen 《Performance Improvement》1990,29(8):33-40

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A perpetual motion machine: The preserved digital scholarly record     

Tom Cramer  Chip German  Neil Jefferies  Alicia Wise 《Learned Publishing》2023,36(2):312-318

• Digital preservation will never be a solved problem: it needs constant reinvention, and is going to become harder over time.
• Scholarship is changing and this is affecting what needs to be preserved and what preservation means to the future of knowledge discovery.
• The diversification of outputs means that knowledge exists in a network of contextual metadata, data, software, standards and publications—requiring multilateral management of this complex knowledge graph.
• Preservation demands new skills, technologies and resources from librarians, publishers, funders and institutions—and more joined-up thinking about archiving.

  相似文献