In Praise of Partisanship     

Nicholas Dixon 《体育哲学杂志》2016,43(2):233-249

J.S. Russell, Stephen Mumford, and Randolph Feezell have criticized my view that zealous partisans of a particular team are superior to purists, who derive an esthetic pleasure from good play by any team. All three philosophers extol the virtues of purism and Russell defends a pluralistic view that rejects the very idea of an ideal type of fan. In response, I renounce the claim that partisans are superior to purists and instead propose a more modest defense of partisanship. Moderate partisan fans, who constrain their support by moral and esthetic criteria, exhibit admirable concern for their team’s wellbeing, have unique opportunities to display moral virtue, and are necessary for the welfare of competitive sport. Partisans’ choice of team is influenced by arbitrary factors but arbitrariness is built into the very nature of sport and applies equally to purists’ admiration of athletic excellence. It diminishes neither the value of athletic excellence nor the value of partisans’ devotion to their team.  相似文献   

Measuring Multidimensional Subjective Well-Being with the I COPPE Scale in a Hispanic Sample     

Nicholas D. Myers  Sung Eun Park  G. Tyler Lefevor  Samantha Dietz  Isaac Prilleltensky  Guillermo J. Prado 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2016,20(4):230-243

The purpose of this study was to provide initial validity evidence for measuring multidimensional subjective well-being in a Hispanic sample with the Interpersonal, Community, Occupational, Physical, Psychological, Economic (I COPPE) Scale. Participants were 641 English-speaking adults who self-identified as Hispanic. Bi-factor analyses were used to evaluate (a) the a priori measurement theory for responses to the I COPPE Scale and (b) convergent relationships of the seven I COPPE subjective well-being factors with scores from established comparison instruments. There was evidence that (a) the a priori hypothesized measurement theory for responses to the I COPPE Scale emerged in an exploratory bi-factor analysis and (b) the I COPPE subjective well-being factors exhibited convergent relationships with scores from comparison instruments. Use of the I COPPE Scale to derive multidimensional measures of subjective well-being may be of potential utility to future research in the interdisciplinary study of human movement and in a diversity of populations in which health disparities may exist.  相似文献   

A Preliminary Study of Racialized Brawn and Brain Framing Effects     

Gregory A. Cranmer  Nicholas D. Bowman  Zachary W. Goldman 《Communication Research Reports》2017,34(1):78-83

Extant research has established that racially based brawn and brain frames are common within sports media. Framing theory suggests that these brawn and brain frames should influence audience members’ behaviors and attitudes, but little empirical evidence to support this notion exists. This study used a quasi-experimental design (Frame x Athlete Race) to understand how exposure to sports news articles that emphasize the physical or mental attributes of White and Black athletes may result in audiences’ subsequent observable behaviors or character judgments toward athletes. Results indicated that frames influenced audiences’ behaviors in a simulated environment and attitudes regarding athletes’ mental abilities, whereas athlete race influenced audiences’ attitudes of athletes’ physical abilities. These findings support sports scholars’ assertions about framing effects and underscore the potential dangers of current sports media trends.  相似文献   

The Quality of Video Games: Subjective Quality Assessments as Predictors of Self-Reported Presence in First-Person Shooter and Role-Playing Games     

Christina Schumann  Nicholas David Bowman  Daniel Schultheiss 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2016,60(4):547-566

Based on the Theory of Subjective Quality Assessments, the present study examined players’ assessments of video game design features (qualities) as related to self-reported feelings of presence in role-playing games (RPG) and first-person shooters (FPS). An initial qualitative study with 8 focus groups (Study 1) was conducted to explore important game quality dimensions. Afterwards an online survey was designed to explore the association of those discrete dimensions with recollections of presence (Study 2). Using a quota sample of RPG and FPS gamers in Germany (N = 5,180), survey results show that recollections of presence were associated with positive quality assessments regarding a game’s environment, the player’s interaction with non-playable characters in that environment, and the environment’s.  相似文献   

ResearchGate: Reputation uncovered          下载免费PDF全文

David Nicholas  David Clark  Eti Herman 《Learned Publishing》2016,29(3):173-182

ResearchGate (RG) is a scholarly social network that possesses an impressive array of reputational metrics and has the potential to supplant publishers as the prime deliverer of scholarly reputation. It possesses 10 reputational mechanisms, and these are the subject of an evaluation employing desk research, expert evaluation, and an analysis of 400 RG members. The main conclusions are: RG (1) provides a rich, albeit confusing, amount of reputational data; (2) struggles with the deployment of alternative, engagement metrics, such as Q&A and follower data, which can lead to reputational anomalies; (3) employs usage data in an especially effective manner; and (4) leads the field in the way it engages with the scholar.  相似文献   

Now you’re playing with audience power: the work of watching games     

Nicholas Thiel Taylor 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2016,33(4):293-307

As electronic sports (e-sports)—the configuration of competitive videogaming as spectator sport—surges in popularity, industry organizations such as Major League Gaming (MLG) continue to experiment with techniques for capturing, and capitalizing on, the work of watching play. This article critically considers these techniques of “audiencing” by comparing observations of two MLG tournaments, in 2008 and 2012, situating them within broader cultural, technological, and economic transformations in the competitive gaming landscape. Even as games continue to be lauded as “participatory” media, this account shows a shift within some e-sports contexts towards rebuilding, rather than blurring, the boundaries between content producers and audiences.  相似文献   

Limits of search filter development     

Nancy L. Wilczynski  Cynthia Lokker  Kathleen Ann McKibbon  Nicholas Hobson  R. Brian Haynes 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2016,104(1):42-46

Objective

The research attempted to develop search filters for biomedical literature databases that improve retrieval of studies of clinical relevance for the nursing and rehabilitation professions.

Methods

Diagnostic testing framework compared machine-culled and practitioner-nominated search terms with a hand-tagged clinical literature database.

Results

We were unable to: (1) develop filters for nursing, likely because of the overlapping and expanding scope of practice for nurses in comparison with medical professionals, or (2) develop filters for rehabilitation, because of its broad scope and the profession''s multifaceted understanding of “health and ability.”

Conclusions

We found limitations on search filter development for these health professions: nursing and rehabilitation.  相似文献   

Postmodernism for Analytic Philosophers of Education     

Nicholas C.  Burbules 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2000,32(3):311-314

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Accreditation in Higher Education in Britain and Austria: Two Cultures,Two Time-Frames     

Pechar  Hans 《Tertiary Education and Management》2002,8(3):231-242

The establishment of the Fachhochschul sector is regarded as the most significant success story of the last decade in Austrian higher education. This new sector was legally established in 1993 (FHStG) and started to enrol students in 1994. For the academicyear 2000/01, there were 55 Fachhochschulcourses offered with a further 15 alreadyplanned. The sector has about 9,000 students,and has already produced 2,600 graduates. Inonly a few years it has built up a highreputation amongst students, employers, and thegeneral public. This paper looks back to theearly 1990s, when the Fachhochschul policywas designed. It reconsiders some of thearguments and conflicts which at that time werestirred by this reform and its focus is on theinfluence which was exercised by the Britishpolytechnics. The paper will argue that theCouncil for National Academic Awards(CNAA) served as a role model for the Fachhochschulrat (FHR), which is a cornerstonefor the Austrian Fachhochschul sector andit will discuss why – against the odds – thispolicy transfer was successful.  相似文献   

Black South African freshmen's experience of first coitus and contraception     

Nicholas L 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1994,17(4):275-282

The purpose of this study was to investigate Black South African freshmen's experience of first intercourse and contraception. The study found that many students do not use contraception during first intercourse and that peers were reported as the primary first source of learning about sexual intercourse as well as the preferred source. Freshmen who are contemplating, anticipating or deferring the transition from virginity to non-virginity are an important target group for campus safer sex programmes because safer sex behaviours could be encouraged before a high risk sexual behavior pattern develops.  相似文献