Book reviews     

Oscar Handlin  Thomas Short 《Academic Questions》1988,1(4):91-95

  相似文献   

Activity-related typologies and longitudinal change in physical activity and sedentary time in children and adolescents: The UP&DOWN Study     

Kate Parker  Anna Timperio  Jo Salmon  Karen Villanueva  Helen Brown  Irene Esteban-Cornejo  Veronica Cabanas-Snchez  Jos Castro-Piero  David Snchez-Oliva  Oscar L. Veiga 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(4):447

BackgroundChildren and adolescents can be distinguished by different typologies (clusters) of physical activity and sedentary behavior. How physical activity and sedentary behaviors change over time within different typologies is not known. This study examined longitudinal changes in physical activity and sedentary time among children and adolescents with different baseline typologies of activity-related behavior.MethodsIn this longitudinal study (3 annual time points) of children (n = 600, age = 9.2 ± 0.4 years (mean ± SD), 50.3% girls) and adolescents (n = 1037, age = 13.6 ± 1.7 years, 48.4% girls), participants were recruited in Spain in 2011–2012. Latent class analyses identified typologies based on self-reported screen, educational, social and relaxing sedentary behaviors, active travel, muscle strengthening activity, and sport at baseline. Within each typology, linear mixed growth models explored longitudinal changes in accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time, as well as time by class interactions.ResultsThree typologies were identified among children (“social screenies”, 12.8%; “exercisers”, 61.5%; and “non-sporty active commuters”, 25.7%) and among adolescents (“active screenies”, 43.5%; “active academics”, 35.0%; and “non-sporty active commuters”, 21.5%) at baseline. Sedentary time increased within each typology among children and adolescents, with no significant differences between typologies. No changes in physical activity were found in any typology among children. In adolescents, physical activity declined within all typologies, with “non-sporty active commuters” declining significantly more than “active screenies” over 3 years.ConclusionThese results support the need for intervention to promote physical activity and prevent increases in sedentary time during childhood and adolescence. Adolescents characterized as “non-sporty active commuters” may require specific interventions to maintain their physical activity over time.  相似文献   

Relationship Between Educational Resources and School Achievement: A Mixed Method Intra-District Analysis     

Oscar Jimenez-Castellanos 《The Urban Review》2010,42(4):351-371

This study examines the relationship between educational resources (fiscal, personnel and facilities) and school achievement within a large urban/suburban elementary school district. A sequential mixed methods approach reveals inequitable resource allocation trends and patterns between schools within a school district by producing different student outcomes. The educational resources positively correlated to higher school achievement are: higher teacher salaries, newer schools, more multi-purpose space per pupil and less portable classrooms. Without question, White students receive more of these resources than Latino students, low-income students and English Language learners. This study also conducts a multiple comparative case study analysis comparing between Title I and non-Title I schools, within Title I schools and within non-Title I schools. The study contains policy and practice implications to improve opportunity and school achievement in urban/suburban school districts.  相似文献   

The government irrigation project at roosevelt dam,salt river,Arizona     

Oscar C.S. Carter 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1907,163(4):277-301

  相似文献   

Emigration and the supply and demand for medical manpower: The Irish case     

Oscar Gish 《Minerva》1969,7(4):668-679

  相似文献   

Connecting others: Does a tertius iungens orientation shape the relationship between research networks and innovation?     

Oscar Llopis  Pablo D'Este  Adrián A. Díaz-Faes 《Research Policy》2021,50(4):104175

Research on social networks and innovation emphasizes that individuals spanning structural holes and crossing institutional boundaries have more opportunities for knowledge recombination and innovation involvement. However, transforming the potential knowledge and resources available through personal networks to attain innovation can be difficult for the focal individual. Using an ego-network approach, this study examines whether and to what extent an individual strategic orientation to cooperation (i.e. tertius iungens) contributes to strengthening the relation between two personal network properties (structural and institutional separation) and involvement in innovation. Our analysis is conducted in the context of biomedicine, where research networks are particularly relevant for science and innovation achievements. Our findings advance social network theory by decoupling social network mechanisms from individual strategic networking behavior as factors influencing knowledge generation processes. Results also provide original evidence on an overlooked phenomenon: the moderating role of a tertius iungens orientation in the relationship between multiple social network properties and innovation. Finally, our research sheds new light on the distinct sources of knowledge recombination in networks and the role of individual networking strategies to facilitate mobilization of resources for innovation.  相似文献   

Reacting to poverty: A comparative analysis of schools in Brazilian deprived areas     

Aina Tarabini  Xavier Bonal  Oscar Valiente 《Prospects》2014,44(3):335-349

Schools in the most deprived areas in Brazil are marked by extreme poverty, a situation that has obvious consequences for the everyday life in schools and for efforts to develop a supportive culture of schooling. Nevertheless, schools’ responses to poverty are far from uniform. Although the context of poverty generally determines what is possible for schools to achieve, this context is by no means consistent. Not all schools located in poor areas offer poor education. And, in themselves, unfavourable contexts do not necessarily generate educational failure. This article captures the diversity of effects generated by poverty at the school level, and the variety of responses by schools situated in very similar socioeconomic and cultural contexts. It draws on a study conducted in the state of Minas Gerais, which explored five schools and their corresponding cultures to reveal the diverse effects of poverty at the school level.  相似文献   

Journalism     

Howard Simons  Joseph A. Califano Jr.  Oscar H. Gandy  George S. Rage  William A. Lucas  Karen B. Possner 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(7):86-87

Howard Simons and Joseph A. Califano, Jr. (eds.) The Media and the Law (New York: Praeger Special Studies, 1976---$4.95, paper with hardbound edition available)

Oscar H. Gandy, et al. Media and Government: An Annotated Bibliography (Institute for Communisation Research, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. 94305--- apparently free on request, paper)

George S. Rage, et al. New Strategies for Public Affairs Reporting: Investigation, Interpretation, and Research (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1976---price not given)

William A. Lucas and Karen B. Possner's Television News and Local Awareness: A Retrospective Look (Santa Monica, Calif.: Rand Corp. R-1858-MF, 1975---$5.00, paper)

Judith S. Gelfman's Women in Television News (New York: Columbia University Press, 1976---$7.95)  相似文献   

Discussion on “Adaptive sliding-mode-observer for sensorless induction motor drive using two-time-scale approach”     

Oscar Barambones 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2013,350(10):3441-3447

This short communication is a discussion of the paper entitled “Adaptive sliding-mode-observer for sensorless induction motor drive using two-time-scale approach” by A. Mezouar, M.K. Fellah and S. Hadjeri published in the Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 16 (2008) 1323–1336. In the discussed paper the authors present a current and flux sliding mode observer for the induction motor that also incorporates an adaptive laws in order to estimate the rotor speed and the inverse of the rotor time constant. However the proposed design for the observer and for the adaptive laws, employs the real value of the rotor time constant and the real value of the rotor speed, which are unknown, and therefore cannot be used in the observer design nor in the adaptive laws design.  相似文献   

Characteristics and publication patterns of theses from a Peruvian medical school     

Isaias Arriola‐Quiroz  Walter H. Curioso MD  MPH  Maria Cruz‐Encarnacion  Oscar Gayoso MD 《Health information and libraries journal》2010,27(2):148-154

Background: Many medical schools require a student thesis before graduation. Publishing results in a peer‐reviewed journal could be an indicator of scientific value and acceptability by the scientific community. The publication pattern of theses published by medical students in Peru is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics and publication pattern of theses in biomedical‐indexed journals conducted by medical students in a university with the highest research output in Peru. Methods: Data from registered theses between 2000 and 2003 were obtained from the university library. Publication of theses in biomedical journals was assessed in 2008 by a search strategy using PubMed, Google Scholar, LILACS, LIPECS and SciELO. Results: Four hundred and eighty‐two medical theses were registered between 2000 and 2003; 85 (17.6%) were published in biomedical‐indexed journals. Of the published theses, 28 (5.8%) were published in MEDLINE‐indexed journals, 55 (11.4%) in SciELO‐indexed journals, 61 (12.6%) in LILACS‐indexed journals and 68 (14.1%) in LIPECS‐indexed journals. Most of the published theses (80%) were in Spanish and published in Peruvian journals; and 17 theses (20%) were published in foreign journals (all of them indexed in MEDLINE). In addition, 37 (43.5%) belong primarily to internal medicine, and 24 (28.2%) belong primarily to infectious diseases. Medical students were first authors in 71 (83.5%) of the articles. Conclusion: In this study, most of the published theses were in Spanish, published in local journals and indexed in LIPECS. The percentage of published theses in biomedical journals at this university is comparable with others coming from developed countries.  相似文献