Organizational Citizenship Behavior,Organizational Communication,and Burnout: The Buffering Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Psychological Contracts     

Lori A. Brown  Michael E. Roloff 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(4):384-404

This study investigated the communicative role of perceived organizational support and psychological contracts in fulfilling exchange relationships and buffering burnout in employees contributing extra role time organizational citizenship behaviors (ERT-OCB). The lens of social information processing positioned burnout as a job attitude subject to the influence of the organization’s communication environment that informs employees as to the value they and their extra role time contributions hold with the organization. Participants (N = d461), high school teachers coaching debate teams from 46 states, completed questionnaires. Findings showed that both organizational support and psychological contract fulfillment buffered the positive relationship between ERT-OCB and burnout.  相似文献   

Why Teleworkers are More Satisfied with Their Jobs than are Office-Based Workers: When Less Contact is Beneficial     

Kathryn L. Fonner  Michael E. Roloff 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(4):336-361

This study challenges assumptions regarding the value and necessity of frequent face-to-face workplace interaction by building upon a theoretical framework for the consequences of telecommuting. Using a multiple mediation approach and path analysis, the study examines the extent to which telework affects job satisfaction through the experiences of work–life conflict, stress due to meetings and interruptions, perceived organizational politics, and information exchange. Results reveal that high-intensity teleworkers (n=89) are more satisfied than office-based employees (n=103) and achieve significant benefits from their work arrangement, with work–life conflict most influential toward job satisfaction. The path model reveals more complex indirect paths linking telework and job satisfaction.  相似文献   

Promotion of self-regulated learning in classrooms: investigating frequency, quality, and consequences for student performance     

Saskia Kistner  Katrin Rakoczy  Barbara Otto  Charlotte Dignath-van Ewijk  Gerhard Büttner  Eckhard Klieme 《Metacognition and Learning》2010,5(2):157-171

An implication of the current research on self-regulation is to implement the promotion of self-regulated learning in schools. Teachers can promote self-regulated learning either directly by teaching learning strategies or indirectly by arranging a learning environment that enables students to practise self-regulation. This study investigates teachers’ direct and indirect promotion of self-regulated learning and its relation to the development of students’ performance. Twenty German mathematics teachers with their overall 538 students (grade 9) were videotaped for a three-lesson unit on the Pythagorean Theorem. Students’ mathematics performance was tested several times before and after the observed lessons. A low-inferent coding system was applied to assess the teachers’ implicit or explicit instruction of cognitive strategies (e.g., organisation), metacognitive strategies (e.g., planning), and motivational strategies (e.g., resource management). High-inferent ratings were used to assess features of the learning environment that foster self-regulation. Results reveal that a great amount of strategy teaching takes place in an implicit way, whereas explicit strategy teaching and supportive learning environment are rare. The instruction of organisation strategies and some features of the learning environment (constructivism, transfer) relate positively to students’ performance development. In contrast to implicit strategy instruction, explicit strategy instruction was associated with a gain in performance. These results reveal a discrepancy between the usefulness of explicit strategy instruction and its rare occurrence in classrooms.  相似文献   

Piston packing rings of modern steam engines     

Otto C. Reymann 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1897,144(2):113-126

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Counselling in international perspective     

Otto Klineberg 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1978,1(1):31-44

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Development of a measurement and feedback training tool for the arm strokes of high-performance luge athletes     

Lembert S  Schachner O  Raschner C 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(15):1593-1601

Previous studies have shown that the start plays a critical role in sliding events and explains more than 55% of the variance of the final time in luge. Experts evaluate the contribution of the arm strokes to be 23% of the total starting performance. The aim of the present study was to develop a measurement and feedback training tool (Speedpaddler) for the arm strokes of high-performance luge athletes. The construction is an aluminium alloy framework with a customary belt conveyor system, which is driven by two synchronized servo motors. Training is possible with constant speeds up to 12 m · s(-1) or several speed curves, which simulate the acceleration of different luge tracks. The construction facilitates variations in the inclination and speed of the conveyor belts and thereby the resistance and movement speed. If the athlete accelerates the conveyor belts during arm-paddling, the torque of the motors decreases. Torque measurements and high-speed video offer valuable insights into the several technique criteria. Comparisons of arm-paddle cycle durations on ice and on the Speedpaddler with 18 luge athletes (national team and juniors) showed no statistical differences. The Speedpaddler might be a useful tool to improve starting performance all year round.  相似文献   

The validity of estimating triceps brachii volume from single MRI cross-sectional area before and after resistance training     

Popadic Gacesa J  Dragnic NR  Prvulovic NM  Barak OF  Grujic N 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(6):635-641

The aim of this study was to determine whether triceps brachii muscle volume can be adequately estimated from a single anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA) and can the same model be used for prediction after training. Thirty-five healthy male non-athletes (age 21.6 ± 2.5 years, body mass index 24.8 ± 3.5 kg · m(-2)) volunteered for this study. The volumes of the upper arm extensors were calculated from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence scans and regression models were developed, which were used to predict muscle volumes from single MRI cross-sectional scans taken at different points along the humerus length. The same procedure was repeated after 12 weeks of maximal resistance training of the elbow extensors. Correlation coefficients were calculated for Model A with CSA(max), humerus length (HL), and body mass index (r = 0.919), a model with CSA(50%) and HL (r = 0.922), and a model with CSA(60%) and HL (r = 0.920) (P < 0.001). The standard error of estimate for Model A, Model CSA(50%), and Model CSA(60%) was 8.0%, 7.7%, and 7.8% respectively. Thesame prediction formula can be used for the left arm (r = 0.904). If a single ACSA is used for triceps brachii volume prediction, the best fit is with Model CSA(60%) and HL, both before and after training (r = 0.941). By introducing humerus length into the calculation, we simplify the procedure for volume measurement, since it can be obtained during MRI scanning.  相似文献   

Auf der Suche nach Verkettungen in Entity-Relationship-Schemata     

Otto Rauh 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》1997,12(3):117-127

Zusammenfassung. Redundante Komponenten in Entity-Relationship-Schemata führen zu Speicherverschwendung und Fehlern bei der Nutzung der aus dem Schema gewonnenen Datenbanken. Zwischen Schemaredundanz und dem Konzept der ableitbaren Komponenten besteht eine enge Verbindung, denn redundante Schemakomponenten sind stets ableitbar. Andererseits ist nicht jede ableitbare Komponente auch redundant. Es wird deshalb zun?chst das Verh?ltnis zwischen redundanten und ableitbaren Komponenten diskutiert und eine Klassifizierung eingeführt, welche die Modellierer bef?higt, entbehrliche von nicht entbehrlichen Komponenten zu unterscheiden. Eine spezielle Art ableitbarer Komponenten, die Verkettung von Beziehungsarten, wird anschlie?end mit allen ihren Erscheinungsformen vorgestellt. Au?erdem werden Methoden diskutiert, die helfen k?nnen, Verkettungen aufzudecken. Eingegangen am 30. Mai 1996 / Angenommen am 8. April 1997  相似文献   

The metabolic cost of two ranges of arm position height with and without hand weights during low impact aerobic dance.     

M W Carroll  R M Otto  J Wygand 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1991,62(4):420-423

To determine the energy cost of low impact aerobic dance while varying arm movement height and the use of hand weights, 10 adults volunteered to participate in four choreographed trials. All trials consisted of identical leg movements. Arm movements, however, were performed above shoulder level both with and without 0.9-kg hand weights and below shoulder level both with and without 0.9-kg hand weights. Open circuit spirometry was employed throughout the 10-min videotape guided trials, and heart rate was measured by telemetry. Neither the use of hand weights nor the change in arm position height significantly altered the energy cost of low impact aerobic dance. However, heart rate responses were significantly different. Caution should be observed by aerobics instructors and participants as to the use of heart rate as an indicator of intensity for low impact aerobic dance.  相似文献   

Reference and Research     

George Gitter  Robert Grunin  Stuart S. Nagel  Marian Neef  Michael E. Roloff  Gerland R. Miller 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(8):165-168

A. George Gitter and Robert Grunin's Communication: A Guide to Information Sources (Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1980—$26.00)

Publishers and Distributors of the United States (New York: R.R. Bowker, 1979—$7.50, paper)

Stuart S. Nagel and Marian Neef's Policy Analysis in Social Science Research (Beverly Hills, Ca.: Sage Publications, 1979-L-$18.00/8.95)

Michael E. Roloff and Gerland R. Miller, eds. Persuasion: New Directions in Theory and Research (Beverly Hills, Ca.: Sage Publications, 1980—$20.00/9.95)

Ronny Adhikarya and John Middleton, et al's Communication Planning at the Institutional Level: A Selected Annotated Bibliography (East-West Center, 1777 East-West Rd., Honolulu, Hawaii 96848—price not given, paper)

Frederic J. O'Hara's A Guide to Publications of the Executive Branch (Pierian Press, 5000 Washtenaw Ave., Ann Arbor, Mich. 48104. 1979—$29.50/15.00)

MIMP 1980: Magazine Industry Market Place, The Directory of American Periodical Publishing (New York: R.R. Bowker, 1979—$24.50, paper)

Mark Beach and Bill Gilchrist's Words for the Wise: A Field Guide to Academic Terms (Coast to Coast Books, 2934 N.E. 16th Ave., Portland, Ore. 97212—$4.95, paper)  相似文献