Great expectations: a critical perspective on Open Educational Resources in Brazil     

Giselle Martins dos Santos Ferreira  Márcio Silveira Lemgruber 《Learning, Media and Technology》2019,44(3):315-326

ABSTRACT

Nearly two decades have passed since the Open Educational Resources (OER) movement was launched. Its success in Brazil can be illustrated with the establishment of a UNESCO Chair in Open Education in 2014, in one of the country’s most prestigious universities. Crucially, OER were included in the 2014–2024 National Education Plan, a key piece of national educational legislation, as a category of educational technologies framed as tools. Assuming metaphors such as this play a key role in the ways we think, speak and act, this article presents a critical perspective on OER in Brazil. Examining the implications of the main metaphors used to construe OER in local media and academic sources, the text argues that these metaphors reflect hegemonic discourses on educational technology, concealing the non-neutrality of technological artefacts, obscuring issues concerning curriculum and pedagogy, and overlooking actual local needs. The article discusses issues concerning local OER advocacy, positioned in respect to specificities of a context where education, albeit a constitutionally established right, may be poised to undergo radical changes in the near future.  相似文献   

Voices of children and parents from elsewhere: a glance at integration in Italian primary schools     

Paola Dusi  Marilyn Steinbach 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2016,20(8):816-827

This study involves 35 research participants: 20 immigrant parents (primarily mothers from South America, North Africa, Eastern Europe and the Middle East) and 15 primary school children, aged 10–11. These children were born outside Italy and primary school was their first encounter with the Italian educational system. We observed their processes of integration through their stories and those of their parents. Our investigation aims to identify factors that support or inhibit their school integration. We adopt an ecological research paradigm, proposing a vision of knowledge as rooted in natural life contexts, focusing on subjectivity. Analysis of the data led to identification of core categories concerning these families’ experiences and their children's encounters with Italian schools. This paper focuses on the children's perspectives of their experiences with school.  相似文献   

Effects of simultaneous auditory feedback on reading accuracy during reading development     

Patrizio E. Tressoldi  Claudio Vio  Paola Scotti 《Reading and writing》1991,3(2):151-158

Five groups of twelve right-handed male children from the second to the sixth grade with normal reading efficiency were tested under three conditions of simultaneous amplified auditory feedback, binaurally, to the left and to the right ear, on reading aboud two separate classes of words, nouns and nonwords. Lateralized feedback was supposed to shift auditory attention towards the source of input and modify as a consequence, the functionality of the contralateral hemisphere. Right ear feedback improved reading accuracy with respect to the control (binaural) or left ear condition in the first three grades. No effect was observed in the fifth grade whereas in the sixth grade, the condition of left ear feedback improved only the reading of nouns. Changes in reading accuracy are interpreted according to an hypothesis of a decrement of the left hemisphere involvement during the course of reading development. These changes are discussed in relation to Frith's (1985) psycholinguistic model of reading acquisition.  相似文献   

The Italian adaptation of courage measure     

Ginevra  Maria Cristina  Santilli  Sara  Camussi  Elisabetta  Magnano  Paola  Capozza  Dora  Nota  Laura 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2020,20(3):457-475

International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance - This project developed and examined the psychometric properties of an Italian version of the Courage Measure, the reduced version...  相似文献   

Children in residential care: How to evaluate behavioural change     

Paola Bastianoni  Ettore Scappini  Francesca Emiliani 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1996,11(4):459-471

This article reports the results of an observational longitudinal study carried out on four children who lived in a residential community because of their multiproblem families. The aim of this study was to apply the evaluative methodology proposed by Le Poultier (1990) in order to assess I) the processes of change in the children over time and II) the relations between educational practices and observed changes. The findings confirm I) the existence of processes of change in the children; II) the presence of correlations between the displayed behaviour of the children and adult practices. In addition, what emerges is the existence of a dimension (transgression versus co-operation and autonomy) underlying the educational project designed by the adults. The data refer to observations of the behaviour of each staff member on a weekly basis for a six-month period and, at the same time, to the self-observations of each adult regarding the behaviour adopted towards each child. The data were analysed using: I) correlational coefficients to check the relation between the children's behaviour and the social work; II) Correspondence Analysis to permit a simultaneous representation of the developmental changes observed in the four children with respect to social work.  相似文献   

Peer Review in Education: Promoting Collaboration, Written Expression, Critical Thinking, and Professional Responsibility     

Vinícius Medina Kern  Luciana Martins Saraiva  Roberto Carlos dos Santos Pacheco 《Education and Information Technologies》2003,8(1):37-46

This article discusses the application of the peer review process as a pedagogical instrument for the promotion of written expression, collaborative work, critical thinking, and professional responsibility among Informatics and Engineering majors. The approach is introduced with a motivation, followed by a discussion about common principles of current learning paradigms and the peer review process. This work is being conducted in Brazil, where we intend to promote a learning paradigm shift through the application of peer review in education. A framework for this application is outlined, together with an account of results from experiences and a discussion about the skills that this approach exercises, especially with regard to widely accepted curricula and codes of ethics and professional conduct. Further research and development efforts are conjectured.  相似文献   

Activity theory: A framework for design and reporting on research projects based on ICT     

Rosa-Maria Bottino  Giancarlo Chiappini  Paola Forcheri  Enrica Lemut  Maria-Teresa Molfino 《Education and Information Technologies》1999,4(3):279-293

We propose using activity theory as a basis for designing and reporting on research projects that focus on information and communication technology (ICT) as a means to support educational processes. Adopting the theory, we describe teaching/learning activities mediated by ICT using a three level analysis: epistemological, methodological, social assistance. The analysis has been applied to the design and reporting of projects in both mathematics education at primary school level and training in technical innovation in commercial enterprises.  相似文献   

Effects of an unsupervised pedometer-based physical activity program on daily steps of adults with moderate to severe asthma: a randomized controlled trial     

Cristina Martins Coelho  Maycon Moura Reboredo  Felipe Martins Valle  Carla Malaguti  Larissa Almeida Campos  Lucas Mendes Nascimento 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(10):1186-1193

Supervised exercise has shown benefits for subjects with asthma, but little is known about the effectiveness of unsupervised physical activity on this population. We investigated the effects of a 12-week unsupervised pedometer-based physical activity program on daily steps and on clinical and psychological parameters of adults with asthma. Clinically stable adults with moderate to severe asthma were encouraged to take daily 30-minute walks and were randomized to pedometer and control groups. The pedometer group received pedometers and individualized daily step targets. Changes in daily steps (average of steps taken during six consecutive days), six-minute walk test (6MWT), health-related quality of life, asthma control and anxiety and depression levels were assessed 12 weeks after intervention and 24–28 weeks after randomization. Thirty-seven participants were recruited and 30 completed the intervention. At 12 weeks, the groups differed significantly in daily steps (adjusted average difference, 2488 steps; 95% confidence interval [CI], 803 to 4172; p = 0.005) and in the 6MWT (adjusted average difference, 21.9 m; 95% CI, 6.6 to 37.3; p = 0.006). These differences were not significant 24–28 weeks after randomization. The program was effective in increasing daily steps of adults with moderate to severe asthma 12 weeks after intervention.  相似文献   

Influence of hydrodynamics on the growth kinetics of glass-adhering Pseudomonas putida cells through a parallel plate flow chamber     

S. Mbaye  P. Séchet  F. Pignon  J. M. F. Martins 《Biomicrofluidics》2013,7(5)

The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of hydrodynamics on the growth kinetics of surface-adhering Pseudomonas putida cells. The results showed in particular that under non substrate-limiting conditions, the early step of bacterial apparent growth rate is lower than those measured with suspended cells. Contrary to previously cited authors which explain this behavior to the different adhesive properties of the “daughter”-cells (which makes more probable the detachment of these daughter-cells), in our experimental conditions, that explanation does not hold and we show a clear dependence of growth kinetics with flow conditions, due to the formation of boundary layer concentration at low Reynolds number. These results revealed that using Monod law in the modeling of biofilm growth in fixed-biomass processes should be performed with care.  相似文献   

The effect of the surface functionalization and the electrolyte concentration on the electrical conductance of silica nanochannels     

D. C. Martins  V. Chu  J. P. Conde 《Biomicrofluidics》2013,7(3)

It is known that the conductance of nanochannels as a function of electrolyte concentration deviates from a linearly proportional relationship and approaches a value independent of the concentration as the electrolyte concentration is lowered. Most of the proposed models account for this behavior by considering a constant surface charge density and an ideal electrolyte solution. However, at low electrolyte concentrations, the ideal electrolyte approximation is no longer valid because the ions that result from the atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolution in water dominate the ionic concentration. In this paper, arrays of silica nanochannels were electrically characterized via conductance measurements. The conductance at low salt concentrations is modeled by a variable surface charge model that accounts for all ionic species in solution. This model was used to determine the variable surface charge of the bare silica nanochannels as well as of chemically modified nanochannels. The model correctly predicted the variation of the nanochannel conductance observed after silane (aminopropyldimethylethoxysilane) functionalization and single-strand DNA immobilization. Finally, pH modification of bulk KCl solutions was employed as an alternative method of changing the surface charge of silica nanochannels. Surface charge calculated from conductance measurements performed at different bulk pH values confirmed that the surface charge of the silica nanochannel walls is sensitive to the H⁺ concentration.  相似文献