The PhD – is it out of alignment?     

Sharon Sharmini  Rachel Spronken-Smith 《高等教育研究与发展》2020,39(4):821-833

ABSTRACT

Globally there is recognition that doctoral programmes need to offer the opportunity for career pathways beyond academia, as PhD graduates are entering a range of careers. Consequently, some doctoral programmes now provide opportunities to develop a broader skill set. However, most PhD programmes in the United Kingdom and Australasia still concentrate on disciplinary knowledge and developing research skills. Moreover, the assessment has remained narrowly focused on a written thesis and an oral examination. Here we apply the notion of ‘constructive alignment’ to doctoral education and find that, even in terms of preparing PhD graduates for academic and research careers, the curriculum lacks opportunities to develop and assess relevant skills. The situation is even more extreme for wider careers beyond academia. To achieve alignment, we suggest providing more structured learning opportunities and personalised professional development plans with formative portfolios. If wanting true alignment in the PhD, a portfolio would be the summative assessment, but this is likely a step too far for a conservative academy.  相似文献   

Training in phonological strategies improves Chinese dyslexic children’s character reading skills     

Connie Suk-Han Ho  Rachel Nga-Lun Ma 《Journal of Research in Reading》1999,22(2):131-142

This study investigated Chinese dyslexic children’s efficiency in employing phonological strategies (i.e. the use of orthography-phonology correspondence rules) in reading and the effectiveness of training phonological strategies in improving Chinese dyslexic children’s reading performance. An Experimental Group of 15 Chinese dyslexic children received a five-day intensive training in phonological strategies while a comparable Control Group did not. The results showed that Chinese dyslexic children did not use the phonological strategies as efficiently as Chinese average readers, and the training programme was effective in significantly improving the Experimental Group’s reading performance. This suggests that Chinese dyslexic children can benefit from training in phonological strategies.  相似文献   

The Long and Winding Road from Promise to Fulfilment in Science Among Gifted Females in Israel     

Rachel Zorman 《High Ability Studies》1996,7(1):39-50

A long and winding road awaits gifted females in Israel in their quest to actualize their potential in the sciences. The present state of affairs can be pieced together from a series of studies on various aspects related to the development in the sciences of females in general and gifted females in particular. Gender differences observed in the participation of students in challenging science programs and in their consequent achievement can be attributed to cognitive differences, to environmental and cultural emphasis, or to an interaction between cognitive and environmental factors, reflected in different preferences for methods of inquiry and differences in styles of problem solving. Examples of recent efforts in Israel that attempt to deal with observed gender differences and encourage females to fulfil their talents include group counseling programs, such as “Trapped in Blue and Pink” and instructional programs integrating counseling, such as “Na'aleh — Girls toward degrees in engineering” and a crosscultural intervention program for enhancing gifted females' achevement in the sciences via reattribution training.  相似文献   

The role of feedback in implicit and explicit artificial grammar learning: a comparison between dyslexic and non-dyslexic adults     

Rachel Schiff  Ayelet Sasson  Galit Star  Shani Kahta 《Annals of dyslexia》2017,67(3):333-355

The importance of feedback for learning has been firmly established over the past few decades. The question of whether feedback plays a significant role in the statistical learning abilities of adults with dyslexia, however, is currently unresolved. Here, we examined the role of feedback in grammaticality judgment, type of structural knowledge, and confidence rating in both typically developed and dyslexic adults. We implemented two artificial grammar learning experiments: implicit and explicit. The second experiment was directly analogous to the first experiment in all respects except training format: the standard memorization instruction was replaced with an explicit rule-search instruction. Each experiment was conducted with and without performance feedback. While both groups showed significantly improved learning in the feedback-based explicit artificial grammar learning task, only the typically developed adults demonstrated higher levels of conscious structural knowledge. The present study demonstrates that the basis for the grammaticality judgment of adults with dyslexia differs from that of typically developed adults, regardless of increase in the level of explicitness.  相似文献   

Universal Interventions: Fully Exploring Their Impacts and Potential to Produce Population-Level Impacts     

Mark T. Greenberg  Rachel Abenavoli 《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2017,10(1):40-67

In this article we seek to promote a deeper understanding of the value of universal intervention research in education as well as other fields and to call for greater interdisciplinary learning and discourse. Our goal is to deepen the conversation regarding how to build a stronger research orientation toward longitudinal, population-level outcomes in education and mental health. After highlighting the value of universal approaches targeting entire populations and their relevance to education, we raise issues regarding the traditional benchmarks of efficacy when applied to universal intervention trials and suggest alternative metrics for judging the impact of universal approaches. We conclude with lessons based on exemplar studies to help shape future research and policy regarding universal interventions.  相似文献   

Obituary Professor Brian Allison     

Rachel Mason 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2001,20(1):8-10

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U.S. and Israeli young women’s future perceptions     

Rinat Michael  TaeSun Kim  Ashley Hutchison  Rachel Gali Cinamon  Lawrence H. Gerstein  Juno Park  Yuri Choi  Yamini Bellare  Rachael Collins 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2017,17(2):121-141

The current study investigated the content of future perceptions among 47 U.S. women and 48 Israeli women. Thematic analysis was used to explore participants’ qualitative responses. Women’s responses covered a wide range of topics, and were categorized into ten key themes: (a) work, (b) family/relationships, (c) property, (d) residence, (e) education, (f) general quality of life, (g) leisure, (h) pro-social activities, (i) multiple role management, and (j) religion. Results demonstrated the role of nationality in the process of exploration and future perceptions. Implications for research and practice are discussed.  相似文献   

Australia agonises over stem cells     

Nowak R 《New scientist (1971)》2002,175(2361):9

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Seeing Teacher Education Differently through Self-Study of Professional Practice     

Rachel Forgasz 《Studying Teacher Education》2017,13(2):216-224

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Learning To Read Each Other: Black Female Graduate Students Share Their Experiences at a White Research I Institution     

Meca?R.?WilliamsEmail author  Denise?N.?Brewley  R.?Judith?Reed  Dorothy?Y.?White  Rachel?T.?Davis-Haley 《The Urban Review》2005,37(3):181-199

This paper uses Black Feminist Thought to explain the lived experiences of three Black female graduate students at a White Research I institution. Through mentoring from Black female professors, the students received instrumental and psychosocial support that helped them to navigate through their graduate level work. Common themes of identity, community service missions, and empowerment provides a thread that ties the student’s narratives together. We close by offering some suggestions for further research on the Black graduate experience and mentoring Black graduate students. Meca R. Williams, Denise N. Brewley, R. Judith Reed and Dorothy Y. White are affiliated with University of Georgia. Rachel T. Davis-Haley is affiliated with University of New Orleans.  相似文献