The relationship of childhood upbringing and university degree program to environmental identity: experience in nature matters     

Anne-Caroline Prévot  Susan Clayton  Raphael Mathevet 《Environmental Education Research》2018,24(2):263-279

Education has been proposed as an important way to increase environmental concern. Beyond providing information, education could also encourage a stable sense of oneself as connected to the natural world, or environmental identity (EID), which is a predictor of environmental concern and behavior. This study explored the relative roles of environmental education at university and previous personal characteristics on the level of individual EID. Results from a questionnaire distributed to 919 French students in different academic curricula (ecology, other sciences and political sciences) showed significant difference in levels of EID for students in ecology compared to others, but also that EID was strongly influenced by personal experiences of nature and social context regarding conservation. These results suggest that academic curriculum is more a result than a cause for high environmental identity. We discuss the results in terms of education and access to nature for children and young people.  相似文献   

Child sex tourism in the context of the 2014 FIFA Football World Cup: the case of the host city of Recife,Brazil     

César Teixeira Castilho  Babara Evrard  Dominique Charrier 《Sport in Society》2018,21(3):497-515

This study aims to analyse the issue of child sex tourism (CST) and its correlation with sporting mega-events, taking into consideration the implementation of preventive public policy in the host city of Recife (located in the north-east of Brazil), during the 2014 FIFA Football World Cup. Through a qualitative approach based on a three-year longitudinal study – using interviews, observation and photographs – the theme will be analysed by considering the involved social issues, and the implications for excluded sectors of society in the organization of so-called mega-events. A total of 36 interviews were conducted with 22 individuals, who were divided into three groups: project managers, local population and children abused. CST does not occur in a vacuum and cannot be disconnected from more general social, economic and cultural concerns, which are often overlooked in analyses. Although this study is based upon a short-term timescale, the results obtained in the analysed projects have been satisfactory, but over the long term, effective social and educational measures must be prioritized in order to improve the situation for the actors involved. As part of a sporting mega-event, the topic of child sex tourism remains marginal, particularly in countries where social inequality persists.  相似文献   

Traumatic Brain Injuries and Special Education Services in the Schools     

A. Paige Blankenship  Angela I. Canto 《Exceptionality》2018,26(4):218-229

The purpose of this study is to replicate a study conducted by Hux, Marquardt, Skinner, and Bond (1999) in which the researchers explored the frequency of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in the special education population as compared to the frequency of TBI among students in general education. Hux and colleagues (1999) found that roughly one-quarter of their sample received evaluations for special education services at some point, and that almost half their sample had sustained at least one TBI. Similarly, the current study explored the frequency of TBI in both general education and special education groups in a kindergarten through twelfth grade school. Results indicated that the sample in the current study reported a lower incidence rate of TBI than the general population as well as that in the 1999 study by Hux and colleagues. Additionally, only one student in the current sample (5% of TBI group) reported a history of TBI along with receiving special education services. Discrepancies between the current study and the Hux and colleagues (1999) study are explored, and possible reasons for the discrepancies are discussed.  相似文献   

Blood lactate response and critical speed in swimmers aged 10-12 years of different standards     

Denadai BS  Greco CC  Teixeira M 《Journal of sports sciences》2000,18(10):779-784

It has previously been shown that measurement of the critical speed is a non-invasive method of estimating the blood lactate response during exercise. However, its validity in children has yet to be demonstrated. The aims of this study were: (1) to verify if the critical speed determined in accordance with the protocol of Wakayoshi et al. is a non-invasive means of estimating the swimming speed equivalent to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) in children aged 10-12 years; and (2) to establish whether standard of performance has an effect on its determination. Sixteen swimmers were divided into two groups: beginners and trained. They initially completed a protocol for determination of speed equivalent to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1). Later, during training sessions, maximum efforts were swum over distances of 50, 100 and 200 m for the calculation of the critical speed. The speeds equivalent to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) (beginners = 0.82 +/- 0.09 m x s(-1), trained = 1.19 +/- 0.11 m x s(-1); mean +/- s) were significantly faster than the critical speeds (beginners = 0.78 +/- 0.25 m x s(-1), trained = 1.08 +/- 0.04 m x s(-1)) in both groups. There was a high correlation between speed at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) and the critical speed for the beginners (r= 0.96, P < 0.001), but not for the trained group (r= 0.60, P> 0.05). The blood lactate concentration corresponding to the critical speed was 2.7 +/- 1.1 and 3.1 +/- 0.4 mmol x l(-1) for the beginners and trained group respectively. The percent difference between speed at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) and the critical speed was not significantly different between the two groups. At all distances studied, swimming performance was significantly faster in the trained group. Our results suggest that the critical speed underestimates swimming intensity corresponding to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) in children aged 10-12 years and that standard of performance does not affect the determination of the critical speed.  相似文献   

Positive Aging Beyond “Success”: Towards a More Inclusive Perspective of High Level Functioning in Old Age     

Constança Paúl  Laetitia Teixeira  Oscar Ribeiro 《Educational gerontology》2015,41(12):930-941

Successful aging is the ability to maintain low probability of disease and disability, high cognitive and physical functioning, and active engagement with life (Rowe &; Kahn, 1999 Rowe, J. W. &; Kahn, R. L. (1999). Successful aging. New York, NY: Dell Pub. [Google Scholar]). These criteria allow for a minority of people to be classified as being “successful” and overlook the importance of psychological variables in balancing the weight of disease. A total of 1322 seniors (55 + years) were classified on their overall functioning according to core domains (health, psychological, cognitive, biobehavioural, social, personality). Findings support the idea that a broader perspective of aging outcomes, rather than success criteria, may better reflect reality.  相似文献   

Accuracy of Actigraph inclinometer to classify free-living postures and motion in adults with overweight and obesity     

Pedro B. Júdice  Luís Teixeira  Analiza M. Silva 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(15):1708-1716

Sedentary behaviour (SB) is an independent health risk-factor and interrupting SB seems to be beneficial. SB is both defined by posture and intensity, thus objective measurement of postures remains a priority. The ActivPAL inclinometer (AP) has been used as a reference for postural estimation, but information on the validity of the Actigraph inclinometer (AG_incl) is scarce. We compared postural estimation from waist-worn AG_incl against thigh-worn AP, under free-living. Data from 10 participants (50.4 ± 11.4 years) were used and each 15s-block from 60-valid days was matched for the devices’ comparison. At group level, no differences were found for SB and standing-time between inclinometers (p ≥ 0.05). AG_incl underestimated stepping-time by 26.3 min and overestimated SB-to-upright transitions by 200.7 occasions (p < 0.05). Inter-individual variability was higher for SB and standing-time, and AG_incl was in better agreement with AP for the stepping-time (area under the ROC curve = 0.98, with 100% sensitivity and 94% specificity; CCC = 0.44). These results highlight potential error in estimating individual postures using AG_incl in overweight/obese adults and provide insights on the differences of using specific criteria on data-analysis. Our findings suggest that at the group level, AG_incl provides similar estimates compared to AP for SB and standing-time, but not for SB-to-upright transitions or stepping-time. (ClinicalTrials.govID:NCT02007681)  相似文献   

Uneducating South Africa: The failure to address the 1910–1993 legacy     

Fedderke  Johannes W.  de Kadt  Raphael  Luiz  John M. 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2000,46(3-4):257-281

This paper analyses various data on the South African schooling system since 1910. The data collected for the study cover a wide range of education indicators, from pupil enrolments, pupil teacher ratios, real expenditure (aggregate and per capita), matriculation pass rates, to some indicators of the quality of matriculation passes. The authors provide an indication of both inputs into and outputs of the educational system. In broad terms, the data indicate that from an educational perspective South Africa followed a modernisation trajectory that, although it drew ever larger numbers of pupils into the schooling system, was partial, distorted and fundamentally dysfunctional. The educational process was strongly affected by racial factors. To the extent that education is an important determinant of long run growth performance of economies, this implies that South Africa's educational policies were inimical to its long run growth.  相似文献   

Comparison of Team-Based Learning versus Traditional Lectures in Neuroanatomy: Medical Student Knowledge and Satisfaction     

Alice B. Rezende  André G.F. de Oliveira  Thiago C. Vale  Luciana A.S. Teixeira  Alba R.A. Lima  Alessandra L.G. Lucchetti  Giancarlo Lucchetti  Sandra H.C. Tibiriçá  Oscarina S. Ezequiel 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(5):591-601

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The Intimate Gene     

Raphael Falk 《Science & Education》2017,26(3-4):411-415

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Auto detecting deliveries in elite cricket fast bowlers using microsensors and machine learning     

Hannah K Jowitt  Jérôme Durussel  Raphael Brandon  Mark King 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(7):767-772

ABSTRACT

Cricket fast bowlers are at a high risk of injury occurrence, which has previously been shown to be correlated to bowling workloads. This study aimed to develop and test an algorithm that can automatically, reliably and accurately detect bowling deliveries. Inertial sensor data from a Catapult OptimEye S5 wearable device was collected from both national and international level fast bowlers (n = 35) in both training and matches, at various intensities. A machine-learning based approach was used to develop the algorithm. Outputs were compared with over 20,000 manually recorded events. A high Matthews correlation coefficient (r = 0.945) showed very good agreement between the automatically detected bowling deliveries and manually recorded ones. The algorithm was found to be both sensitive and specific in training (96.3%, 98.3%) and matches (99.6%, 96.9%), respectively. Rare falsely classified events were typically warm-up deliveries or throws preceded by a run. Inertial sensors data processed by a machine-learning based algorithm provide a valid tool to automatically detect bowling events, whilst also providing the opportunity to look at performance metrics associated with fast bowling. This offers the possibility to better monitor bowling workloads across a range of intensities to mitigate injury risk potential and maximise performance.  相似文献