Performance level differences in swimming: a meta-analysis of passive drag force     

Havriluk R 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2005,76(2):112-118

The streamline is a basic position for competitive swimming starts and turns and has been used in many studies on resistiveforces. However, there is a wide variety of theoretical interpretations in these studies, leading to diverse and questionable conclusions. The purpose of this study was to determine performance level differences in the streamline position using a meta-analysis. Faster swimmers had a significantly lower coefficient of drag (Cd) than slower swimmers, (M = .57, z = 4.30, p < . 001, SE = .13, 95 % CI = .32-.82) and, therefore, a more effective streamline position. The results support considering all the related variables in a study ofpassive drag and using the Cd to discriminate between performance levels in swimming.  相似文献   

Science teacher participation in reviews of syllabi—more than an organizational dilemma     

Fawns  Rod 《Research in Science Education》1981,11(1):8-16

Research in Science Education -  相似文献   

Factorial validity and invariance of a self-report measure of physical activity among adolescent girls     

Motl RW  Dishman RK  Dowda M  Pate RR 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2004,75(3):259-271

We examined the factorial validity and factorial invariance of the 3-day physical activity recall (3DPAR) using confirmatory factor analysis. Adolescent girls from two cohorts (N = 955, N = 1,797) completed the 3DPAR in the eighth grade; participants in Cohort 2 (N = 1,658) completed the 3DPAR again 1 year later in the ninth grade. The 3DPAR was best represented by two uncorrelated factors in Cohort 1. The two-factor, uncorrelated measurement model exhibited evidence of cross-validity between Cohorts 1 and 2. This model also exhibited configural and partial metric invariance between race and across time. Hence, the 3DPAR consisted of two uncorrelated factors underlying three indicators of both moderate and vigorous physical activity in this sample of Black and White girls across a 1-year period. The 3DPAR can be used in cross-sectional, prospective cohort and intervention studies that examine mediators and moderators of physical activity among Black and White adolescent girls.  相似文献   

Physical activities and sedentary pursuits in African American and Caucasian girls     

Dowda M  Pate RR  Felton GM  Saunders R  Ward DS  Dishman RK  Trost SG 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2004,75(4):352-360

The purposes of this study were to describe and compare the specific physical activity choices and sedentary pursuits of African American and Caucasian American girls. Participants were 1,124 African American and 1,068 Caucasian American eighth-grade students from 31 middle schools. The 3-Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR) was used to measure participation in physical activities and sedentary pursuits. The most frequently reported physical activities were walking, basketball, jogging or running, bicycling, and social dancing. Differences between groups were found in 11 physical activities and 3 sedentary pursuits. Participation rates were higher in African American girls (p < or = .001) for social dancing, basketball, watching television, and church attendance but lower in calisthenics, ballet and other dance, jogging or running, rollerblading, soccer, softball or baseball, using an exercise machine, swimming, and homework. Cultural differences of groups should be considered when planning interventions to promote physical activity.  相似文献   

Negotiating an Australian general science. The professional dilemma 1939–45     

Rod Fawns 《Research in Science Education》1985,15(1):166-175

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Theme issue — Collective bargaining     

Cathy Vainio  Rod MacDonald 《Interchange》1978,9(3):1-1

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Culturally appropriate means and ends of counselling as described by the First Nations people of British Columbia     

Rod McCormick 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1995,18(3):163-172

This paper focuses on one aspect of the author's Ph.D. dissertation which examined the facilitation of healing for First Nations people of British Columbia Canada. the research finding discussed in this paper is that the means and ends of counselling for First Nations people differ from those of the Western therapeutic approaches utilized by the majority culture in Canada. These differences are illustrated by the First Nations world view and the unique goals of healing for First Nations people. it is necessary for counsellors to be responsive to these goals if they are to be effective in working with Native people (Please note that the terms First Nations, Native, and Aboriginal are used interchangeably to refer to the same people).  相似文献   

“...the execution has not been equal to what the author promised to himself and to the public”     

W. Rod Dolmage 《Interchange》1993,24(3):323-328

The author offers a highly critical evaluation of the Zuker text, arguing that while the book does address significant legal issues in Canadian education, it is erratically organized, inconsistent, and confusing. Indeed, the author argues that the book represents a veritable compilation of problems which never should have escaped editorial scrutiny.  相似文献   

The effect of practical work on students' understanding of combustion     

Rod Watson  Teresa Prieto  Justin S. Dillon 《科学教学研究杂志》1995,32(5):487-502

This paper describes a study which investigated 14 and 15 year old students' understanding of combustion in both England and Spain, and explores the effect of practical laboratory experience on students' understanding. The teaching and learning styles used with the students in the study were explored using questionnaires and interviews. The students' understanding of combustion was explored using a questionnaire. The responses of English and Spanish students are significantly different. The quality of the responses is explored in terms of the awareness of students of the involvement of gases in combustion, and it appears, however, that the more extensive use of practical work in English schools has had only a marginal effect on their understanding of combustion.  相似文献   

Promises of Interactivity: Aligning Learner Perceptions and Expectations With Strategies for Flexible and Online Learning     

Rod Sims 《Distance Education》2003,24(1):87-103

The discourse of flexible and online learning echoes with terms such as communication, collaboration, engagement and interactivity. Of these, interactivity is frequently used to refer to an inherent quality of the medium and learning environment, with an underlying assumption that the interactive characteristics of communication with other learners or content objects is beneficial to the learning process. However, interactivity as a concept has received comparatively little research attention. To provide further insights into the dynamics of interactivity, this study reports on an investigation to ascertain the different ways people perceive interactivity, and the extent to which that interactivity adds value to the learning process. Based on a qualitative analysis of responses from 68 participants, it was found that participants indeed had specific expectations of interactivity that were not only consistent with theoretical frameworks of learning but also provided insights for the design of online collaborative learning environments.  相似文献