Assessment of Student Learning Associated with Tree Thinking in an Undergraduate Introductory Organismal Biology Course     

James J. Smith  Kendra Spence Cheruvelil  Stacie Auvenshine 《CBE life sciences education》2013,12(3):542-552

Phylogenetic trees provide visual representations of ancestor–descendant relationships, a core concept of evolutionary theory. We introduced “tree thinking” into our introductory organismal biology course (freshman/sophomore majors) to help teach organismal diversity within an evolutionary framework. Our instructional strategy consisted of designing and implementing a set of experiences to help students learn to read, interpret, and manipulate phylogenetic trees, with a particular emphasis on using data to evaluate alternative phylogenetic hypotheses (trees). To assess the outcomes of these learning experiences, we designed and implemented a Phylogeny Assessment Tool (PhAT), an open-ended response instrument that asked students to: 1) map characters on phylogenetic trees; 2) apply an objective criterion to decide which of two trees (alternative hypotheses) is “better”; and 3) demonstrate understanding of phylogenetic trees as depictions of ancestor–descendant relationships. A pre–post test design was used with the PhAT to collect data from students in two consecutive Fall semesters. Students in both semesters made significant gains in their abilities to map characters onto phylogenetic trees and to choose between two alternative hypotheses of relationship (trees) by applying the principle of parsimony (Occam''s razor). However, learning gains were much lower in the area of student interpretation of phylogenetic trees as representations of ancestor–descendant relationships.  相似文献   

Recorded Student Interviews in Improving Instruction     

James F. Adams  Laurence Siegel  F. G. Macomber 《College Teaching》2013,61(3):75-78

Abstract

A Valuable Resource: Key Resources on Teaching, Learning, Curriculum, and Faculty Development By Robert J. Menges and B. Claude Mathis San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1988, 406 pages, index, $35. Reviewed by Ohmer Milton

Accomplished Advocates for Change: Women in Academe: Outsiders in the Sacred Grove By Nadya Aisenberg and Mona Harrington Amherst: The University of Massachusetts Press, 1988, xii + 207 pages. Reviewed by Amy A. Kass

The Power of Scientific Thought: The Cultural Meaning of the Scientific Revolution By Margaret C. Jacob Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1988, xii + 274 pages, $29.95. Reviewed by Robert L. Spaeth  相似文献   

Characterizing organizational spirituality: An organizational communication culture approach     

James S. Sass 《Communication Studies》2013,64(3):195-217

This study focuses and extends the academic literature on spirituality in organizations. Although spirituality has gained attention in organizational scholarship during the past decade, there has been little systematic development. Current literature on spirituality in organizations is characterized by divergent approaches to spirituality and a number of organizational foci. The present study, based on qualitative field research in a nursing home, advances understanding of spirituality in organizations by identifying three central characteristics of organizational spirituality: value alignment, personal spirituality, and relationship‐based organizing. These central characteristics, supported by the field research and current literature on spirituality in organizations, lead to issues for further research. The study concludes with an invitation for dialogue on the emergent topic of organizational spirituality.  相似文献   

Pre‐han persuasion: The legalist school     

John J. Dreher  James I. Crump Jr. 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):10-14

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Peripatetic Rhetors of the warring kingdoms     

James I. Crump  John J. Dreher 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):15-17

Are our college and university theatres reluctant to act upon their obligation to tomorrow's playwrights? This article, based on a national survey, shows the attitude of the Central States area toward this problem.  相似文献   

Coercive rhetorical strategy in political conflict: A case study of the Trent affair     

James R. Andrews 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):253-261

In this study the British reaction to the seizure of Mason and Slidell from on board the Trent is examined in order to suggest characteristics of coercive rhetorical strategy. It is hypothesized that the strategy grew directly out of the context which brought together conviction of opinion and ability to use force successfully against an intransigent opponent. The coercive strategy is one of compliance, bringing into play a repertoire of suitable tactics.  相似文献   

1. CBQ Review Essay: Global Telecommunication Company History     

James Playsted Wood  Otto Friedrich 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(1):7-21

James Playsted Wood's The Curtis Magazines (New York: Ronald Press, 1971—price not known)

Magazines in the United States which has just been re-released in a revised (3rd) edition (New York: Ronald Press, 1971—price not known)

Otto Friedrich's Decline and Fall (New York, Harper &; Row/Ballentine, 1970—$10.00/1.25)  相似文献   

2. CBQ REVIEW ESSAY: Reporting Wars and the Military (Part 1)     

Leslie Halliwell  Ray Armes  Peter Harcourt  James Robert Parish  Lee R. Bowker  William Kuhns 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(1):12-27

Leslie Halliwell's The Filmgoer's Companion (New York: Hill and Wang, 1974—$25.00)

Ray Armes' Film and Reality: An Historical Survey (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1974—$1.95, paper)

Peter Harcourt 's Six European Directors: Essays on the Meaning of Film Style (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1974—$2.50, paper)

James Robert Parish' The RKO Gals (New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1974—$14.95)

Lee R. Bowker's Elements of Film (New York: Harcourt Brace Javanovich, 1974—$5.95, paper)

Jump Cut: A Review of Contemporary Cinema (3138 West Schubert, Chicago, Ill. 60647—$3.00 for 6 issues a year, or 50c each)

William Kuhns' Themes Two (Dayton, Ohio: Pflaum/Standard, 1974—$4.95, paper)

Raoul Walsh's Each Man in His Time: The Life Story of a Director (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1974– $10.00)  相似文献   

Foreign/International     

James D. Halloran  Michael Gurevich  Katherine Shervis  O.J. Firestone 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(6):11-12

James D. Halloran and Michael Gurevich (eds.) Broadcaster/Researcher Co-Operation in Mass Communication Research (Centre for Mass Communication Research, University of Leicester, England, 1971 -- price not known, paper)

Global Communications in the Space Age (New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1972 -- $1.00, paper)

Katherine Shervis (comp.) Satellite Teleconferencing: An Annotated Bibliography (Edsat Center, Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706 -- $2.00, paper)

0.J. Firestone's The Public Persuader: Government Advertising (Toronto: Methuen, 1970 -- $12.70)

Telenation (Canadian Broadcasting League, Box 1504, Ottawa, Canada KIP 5R5 -- $8.00 per year/12 issues)  相似文献   

3. Electronic Media     

James K. Bracken 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(4):163-165

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