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51.
Anne Haarala-Muhonen Mirja Ruohoniemi Anna Parpala Erkki Komulainen Sari Lindblom-Ylänne 《Higher Education》2017,74(6):949-962
The relationship between study success and the nature of 550 first-year law students’ study processes was investigated using a modified version of the Approaches to Learning and Studying Inventory. The students were classified into four study profiles according to their approaches to learning, indicating the nature of their study processes. In addition, the students were divided into six study success groups on the basis of their earned study credits and grade point average. The results showed that both approaches to learning and study success in the first study year predicted graduation time and the completion of the degree. Thus, it is important that faculties actively use measures, such as the inventory used in the present study, to promote first-year students’ awareness of their study practices and support the progress of their studies. Individual students need tailored guidance in transitioning to university studies and identifying the demands of the study programme. 相似文献
52.
Heidi Hyytinen Erika Löfström Sari Lindblom-Ylänne 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2017,61(4):411-429
The present study aimed to identify difficulties in writing at the beginning of educational science programmes in the Finnish Open University by analysing the students’ written argumentation and use of sources at the textual level. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results showed that many students began their educational studies with weak writing competencies. While many of the problems were directly related to students’ failure to explain the ideas in their sources in their own words, some problems pertained to other aspects, such as the inability to construct convincing arguments. Understanding the nature of the problems in writing encountered by beginning students in educational sciences can help teachers foster students’ participation in academic discourse. 相似文献
53.
The present follow-up study examines the effect of university teachers’ pedagogical training on approaches to teaching and
self-efficacy beliefs measured by Approaches to Teaching Inventory and an additional part measuring motivational strategies.
The effect of pedagogical training on teaching is analysed among 35 teachers who had not participated in pedagogical courses
after the first measurement in 2004 as well as among 45 teachers who had acquired more pedagogical training after the first
measurement. The results showed that there were more positive changes in the measured scales among teachers who had acquired
more credits of pedagogical courses since the year 2004 than among teachers who had not acquired more credits. The results
of the first and second measurements are compared. 相似文献
54.
Selection of particles or cells of specific shapes from a complex mixture is an essential procedure for various biological and industrial applications, including synchronization of the cell cycle, classification of environmental bacteria, and elimination of aggregates from synthesized particles. Here, we investigate the separation behaviors of nonspherical and spherical particles∕cells in the hydrodynamic filtration (HDF) scheme, which was previously developed for continuous size-dependent particle∕cell separation. Nonspherical particle models were prepared by coating the hemisphere of spherical polymer particles with a thin Au layer and by bonding the Janus particles to form twins and triplets resembling dividing and aggregating cells, respectively. High-speed imaging revealed a difference in the separation behaviors of spherical and nonspherical particles at a branch point; nonspherical particles showed rotation behavior and did not enter the branch channel even when their minor axis was smaller than the virtual width of the flow region entering the branch channel, w(1). The confocal-laser high-speed particle intensity velocimetry system visualized the flow profile inside the HDF microchannel, demonstrating that the steep flow-velocity distribution at the branch point is the main factor causing the rotation behavior of nonspherical particles. As applications, we successfully separated spherical and nonspherical particles with various major∕minor lengths and also demonstrated the selection of budding∕single cells from a yeast cell mixture. We therefore conclude that the HDF scheme can be used for continuous shape-based particle∕cell separation. 相似文献
55.
Anna Parpala Sari Lindblom‐Ylänne Henna Rytkönen 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2011,36(5):549-563
This paper explores students’ conceptions of good teaching in three different disciplines. Moreover, the aim is to explore the relation between these conceptions and students’ approaches to learning by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. A total of 695 students from the Faculties of Behavioural Sciences, Law and Veterinary Medicine participated in the study. The students’ conceptions of good teaching were analysed using a qualitative content analysis. Furthermore, the students were assigned to homogenous subgroups on the basis of their responses to items measuring approaches to learning and the differences between these subgroups and the students’ conceptions were examined. The association between the conceptions, disciplines and approaches to learning were examined using Chi‐square tests. Twenty‐one dimensions were created from the data and 12 of them differed between the disciplines. Only one dimension differed between the student groups. The study suggests that there is disciplinary variation in students’ conceptions of good teaching and universities should take this into account in the development process of the student evaluation system. 相似文献
56.
Anna Parpala Sari Lindblom-Ylänne Erkki Komulainen Noel Entwistle 《Learning Environments Research》2013,16(2):201-215
The study examined the use of the modified Experiences of Teaching and Learning Questionnaire (ETLQ) in the Finnish context by focusing on its factor structures and comparing them with those for British data. A total of 2,509 Finnish and 2,710 British students completed the questionnaire. The comparison of the factor structures were conducted using exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) and a transformation analysis. Although the differences between the factor structures prevented a combined analysis, the structures were highly similar in the two contexts. The ETLQ appears to be a sufficiently robust and reliable instrument for use across countries and, in addition, at either the level of the degree subject or the single course module. 相似文献
57.
In research literature, two study orientations have been identified: meaning orientation and reproducing orientation. Few studies have examined how study orientations and conceptions of knowledge (epistemologies) interrelate. Further, longitudinal studies of the development of orientations and of conceptions of knowledge in relation to academic achievement are scarce. The study set out:(i) to examine the relationship between study orientations and conceptions of knowledge; (ii) to investigate how these kinds of beliefs change during short, career-aimed studies of natural science; (iii) to explore how study orientations and changes in them are related to study success. The sample consisted of 66 undergraduate students of pharmacy studying at a Finnish university. Participants filled in a questionnaire regarding study orientations and conceptions of knowledge at the beginning of their studies and after 3 years of study. Results showed a relationship between reproducing orientation and dualist conceptions of knowledge. Reproducing orientation and dualism diminished during undergraduate natural science studies. Further, students' reproducing orientation after the last study year was negatively related to their study success. In addition, a favourable development was detected in the group of above-average achievers, who maintained their initial level of meaning orientation while diminishing their level of reproducing orientation. Implications for instruction are discussed. 相似文献
58.
Drawing on research on both engagement in learning and approaches to learning, we examine the associations between international students’ approaches to learning, factors in the teaching/learning environment and self-assessed academic outcomes. A total of 307 students responded to our survey. Their experience of the purposefulness of their course assignments and the relevance of their studies was related to students having a deep approach to learning and being organised in their studies. Moreover, students applying a deep approach to learning and being organised in studying seemed to perceive their study success more positively. Furthermore, the better students’ perception of how well their courses were organised and aligned with other studies, the lower their stress level was. The Asian students in our study exhibited a slightly more surface approach to learning, and were more organised in their studies than the European students, but the differences were very small. 相似文献
59.
Nina Katajavuori Sari Lindblom-Ylänne Jouni Hirvonen 《Research in Science Education》2005,35(2-3):323-345
Practical knowledge and skills are necessary components of expertise. Practical training in higher education has been shown
to foster students' learning and understanding of theoretical backgrounds. The attitude and skill of mentors play a central
role in enhancing the quality of students' practical learning. The aims of this study were to explore mentors' experiences
of the practice period and mentoring process, and to develop practical performances to improve the practice period that s
included in theoretical pharmaceutical studies in Finland. A total of 48 pharmacy mentors were interviewed during the practice
period of the pharmacy curriculum. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results showed that
the mentors considered the practice period an essential part of pharmacy studies, which fostered student learning and benefited
the community pharmacy. Mentoring activities, mentoring processes and assessment of students varied in the pharmacies. The
results showed that it is necessary to pay more attention to the aims and the content of the practice period. More cooperation
is needed between the University and pharmacies. There is also a clear need to pay attention to reflective action in order
to foster the quality of practical learning. 相似文献
60.
Today’s experts must continuously reconstruct their expertise and be able to apply their theoretical knowledge in actual work.
The development of expertise is a long process, during which theoretical, practical and metacognitive elements of expert knowledge
are integrated into a coherent whole. It is important to foster student’s learning and integration of theoretical knowledge
in practice during tertiary education. One tool for this is to pay more attention to practical knowledge in the theoretical
part of the curriculum. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of early practical training as a part of the
pharmacy curriculum and to find out to what extent the students felt their practical training fostered their learning. A total
of 47 pharmacy students were interviewed during the three-month practice period. Content analyses of the interviews showed
that the practical training increased students’ understanding of theoretical knowledge and their motivation to study. The
students acquired practical skills and knowledge in a working community of professionals. The results also showed that the
students should be able to rehearse their reflective skills during the theoretical studies as well, because the practice period
was too short to permit adequate development of reflective skills. 相似文献