Cytotoxicity of Liposomal Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7     

Maedeh Koohi Moftakhari Esfahani  Seyed Ebrahim Alavi  Fatemeh Movahedi  Fatemeh Alavi  Azim Akbarzadeh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(4):358-360

Regarding that the breast cancer is the most prevalent disease among women, paclitaxel, an anti-cancer drug, could be used in treatment of this disease. As paclitaxel has adverse effects, it was used of nanoliposome drug delivery technology in order to reduce adverse effects and improve drug efficacy. Certain ratios of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and paclitaxel were synthesized to prepare nanoliposomal paclitaxel. Using Zeta sizer device, the mean diameter of nanoliposomal paclitaxel was obtained 421.4 nm and its encapsulation efficiency was 91.3 %. By dialysis, drug release in nanoliposome paclitaxel formulation within 28 h was studied which was 5.53 %. This study showed that cytotoxicity effect of nanoliposomal paclitaxel is more than that of the standard form.  相似文献   

Using Short Message Service (SMS) to teach English idioms to EFL students     

Abdolmajid Hayati  Alireza Jalilifar  Amir Mashhadi 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2013,44(1):66-81

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An extended discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm for the dynamic facility layout problem   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hassan Rezazadeh  Mehdi Ghazanfari  Mohammad Saidi-Mehrabad  Seyed Jafar Sadjadi 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2009,10(4):520-529

We extended an improved version of the discrete particle swarm optimization （DPSO） algorithm proposed by Liao et al.（2007） to solve the dynamic facility layout problem （DFLP）. A computational study was performed with the existing heuristic algorithms, including the dynamic programming （DP）, genetic algorithm （GA）, simulated annealing （SA）, hybrid ant system （HAS）, hybrid simulated annealing （SA-EG）, hybrid genetic algorithms （NLGA and CONGA）. The proposed DPSO algorithm, SA, HAS, GA, DP, SA-EG, NLGA, and CONGA obtained the best solutions for 33, 24, 20, 10, 12, 20, 5, and 2 of the 48 problems from （Balakrishnan and Cheng, 2000）, respectively. These results show that the DPSO is very effective in dealing with the DFLP. The extended DPSO also has very good computational efficiency when the problem size increases.  相似文献   

A nonlinear dynamic finite-element analyses of the basketball-related eye injuries     

Alireza Karimi  Reza Razaghi  Seyed Mohammadali Rahmati  Toshihiro Sera  Susumu Kudo 《Sports Engineering》2018,21(4):359-365

Eye injuries from blunt forces and penetrating objects can cause morbidity, disability, and blindness. Most of these injuries are preventable not only by understanding the detail of injury, but also by portraying the role of the ball’s characteristics. Basketball can induce severe forms of injuries to the eye. This study was aimed at performing a numerical analysis through the fluid–structure interaction on ocular trauma. Balls with different diameters, elastic moduli, and pressures were shot to the eye. Injury in terms of the stresses and deformations in each component of the eye was computed at ~?0.72 mm deformation in the apex of the cornea. By increasing the diameter of the ball from 20 to 26 cm the stress in the eye components, excluding the aqueous body, vitreous body, and extraconal fat, increased. Stresses of 2.68 and 3.19 MPa were observed in the cornea under the ball diameters of 20 and 26 cm, respectively. Conversely, the elastic modulus and pressure of the ball in the defined range showed no considerable role on the stress in the eye components. The results revealed the importance of the ball size compared to the elastic modulus and pressure in the stress accumulation as a result of ocular trauma.  相似文献   

A GP-adaptive web ranking discovery framework based on combinative content and context features     

Amir Hosein Keyhanipour  Maryam Piroozmand  Kambiz Badie 《Journal of Informetrics》2009,3(1):78-89

The problem of ranking is a crucial task in the web information retrieval systems. The dynamic nature of information resources as well as the continuous changes in the information demands of the users has made it very difficult to provide effective methods for data mining and document ranking. Regarding these challenges, in this paper an adaptive ranking algorithm is proposed named GPRank. This algorithm which is a function discovery framework, utilizes the relatively simple features of web documents to provide suitable rankings using a multi-layer/multi-population genetic programming architecture. Experiments done, illustrate that GPRank has better performance in comparison with well-known ranking techniques and also against its full mode edition.  相似文献   

Challenging the myths about madaris in Pakistan: A national household survey of enrolment and reasons for choosing religious schools     

Anne Cockcroft  Neil Andersson  Deborah Milne  Khalid Omer  Noor Ansari  Amir Khan  Ubaid Ullah Chaudhry 《International Journal of Educational Development》2009

There is speculation about madaris in Pakistan as sources of terrorists and about levels and reasons for enrolment, but a dearth of empirical data. We studied madarsah enrolment among 53,960 representative households; 853 focus groups of parents discussed enrolment choices. In 2004, 2.6% of all children (3.8% of school-going children) aged 5–9 years attended a madarsah. Children from urban and less educated households were more likely to attend a madarsah, but there was no difference by sex of the child or household vulnerability. Parents chose madaris because they offered an Islamic education. Our findings challenge misconceptions about madaris in Pakistan.  相似文献   

A new method for performance evaluation of bit decoding algorithms using statistics of the log likelihood ratio     

Ali Abedi  Amir K. Khandani 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2008,345(1):60-74

This paper presents a new method for the performance evaluation of bit decoding algorithms. The method is based on estimating the probability density function (pdf) of the bit log likelihood ratio (LLR) by using an exponential model. It is widely known that the pdf of the bit LLR is close to the normal density. The proposed approach takes advantage of this property to present an efficient algorithm for the pdf estimation. The moment matching method is combined with the maximum entropy principle to estimate the underlying parameters. We present a simple method for computing the probabilities of the point estimates for the estimated parameters, as well as for the bit error rate. The corresponding results are used to compute the number of samples that are required for a given precision of the estimated values. It is demonstrated that this method requires significantly fewer samples as compared to the conventional Monte-Carlo simulation.  相似文献   

Asia and the future of football: the role of the Asian Football Confederation     

Amir Ben Porat 《Soccer & Society》2017,18(7):1088-1090

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Inter-relationship among laboratory process skills in biology     

Pinchas Tamir  Ruth Amir 《科学教学研究杂志》1987,24(2):137-143

Inquiry oriented practical matriculation tests of 3650 12th grade biology students in Israel were analyzed to find out the interrelationships among 21 process skills. Using correlations and varimax factor analysis, seven factors were obtained. These factors are listed according to the relative percentage of the total variance accounted for from highest to lowest: handling quantitative relationships, explaining and assessing data, conceptualizing and planning investigations, summarizing results, interpreting and concluding, selecting form of presenting findings, designing experiments. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are briefly discussed. Theoretically, the associations as well as the dissociations identified provide important clues regarding the organization of process skills related knowledge in cognitive structure. From a practical perspective the findings offer guidance for teacher educators as well as biology teachers on more effective ways for developing science process skills.  相似文献   

Making Associativity Operational     

Amir H. Asghari  Leyla G. Khosroshahi 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2017,15(8):1559-1577

The purpose of this paper is to propose an operational idea for developing algebraic thinking in the absence of alphanumeric symbols. The paper reports on a design experiment encouraging preschool children to use the associative property algebraically. We describe the theoretical basis of the design, the tasks used, and examples of algebraic thinking in 5–6-year-old children. Theoretically, the paper makes a critical distinction between operational and structural meanings of the notion of equality. We argue that mathematical thinking involving equality among young learners can comprise both an operational and a structural conception and that the operational conception has a side that is productively linked to the structural conception. Using carefully designed hands-on tasks, the crux of the paper is the realization of algebraic thinking (in verbal mathematics) as operationally experienced in the ability to transform one number structure, with a quantity that is subject to change, into another through equality-preserving transformations.  相似文献