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81.
ABSTRACTGlobally there is recognition that doctoral programmes need to offer the opportunity for career pathways beyond academia, as PhD graduates are entering a range of careers. Consequently, some doctoral programmes now provide opportunities to develop a broader skill set. However, most PhD programmes in the United Kingdom and Australasia still concentrate on disciplinary knowledge and developing research skills. Moreover, the assessment has remained narrowly focused on a written thesis and an oral examination. Here we apply the notion of ‘constructive alignment’ to doctoral education and find that, even in terms of preparing PhD graduates for academic and research careers, the curriculum lacks opportunities to develop and assess relevant skills. The situation is even more extreme for wider careers beyond academia. To achieve alignment, we suggest providing more structured learning opportunities and personalised professional development plans with formative portfolios. If wanting true alignment in the PhD, a portfolio would be the summative assessment, but this is likely a step too far for a conservative academy. 相似文献
82.
Lessons for Preschool Language Socialization from the Vantage Point of the First Day of Kindergarten
Sharon E. Rosenkoetter 《Early education and development》2001,12(3):325-342
All 12 kindergarten classrooms from a small town/rural Midwestern county were observed for the full session on the first day of school to determine teachers' language and classroom practices. Data collection included completion of a classroom checklist by the investigator and running accounts of classroom events with verbatim notes of teacher language. The findings from this study provide evidence of demands for entering kindergartners to process complex language, organize themselves and their materials, and comply with many new rules and procedures. Based on these data, the author and participating teachers present recommendations for preschool teachers, kindergarten teachers, and researchers. The findings provide convergent validity for previous surveys of teacher expectations for children at kindergarten entry. They can be used by preschool personnel to plan preschool language experiences to assist young children's transition to kindergarten. The method of classroom observation employed here can also help local personnel in varied communities to shape a more seamless system of experiences for the early years. 相似文献
83.
Sharon Crasnow 《Science & Education》2008,17(10):1089-1110
Feminist philosophy of science has been criticized on several counts. On the one hand, it is claimed that it results in relativism
of the worst sort since the political commitment to feminism is prima facie incompatible with scientific objectivity. On the other hand, when critics acknowledge that there may be some value in work
that feminists have done, they comment that there is nothing particularly feminist about their accounts. I argue that both criticisms can be addressed through a better understanding of the current work in
feminist epistemology. I offer an examination of standpoint theory as an illustration. Harding and Wylie have suggested ways
in which the objectivity question can be addressed. These two accounts together with a third approach, ‘model-based objectivity’,
indicate there is a clear sense in which we can understand how a standpoint theory both contributes to a better understanding
of scientific knowledge and can provide a feminist epistemology.
相似文献
Sharon CrasnowEmail: |
84.
The issue of school non-completion continues to be a matter of concern for policy makers and practitioners in Australia today.
Despite the efforts of governments and school systems to improve participation and retention rates, often one in three students
drop out of school before completing Year 12. Major factors influence non-completion and militate against young people remaining
at school. Findings from recent research indicate that some non-completers choose to re-enter education through second chance
programs outside the school environment. The argument for second chance education presented in this paper is developed within
the context of the ‘risk’ society and in relation to recent theories of youth transitions. 相似文献
85.
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87.
Brooke E. E. Montgomery Amy Jones Sharon E. Sanders Angela McGraw Barbara Williams Katherine E. Stewart 《American journal of sexuality education》2018,13(1):40-64
Experiences of violence and behaviors that increase the risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted infection are high among women in the United States, and they often intersect (Meyer, Springer, &; Altice, 2011; Montgomery et al., 2015; World Health Organization (WHO), 2010). However, there are few evidence-based HIV-prevention interventions that address the special needs and challenges faced by female survivors of violence (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (CDC), 2017a). To address this gap, we adapted and pilot-tested an existing evidence-based women-focused sexual risk-reduction intervention (The Future Is Ours) with 23 self-identified female survivors of violence. The intervention comprised eight-weekly, two-hour cognitive behavioral group sessions focusing on reducing sexual-risk and improving trauma-based coping skills. Using mixed-methods analyses, the adapted intervention was determined feasible and acceptable to participants, and preliminary results suggest that participation could reduce risk factors for sexually transmitted infections. Therefore, testing on a larger scale is warranted. 相似文献
88.
ABSTRACTGlobal multicultural teacher education courses and programs have made claims to offer Prospective Teachers (PSTs) a global understanding of diversity and multiculturalism. However, there is very little research that has examined the classroom experiences of PSTs and teacher educators. Drawing on a collaborative autoethnography, this article explores the ways our transnational identities shaped our experiences (as a PST and a teacher educator) in a global teacher education course focused on diversity and multiculturalism. We were guided by the following research question: How do we, as South Asian transnational migrants, experience the curriculum of a global multicultural education course in the United States? We found that the curricular nationalism within multicultural education courses often negates any critical engagement with the influence of transnationalism on immigrants and their educational experiences. Transnational migrants are expected to translate their experiences, cultural practices, and life ways to fit into the container of the U.S. nation-state. Furthermore, there was a visible absence of narratives and research about transnational lives and identities in the course curriculum. As teacher education programs prepare PSTs to enter classrooms with growing immigrant populations, it is important that we attend to this glaring gap in both practice and research. 相似文献
89.
Benjamin Dotger Sharon Dotger Joanna Masingila Jeffrey Rozelle Mary Bearkland Ashley Binnert 《Research in Science Education》2018,48(3):637-661
Teachers and students struggle with the complexities surrounding the evolution of species and the process of natural selection. This article examines how science teacher candidates (STCs) engage in a clinical simulation that foregrounds two common challenges associated with natural selection—students’ understanding of “survival of the fittest” and the variation of species over time. We outline the medical education pedagogy of clinical simulations and its recent diffusion to teacher education. Then, we outline the study that situates each STC in a one-to-one interaction with a standardized student who is struggling to accurately interpret natural selection concepts. In simulation with the standardized student, each STC is challenged to recognize content misconceptions and respond with appropriate instructional strategies and accurate explanations. Findings and implications center on the STCs’ instructional practices in the simulation and the use of clinical learning environments to foster science teacher learning. 相似文献
90.
Although most social work continuing education units operate within stable academic institutions, this stability does not extend to the operation of these units. The greatest impediment is the demand by university administrators that the units operate on a pay as you go basis and turn any surplus revenues to the university for its discretionary use. In trying to meet university conditions while maintaining high standards of service, the units face several difficulties including competition from private providers, high costs, fewer sponsors, and indifferent faculty.In funding and budgeting the units for continuing education, universities tend to ignore two key arguments. The first is that CEP provide public services with spill over effects that add indirect demand to the demand expressed through registration. The second is that building quality into professional programs requires long term investments that forego immediate profits.Because continuing education programs are an image of their profession, social work programs need to correspond to the profession they serve, a profession that produces public goods (and services) while seeking to assure quality within non-profit environments. Unless universities assume a lead role in supporting these efforts through new approaches, continuing education programs will only be partially successful in fulfilling their mission. 相似文献