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In recent decades, many educational reforms have been implemented that aim to effect a change in teachers’ and pupils’ roles by promoting meaningful learning. Yet, little is known about how teachers perceive these roles as a part of their professional belief system. In this study, 68 Finnish comprehensive school teachers were interviewed. The data were content analysed. The results showed that teachers recognised the importance of facilitating pupils’ active role in learning, but still mostly considered pupils as passive in school practices. Moreover, teachers perceived pupils as active educational participants most often outside the classroom, in informal school settings. Correspondingly, teachers described themselves primarily as knowledge transmitters in pupils’ learning. In their professional community, teachers perceived themselves mostly as reproducers of knowledge instead of facilitators of learning. There was also variation between the teachers as well as within a single teacher’s beliefs. 相似文献
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Anna-Kaija Eloranta Vesa Närhi Timo Ahonen Tuija Aro 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2013,17(4):273-286
ABSTRACTThis follow-up study aimed at a better understanding of the associations of reading disability (RD) with adult-age psychosocial well-being. We compared adult-age psychosocial well-being in 48 individuals (20–39 years) with documented childhood RD but without comorbid disabilities to 37 matched controls. The associations of psychosocial well-being with childhood and adult-age reading fluency were studied in the RD group, controlling for IQ, gender and unemployment. Psychosocial well-being was assessed with commonly used self-report questionnaires. No group differences were found in psychosocial well-being. In the RD group, lower adult-age reading fluency was associated with symptoms of depression, lower self-esteem, and social functioning. Severity of childhood RD was not associated with psychosocial well-being. Thus, reading fluency problems continuing into adulthood appear to be related to adult-age psychosocial well-being. A more holistic approach to studying how RD impacts adult-age well-being is needed, including both the individual’s developmental history and current functioning in various domains. 相似文献
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Sirkka Ahonen 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(2):179-194
National curricula convey narratives that are never inclusive of whole communities, and history curricula in particular need examination of their role as forms of 'identity politics'. Minorities tend to be excluded from the master historical narratives. The examples are derived from Estonia and the new German Lander, which made up the German Democratic Republic. In both cases, the grand narrative of communism was used as the backbone of history curriculum. When, abruptly-around 1990 - the narrative lost its credibility, a quest for a new narrative arose. In the case of Estonia, history was needed for nation-building and was, therefore, framed within the grand narrative of nationalism. In Germany, the educators challenged themselves by attempting to make school history into a Habermasian open space for critical communication. However, the question remains: how far can a curriculum be socially inclusive? 相似文献
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Päivinen Maria Eklund Kenneth Hirvonen Riikka Ahonen Timo Kiuru Noona 《Reading and writing》2019,32(7):1723-1746
Reading and Writing - The aim of this study was to examine the situational associations of reading-related task values and efficacy beliefs with achievement emotions, and whether these associations... 相似文献
26.
An advanced church heating system favourable to artworks: A contribution to European standardisation
Dario Camuffo Emanuela Pagan Sirkka Rissanen Łukasz Bratasz Roman Kozłowski Marco Camuffo Antonio della Valle 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(2):205-219
The European project Friendly-Heating (FH): comfortable to people and compatible with conservation of artworks preserved in churches addressed the problems caused by the continuous or intermittent heating of historic churches, which disturbs the microclimatic conditions to which the building and the artworks preserved inside have acclimatised. As thermal comfort and the preservation of artworks often conflict with each other, a balance between the two needs is necessary. The proposed heating strategy is to provide a small amount of heat directly to people in the pew area while leaving the conditions in the church, as a whole, undisturbed. This novel heating system is based on some low-temperature radiant emitters mounted in a pew to provide a desirable distribution of heat to the feet, legs and hands of people occupying it. Due to little heat dispersion, this novel system not only significantly reduces the risk of mechanical stress in wooden artworks and panel or canvas paintings, fresco soiling and cyclic dissolution-recrystallization of soluble salts in the masonry, but is energy-efficient. The detailed environmental monitoring was conducted in the church of Santa Maria Maddalena in Rocca Pietore, Italy over a 3-year period to verify the performance of the novel heating system in comparison to the warm-air system that was active earlier in the church. The methodology and results of this comprehensive and multidisciplinary study were included in three draft standards of the European Committee for Standardisation intended for use in the study and control of environments of cultural heritage objects. 相似文献
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Timo Ahonen Arja Luotoniemi Katri Nokelainen Anne Savelius Sirkka Tasola 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(2):168-181
ABSTRACT Children (N = 3) with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorders were trained by using a multimodal programme, which comprised three types of intervention: children's individual and group‐based cognitive training, parent training and classroom intervention. The study was done using the experimental single‐case design. Baseline and progress were evaluated by classroom observations, questionnaires and rating scales. Results concerning the two children who were able to finish the programme were promising. Progress was seen in both classroom observations and parent and teacher ratings. Results are discussed and considered from the transactional point of view and some ideas about developing this kind of multimodal programme are given. 相似文献
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Riikka Heikkilä Mikko Aro Vesa Närhi Jari Westerholm Timo Ahonen 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2013,17(6):398-414
Repeated reading of infrequent syllables has been shown to increase reading speed at the word level in a transparent orthography. This study confirms these results with a computer-based training method and extends them by comparing the training effects of short syllables and long frequent and infrequent syllables, controlling for rapid automatized naming. Our results, based on a sample of 150 poor readers of Finnish, showed clear gains in reading speed regarding all trained syllables, but a transfer effect to the word level was evident only in the case of long infrequent syllables. Rapid automatized naming was associated with initial reading speed, but not with the training effect. 相似文献
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Sirkka Hirsjärvi Satu Perälä-Littunen 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2001,16(1):87-116
Beliefs have been a topic of considerable interest among researchers in various fields. In this article 71 articles reporting a study on parental beliefs and published in the course of fifteen years (1980–1995) are reviewed. After clarifying the term ‘belief’, the topics and the methodological solutions of the studies are discussed. Throughout the discussion the question of the origins of parental beliefs and the belief — behaviour dilemma are dealt with. Finally, the implications of the findings and suggestions for future research are presented. 相似文献
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Enwald HP Niemelä RM Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S Leppäluoto J Jämsä T Herzig KH Oinas-Kukkonen H Huotari ML 《Health information and libraries journal》2012,29(2):131-140
Objective: To explore through an interdisciplinary approach the potential to tailor health information on the basis of human information behaviour (HIB) on par with the results of basic physiological measurements of individuals’ health. Methods: The data were collected at the baseline of a physical activity and diabetes prevention intervention with 72 prediabetic participants, conducted in Oulu, Finland, by the University of Oulu and Oulu Deaconess Institute in 2010. Body mass index (BMI), fitness classifications and glucose values were obtained from all prediabetic participants. The interest in, the search for and the use of information on nutrition, physical activity and diabetes were examined through a self‐report questionnaire with a response rate of 95.8%. The data were analysed with the SPSS statistics 18 software. Results and conclusions: The study shows that information behaviour of prediabetic individuals differs according to their BMI and fitness level. Poor physical fitness classifications and high BMI values were associated with an increased desire to receive tailored information on nutrition and physical activity frequently. These results add knowledge on the types and preferred frequencies of tailored information. Because of the small sample size, the results should be validated further. 相似文献