Exploring the relationship between physics-related epistemological beliefs and physics understanding     

Christina Stathopoulou  Stella Vosniadou 《Contemporary educational psychology》2007

Three studies are reported that investigated the relationship between secondary school students’ physics-related epistemological beliefs and physics conceptual understanding. Study 1 involved the development of a Greek Epistemological Beliefs Evaluation Instrument for Physics (GEBEP) which was administered to 394 students (10th graders). Study 2 investigated the hypothesis that physics epistemological sophistication as measured by the GEBEP is a good predictor of physics understanding. The participants were selected from the 394 students who participated in Study 1. More specifically we selected the 10% (38) students with the highest scores in the GEBEP (high epistemological sophistication group, HES) and the 10% (38) students with the lowest GEBEP scores (low epistemological sophistication group, LES) and measured their understanding of Newton’s three laws using the Force and Motion Conceptual Evaluation instrument (FMCE) developed by Thornton and Sokoloff (1998). The results showed that the HES group had significantly higher scores in the FMCE than the LES group. Regression analysis showed that beliefs regarding the Construction and Stability of physics knowledge and the Structure of physics knowledge were good predictors of physics understanding. Study 3 re-examined the same hypothesis on a new independent sample of students. The results based on the entire sample, showed again that beliefs regarding the Construction and Stability of physics knowledge predicted physics understanding. Overall, the results suggest that sophisticated physics-related epistemological beliefs are necessary but not sufficient for physics understanding and point to the importance of taking them into consideration in physics education.  相似文献   

Conceptual Change from the Framework Theory Side of the Fence     

Stella Vosniadou  Irini Skopeliti 《Science & Education》2014,23(7):1427-1445

We describe the main principles of the framework theory approach to conceptual change and briefly report on the results of a text comprehension study that investigated some of the hypotheses that derive from it. We claim that children construct a naive physics which is based on observation in the context of lay culture and which forms a relatively coherent conceptual system—i.e., a framework theory—that can be used as a basis for explanation and prediction of everyday phenomena. Learning science requires fundamental ontological, epistemological, and representational changes in naive physics. These conceptual changes take a long time to be achieved, giving rise to fragmentation and synthetic conceptions. We also argue that both fragmentation and synthetic conceptions can be explained to result from learners’ attempts assimilate scientific information into their existing but incompatible naive physics.  相似文献   

The Effects of Mass Media Use and Social Capital on Civic and Political Participation     

Weiwu Zhang  Stella C. Chia 《Communication Studies》2013,64(3):277-297

More recently, many scholars have lamented the decline of social capital, civic and political participation in American society. This study attempts to clarify the concept of social capital and its major components. We differentiate two dimensions of social capital: trust and social connectedness. In addition, we investigate the differential effects of a full range of media use on civic and political participation.

Analysis of data from a telephone survey in Clarksville, Tennessee in 2002 showed that people's social connectedness enhances both civic and political participation. Time spent in reading newspaper and watching public affairs on television was positively correlated with political participation whereas frequency of Internet use and entertainment TV viewing was not. The results also showed no correlation between media use and civic participation. Implications of the findings for future research on democratic citizenship were discussed.  相似文献   

The impact of the hybrid library on strategic management     

Clare Nankivell  Pete Dalton  Stella Thebridge  Andrew Hampson 《New Review of Academic Librarianship》2013,19(1):51-64

This paper examines in detail one aspect of the eLib funded BUILDER hybrid library project ‐ the impact of the BUILDER Project on strategic management within the University of Birmingham. Data was collected from senior managers at the outset and end of the Project to explore their changing views on the concept of the hybrid library and its development, and to identify the extent to which the BUILDER Project had influenced their thinking. Although BUILDER was considered to be having an impact on many Schools, social, political and technological developments in the wider arena were having the most impact. It was acknowledged that the services and technologies developed through the Project would be valuable in supporting the transition towards a hybrid environment, and had worked consistently to do this. The paper sets this data within the broader context of factors influencing change in university strategic management over the past five years.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Stella Lee 《Open Learning》2013,28(2):207-214

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Early Childhood Education and Care Content for the Social Work Curriculum     

Joy Pastan Greenberg  Robert Herman-Smith  Susan F. Allen  Maryah Stella Fram 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(3):308-324

Social workers are poised to play an important role in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings; however, they need the knowledge and skills necessary to make a meaningful contribution. This article presents learning activities that infuse ECEC content, centered on the following four areas for social work education: (1) history of the profession, (2) observation of current practice, (3) culturally competent service delivery, and (4) advocacy to enhance social justice. Through this infusion of content, social work educators can better prepare their students for the growing field of ECEC practice and for social work practice more broadly.  相似文献   

杭州湾城市群热岛时空特征分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李强  周锁铨  向亮  荆大为  顾婷婷  石建红 《科技通报》2009,25(4):395-401,418

利用1970-2006年的常规气象站温度观测数据和Landsat-5 TM影像,选取杭州湾三个地区具有代表性的城市站和乡村站,根据亮度温度计算模型反演三个研究区域的亮度温度,研究杭州湾地区城市热岛效应37年来时间演变特征和空间分布特征.结果表明:(1)杭州湾地区城市热岛效应37年来显著增强.热岛强度以0.13℃/10年的速率加剧.热岛强度在2001年最强.分析三个地区1970-2006年的热岛强度时间演变,杭州地区最强、绍兴地区次之、宁波地区最弱;(2)杭州地区、绍兴地区、宁波地区热岛强度与人口的关系模型,显示相关系数分别为0.8695、0.8366、0.9287,表明城市热岛强度变化与城市人口变化呈线性正相关关系;(3)三个地区城市热岛强度的空间特征表明,绍兴地区的热岛强度明显强于其他两个地区,杭州地区次之,宁波地区最弱.  相似文献   

靶向IL18-EGF融合蛋白的表达及其体外抗肿瘤活性研究     

吕建新  王震  何剪太  张阳德 《科技通报》2009,25(2)

人白介素-18(human interleukin 18,hIL18)基因与表皮生长因子受体干扰序列(EGFloop C sequence,EGF)构建IL18-EGF融合基因,利pET32a/E.coli BL21(DE3)表达IL18-EGF融合基因,通过纯化获得有活性的靶向的IL18-EGF融合蛋白,并进行体外细胞试验评价IL18-EGF融合蛋白的抗肿瘤活性.结果表明IL18-EGF融合蛋白能促进人PBMNC的增殖,诱导KG-1细胞分泌IFN-γ、促进肿瘤抗原诱导的B细胞、NK及其CD4+T细胞的活化.  相似文献   

移动互联网环境下用户账号注销机制研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴任力  吴淑倩 《图书情报工作》2019,63(23):52-64

[目的/意义] 在移动互联网环境下，手机应用（APP）服务商掌握了越来越多的用户数据，注销账号成为用户防止个人信息遭受非法利用的有效手段，账号注销机制的构建对保障用户信息安全具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 在系统调查我国有关法律规定及欧盟GDPR法案的基础上，对国内外主流APP的账号注销机制进行全面梳理，分析其中存在的问题，并提出可行的建设策略。[结果/结论] 提出在覆盖注销前、注销中、注销后三个阶段，由服务商、监管机构和用户三方协作参与的全流程账号注销机制，并指出了面向用户信息安全的管理与服务未来突破与创新的方向。  相似文献   

Transitions,transformations and finding success. A phenomenological analysis of the experiences of a doctoral student in early candidature     

Edwin Creely  Stella Laletas 《高等教育研究与发展》2020,39(3):439-453

ABSTRACT

This article examines and analyses the authentic experiences of a doctoral student, Kate, in the period just prior to Confirmation, an academic milestone in the Australian doctoral education context. The article uses qualitative phenomenological inquiry as the methodology and employs ideas drawn from the writings of hermeneutical phenomenologist, Paul Ricoeur, especially his notions of narrative, self, time, and human agency. These ideas are utilised in order to ‘get inside’ the constructions of self, the strategies of learning and adaptation, and the experiences of being a doctoral candidate within the milieu of an Australian university education faculty. The writers argue that such a close and personal examination of experience and a hermeneutical approach to analysis is important for a deep understanding about how Kate negotiated her way through the hurdles of early candidature and adapted her life and identities towards success. Particular focus is given to Kate’s experiences of transition and change and the formation of her academic identity that emerged out of these experiences, which led to successful negotiation of this early period of candidature. The research findings reported in this article suggest that Kate’s deep reflexivity, enjoyment of her research and sense of her own well-being as a doctoral student are significant for her perseverance through difficult milestones and ultimately her successful completion of her PhD.  相似文献