The relationship of school‐wide Positive Behavior Support to academic achievement in an urban middle school     

Stephen R. Lassen  Michael M. Steele  Wayne Sailor 《Psychology in the schools》2006,43(6):701-712

An emerging literature on school‐wide Positive Behavior Support (PBS) in urban settings suggests the utility of PBS in addressing student social development while decreasing the need for disciplinary actions (i.e., office disciplinary referrals [ODRs]). This research represents a significant addition to, and expansion of, this literature by examining the relationship of school‐wide PBS‐induced reductions in out‐of‐class referrals to student academic achievement. School‐wide PBS was implemented in an urban, inner‐city middle school in the Midwest over a 3‐year period. Data on ODRs, suspensions, standardized test scores, and treatment fidelity were gathered and analyzed. Results demonstrated significant reductions in ODRs and suspensions and increases in standardized math and reading scores. Additionally, regression analyses suggested a significant relationship between student problem behavior and academic performance. Treatment adherence to PBS procedures was significantly correlated with reductions in problem behavior. These findings are discussed in terms of helping urban schools address challenging behavior. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 43: 701–712, 2006.  相似文献   

How much is transferred from training to the job? The 10% delusion as a catalyst for thinking about transfer     

J. Kevin Ford  Stephen L. Yelon  Abigail Q. Billington 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》2011,24(2):7-24

This article explores the common belief that only a small amount of what is taught in a training program is actually transferred to the job. After providing evidence of the source of the generalization and the acceptance of the notion despite the lack of empirical, behavioral evidence, we take the opportunity to examine the likely reasons for that acceptance. We present five questionable assumptions behind the generalization about minimal transfer. Based on this analysis, we offer four practical strategies for planning, assessing, and reporting training transfer. These strategies include investigating and accounting for variables influencing transfer, expanding the definition of use, stating realistic transfer goals, creating specific transfer objectives, describing observable indicators of use, setting quantitative standards of successful transfer, and reporting the complete transfer story. These strategies provide avenues for producing a more accurate picture of the training transfer experience.  相似文献   

HOMOSEXUALITY AND NORMALITY: BASIC KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR SCHOOL CONSULTATION     

Stephen A. Sherblom  Michael W. Bahr 《Journal of educational and psychological consultation》2013,23(1):81-100

In the United States, controversy persists regarding what it means for heterosexuality to be the norm, or more pointedly, what it means for those not strictly heterosexual to be outside the norm. It is important that consultants in schools be aware of the current state of research bearing on homosexuality. Consultation provides a viable approach to assist educators with the questions that students, parents, teachers, and administrators themselves may be asking: What is homosexuality? Is heterosexuality the only natural sexual orientation? Can lesbian, gay, and bisexual people be psychologically healthy? Are the children of lesbian and gay parents “at risk”? Can one become ungay? What about a gay or lesbian teacher? This article explores these questions with particular attention to how consultation may be used to promote educational practices that foster positive school environments for all students.  相似文献   

Student Participation in Politics     

Stephen J. Herzog 《College Teaching》2013,61(3):196-199

Abstract

Modern college classrooms are increasingly diverse. We face classes where 18-year-olds sit beside grandmothers, native speakers of English sit beside speakers of other languages, and Christians, Jews, and Muslims share classrooms with atheists and agnostics. The question is: how do we take such a varied and ideologically differentiated group of pupils and bridge their differences in order to bring them together into a classroom community? Not only is the creation of such a community critical to the success of the classroom, but in a larger sense it is critical as a model for the effective functioning of a democratic society. My purpose is to suggest that the concept of listening rhetoric, as it informs classroom practice, has the potential to serve this goal. Therefore, in this article I will propose practical methods for incorporating the practice of listening rhetoric into college courses.  相似文献   

An Open Letter to the Research Assessment Exercise Panels     

Len Barton  Stephen Rowland  Jon Nixon  Richard Winter  Rob Withers 《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(2)

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Ideological challenges to the social inclusion agenda in the Republic of Ireland     

Stephen O'Brien  Mairtin Ó Fathaigh 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(5-6):593-606

This paper is set against a background of Ireland’s endorsement of a ‘unique’ social partnership model wherein educational policy measures are being shaped by emergent change factors in a so‐called new era of lifelong learning. Despite a number of policy responses focusing on the need for greater social inclusion, the paper highlights how the Irish education system continues to mirror and produce notions of ‘advantage’ and ‘disadvantage’. It is argued that while educational strategies appear extensive in addressing this social stratification, serious questions remain concerning their far‐reaching impact. In particular, the paper points to a critical concern for how notions of ‘disadvantage’ and ‘social exclusion’ are ideationally conceived and used within an Irish policy context. It is contended that the inadequate treatise of this concern impedes real progress towards meeting the needs of disadvantaged groups in society. A case for reassessing the ideological treatment of social exclusion is therefore made in the interest of promoting effective educational measures for social (and cultural) inclusion.  相似文献   

Developing effective beginning teachers through mentor‐based induction     

Stephen H. Fletcher  Adele Barrett 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2013,21(3):321-333

Past research on new teacher induction has focused on changes in retention. Keeping people in the profession is important, but new teachers may need help in learning about curriculum and students in order to be effective instructional leaders. New teachers may also need assistance in learning how to interact with colleagues. We asked new teachers through an on‐line survey what they learned from mentors about curriculum, student diversity and collegiality. In addition, achievement gains of classes taught by new teachers and experienced teachers were compared. The results of the study are discussed in terms of implications for teacher training, organizational change, and data usage by districts.  相似文献   

Management teams and the promotion of staff well‐being   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Stephen Murgatroyd 《School Leadership & Management》2013,33(1):115-121

For several years small primary schools have been threatened with closure and their viability is frequently a subject of much discussion. One of the major issues in this debate, particularly in light of the 1988 Education Reform Act, is whether they can provide an effective education for their pupils due to their size and their mixed age range classes. This article discusses the major arguments related to this issue and draws several important conclusions to guide practice and decision making not only in small schools, but also in all other primary schools where differentiation in teaching and learning methods is now of crucial significance. Supporting evidence is taken mainly from a Teacher Fellowship project funded by West Glamorgan County Council.  相似文献   

Contradictory Views of the Nature of Science Held by a Brazilian Secondary School Physics Teacher: Educational Value of Interviews     

Erika Zimmermann  John K. Gilbert 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2013,19(3):213-234

This paper discusses the bases of a secondary physics teacher’s contradictory conceptions of the nature of science. The data were obtained from a series of four interviews and three months of classroom observation. One of the interviews, a group interview (having as interviewees the subject of this study and four other experienced physics’ teachers), has been shown to be a very powerful way of challenging the teacher’s views, of making him reflect about his ideas, and at the same time of reducing the risk of the interviewer suggesting particular ideas. An analogy to Piaget’s (1929) early methodology supplied a framework with which to categorise the interviewee’s replies. This categorisation has provided information about the bases that underpin the teacher’s different and conflicting views on the nature of science. Résumé Cet article analyse les fondements des conceptions contradictoires d’un professeur de physique de Iycée sur la nature de la science. Les donn?es ont été tirées d’une série de quatre entretiens et de trois mois d’observation en classe. L’un des modes d’entretiens, celui en groupe, au cours duquel les questions ont été posées au professeur sujet de cette étude ainsi qu’à quatre autres professeurs de physique expérimentés, s’est révélé être un moyen très puissant de remettre en question les opinions du professeur, de le faire réfléchir sur ses idées et, en même temps, de réduire le risque lié au fait que celui qui mène l’entretien peut induire des biais. Une analogie avec une des premières méthodologies de Piaget (1929) a permis d’établir une grille qui a servi à classer les réponses des professeurs. Cette classification a fourni des informations qui sont à la base des différences et des contradictions de vue des enseignants sur la nature de la science.  相似文献   

Social capital and geography of learning: Roles in accelerating the spread of integrated pest management     

Florencia G. Palis  Stephen Morin  Mahabub Hossain 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(1-4):27-37

This paper aims to show the relevance of spatial proximity and social capital in accelerating the spread of agricultural technologies such as integrated pest management (IPM). The research was done in response to the problem of slow diffusion of agricultural technologies. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used in investigating the process of sharing and learning of IPM. Results show that social capital in terms of kin networks and spatial proximity such as found among farm neighbours are essential in the learning process and hence, diffusion of IPM among Filipino farmers. Kin networks and farm location are then important considerations in sampling participants strategically for the long-season IPM farmer field schools (FFS).  相似文献