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As the world shrinks and becomes increasingly integrated with regard to the diffusion of technologies, the flow of educated personnel and the requirements both of higher education institutions and of employers, the twin questions of educational mobility and of mobility with regard to employment, are becoming increasingly important. A major barrier to the granting of equivalences is lack of information about the meaning and the value of academic credentials, diplomas, and degrees despite the creation of information centres in various countries and the formulation of various international equivalence agreements, including the Unesco regional conventions on equivalence and the recognition of diplomas and degrees of higher education. Programmes diversify; they undergo rapid change; there ¦ are so many exceptional cases, that general information devices cannot keep up to date. What the authors propose and describe is a supplement to be granted with each diploma, the items within it being sufficiently standardized so as to make the value of each corresponding diploma and credential transparent enough to facilitate the granting of equivalences.  相似文献   
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Gibt es Anzeichen dafür, dass der Trend zum grenzübergreifenden Angebot von Hochschulbildung und zur Gründung hochschulischer Au?enstellen im Ausland die auf gegenseitigem Verst?ndnis und Vertrauen beruhende internationale Hochschulkooperation obsolet macht und sie durch einen internationalen Hochschulwettbewerb ersetzt? Diese Frage wird aus empirisch-deskriptiver Perspektive behandelt. Die Autoren verstehen Globalisierung nicht als eine notwendigerweise mit einem bestimmten Wertesystem verknüpfte kausale Kraft hinter jüngeren Entwicklungstrends, sondern als ein zun?chst lediglich beschreibendes Konzept, dessen Diskussion die sorgf?ltige Analyse der ihm zugrunde liegenden empirischen Prozesse voraussetzt. Unter dieser Grundannahme werten sie erste vorliegende Studien zur Struktur und Ausbreitung der Transnational Education aus und erg?nzen sie um eine Analyse aktueller Entwicklungen hinsichtlich Studienimport und-export in Deutschland. Zudem werden überblicksartig die Implikationen des internationalen Dienstleistungsabkommens GATS für das Hochschulwesen er?rtert. Auf diese Weise kann eine Reihe von Bezügen zwischen etablierten Werten der Internationalisierung und globalisierungstypischen Ph?nomenen im Hochschulwesen ausgemacht werden.  相似文献   
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Mass Higher Education and the Need for New Responses   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Three major challenges for higher education are in the centre of the public debate in Europe. First, expansion of higher education: tertiary education enrolment surpassed 50 percent in Japan, the U.S. and Western Europe, and graduation quotas are above 50, 40 and 30 percent respectively. The expansion triggered feelings of loss exclusiveness, increased pressure for efficiency and quality and stimulated reconsiderations of the modes of diversity in higher education. Second, the spread of new technologies seems to lead not only to a more rapid turnover of knowledge, but also to new learning behaviour of students, a shift of the role of academics towards advisory activities. It also might reinforce standardisation of knowledge, steeper packing order of institutions and a cost explosion. Third, the period of managerial experimentation in higher education might be substituted by a process of sorting out the strengths and limitations of an increased managerial approach in higher education. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   
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Interest in the status and functions, the potential and thevulnerability of the academic profession has grown in recent times.International comparison is of special interest in this context: are theproblems experienced more or less universal, or are there options andconditions in individual countries which might suggest solutions for thefuture? The paper analyses some findings and implications of the‘International Survey of the Academic Profession’ with a special focus onthe various subgroups of academics in the European countries involved inthis empirical study. The analyses focuses on the employment and workingconditions, as well as the way academics handle their various professionaltasks and functions. Considerable differences between the universityprofessoriate, middle-rank and junior staff at universities and staff atother institutions of higher education are noted. At least in the majorityof European countries surveyed, one would hesitate to consider them part ofthe same profession. By and large, however, the relatively independentnature of their jobs allows most academics to find areas of professionalactivity which are the source of professional attachment andsatisfaction.  相似文献   
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The review of major research approaches and themes suggests that research on the relationships between higher education and the world of work has been closely linked during the recent three to four decades to changing themes of policy and practise. There were some indicators of research in this area being an agent of subordination of higher education to the employment system, being quantitative-structurally biased, tending to reproduce the actors' myths and being stuck in the over-education debate. A closer look, however, reveals that the range of research approaches is very broad and that a common core of themes and approaches emerged which provides the opportunity of examining controversial hypotheses. It is finally suggested that research in this area should be based on anticipation of likely changing conditions in the future, e.g. trends towards precarious or flexible employment, towards a mass or abundance paradigm, towards a 'life-long learning society' and towards an 'international' or 'global' labour market.  相似文献   
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欧洲化国际化全球化 -高等学校何处去?   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
在欧洲高等教育的讨论中 ,欧洲化、国际化和全球化的概念看似接近 ,但各有所侧重 ,这些概念背后的观念甚至有很大的不同。本文透过令人眼花缭乱的讨论 ,对这些概念的内涵及其潜在的追求 ,以及相互之间的差别进行了分析 ,指出全球化的说法在很大程度上没有反映出高等教育发展的真实走向  相似文献   
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根据不同的主题领域高等教育研究可被划分为:定量—结构方面,与知识、学科相关的方面,与人相关或与教学相关的方面,以及组织与行政方面等。因此,高等教育研究是涉及教育学、心理学、社会学、政治学、经济学和商学、法律和历史等的跨学科研究。与美国和中国相比,欧洲的高等教育研究较少建立在教育院系基础之上,而是依靠大学里的跨学科研究机构把提高学术质量和相关的政策与实践连接起来。近几年,公众对高等教育研究系统知识的兴趣开始增长,但是从中获利较多的却是那些评估研究、所谓的专家报告以及指标研究等非学术性的高等教育研究。总之,高等教育研究的制度基础在不同的欧洲国家呈现出前所未有的多样化。  相似文献   
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