Multiple Dimensions of Instructional Effectiveness in Reading: A Review of Classroom Observation Studies and Implications for Special Education Classrooms     

Yujeong Park  Mary T. Brownell  Elizabeth F. Bettini  Amber E. Benedict 《Exceptionality》2019,27(1):1-17

The purpose of this study was to review and analyze effective classroom reading practices for early graders, using information gathered from the existing content-general and content-specific observation protocols measuring teachers’ classroom reading practices. Dimensions and constructs from 28 observation studies were synthesized to identify classroom instructional practices that have positive impacts on student achievement. Findings revealed that (a) instructional support, emotional support, and classroom management have positive impacts on student achievement, (b) the degree to which instructional practices are effective depends on students’ particular learning needs, and (c) students’ entering skills and primary language are associated with instructional effectiveness in reading. Challenges and implications for future research on effective instructional strategies for special education and the development of an observational protocol for special education teacher effectiveness are discussed.  相似文献   

Moving Towards a Fair Start: equal gender opportunities and the careers service     

Bob Coles  Mary Maynard 《Gender and education》1990,2(3):297-308

Although there is now a considerable literature on gender inequality in education and employment, there is virtually no research on the Careers Service which provides a bridge between the two. Based on a national survey of all Careers Services conducted in 1987, this paper explores the significance afforded to gender discrimination and the nature and content of equal opportunities policies designed to counter it. It draws attention to the differences in meaning which the term ‘equal opportunities’ can have and to the changing context in which equal opportunities policies now operate.  相似文献   

Parameters in television captioning for deaf and hard-of-hearing adults: effects of caption rate versus text reduction on comprehension     

Burnham D  Leigh G  Noble W  Jones C  Tyler M  Grebennikov L  Varley A 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2008,13(3):391-404

Caption rate and text reduction are factors that appear to affect the comprehension of captions by people who are deaf or hard of hearing. These 2 factors are confounded in everyday captioning; rate (in words per minute) is slowed by text reduction. In this study, caption rate and text reduction were manipulated independently in 2 experiments to assess any differential effects and possible benefits for comprehension by deaf and hard-of-hearing adults. Volunteers for the study included adults with a range of reading levels, self-reported hearing status, and different communication and language preferences. Results indicate that caption rate (at 130, 180, 230 words per minute) and text reduction (at 84%, 92%, and 100% original text) have different effects for different adult users, depending on hearing status, age, and reading level. In particular, reading level emerges as a dominant factor: more proficient readers show better comprehension than poor readers and are better able to benefit from caption rate and, to some extent, text reduction modifications.  相似文献   

Environmental print and word reading     

Virginia Cronin  Denise Farrell  Mary Delaney 《Journal of Research in Reading》1999,22(3):271-282

The nature of the earliest stage of reading was examined by comparing two views about the importance of environmental print in children’s learning experiences. One theory holds that environmental print leads to the acquisition of reading through developing rudimentary representations of specific words and logos, while the second theory concerns assembled phonology and asserts that reading begins with knowing letters and their sounds. Supporters of this theory hold that knowledge of environmental print and logos is reading the environment and may not directly facilitate the acquisition of word reading. Two studies were conducted with non-reading preschool children in which environmental print knowledge was assessed and related to word recognition training. In the first session of each study children were presented with accurate representations of environmental print and logos such as ‘McDonalds’ and ‘Stop’ to find the ones they were able to identify and the ones they failed to identify. In the second session learning trials were conducted with those words from the logos that the children identified and also those that they failed to identify and with matching control words. Both studies found that the words from the known logos were more readily learned than the matching control words, but only in Study 1 were the known logo words learned more readily than the ones the children did not know. The results were discussed in terms of Gibson’s (1969) theory of perceptual learning, and supported the view that environment print and logo knowledge facilitated word reading.  相似文献   

Building student belonging and engagement: insights into higher education students’ experiences of participating and learning together     

Rachel Masika  Jennie Jones 《Teaching in Higher Education》2016,21(2):138-150

Student belonging and engagement has received increased attention in the context of an expanding and more diverse higher education student population. Student retention is regarded as a priority with many universities augmenting their retention strategies to instil a sense of belonging. This article provides insights into first year Business Management students’ experiences of starting their degrees and retention interventions at a university in the South of England. It is based on findings from an ongoing study that applied Wenger's social theory of learning and adopted an appreciative inquiry approach to focus group interviewing to investigate students’ perceptions. Students developed a sense of belonging, constructed learner identities, made sense of their learning and gained confidence, but also experienced instances of tension and frustration that raise questions about the extent to which sociality practices within evolving communities of practice can address diverse engagement and identity development needs and mitigate disengagement.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Linda A. Dove  David Atchoarena  Mary Hamilton  Colin Titmus  Myriam Bacquelaine  Manfred F. Prinz  Sheila M. Haggis  Ian Lister 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1993,39(3):235-248

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Integrating storytelling and quantitative career assessment     

McMahon  Mary  Bimrose  Jenny  Watson  Mark  Abkhezr  Peyman 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2020,20(3):523-542

International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance - Combining quantitative career assessment with narrative career counselling is a career counselling challenge. The Integrative...  相似文献   

Evaluating elements of career planning centers: Eight critical issues     

Mary J. Heppner Ph.D.  Joseph A. Johnston 《Journal of Career Development》1994,21(2):175-183

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Big change question—Taking into account mainstream economic and political trends, can/should school have a role in developing authentic critical thinking?     

Mary Kalantzis  Bill Cope 《Journal of Educational Change》2006,7(3):209-214

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Letter from the Editors     

Michael J. Weiss  Julie Edmunds  Stephanie Jones  Fatih Unlu  Beth Boulay  Luke Miratrix 《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2020,13(1):1-2

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