Systems Thinking and Ecosystemic Psychology     

Ken Tyler 《教育心理学》1996,16(1):21-34

This paper outlines the systems aspects of ecosystemic psychology. The terms ‘system’ and ‘systemic’ have a wide range of meanings and the main purpose of the present paper is to clarify the way in which these terms are used in ecosystemics. A general review of systems theory is provided in order to identify those issues which are relevant to the present discussion. The paper shows that, although social constructionist views are relevant, hermeneu‐tic considerations are far more important in ecosystemic psychology.  相似文献   

The Effects of Two Mindset Interventions on Low-Income Students’ Academic and Psychological Outcomes     

Jill Gandhi  Tyler W. Watts  Michael D. Masucci  C. Cybele Raver 《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2020,13(2):351-379

Abstract

This study examined two widely available light-touch, writing-based mindset interventions: one that targeted students’ purpose for learning and one that aimed to increase students’ growth mindset. In order to examine the potential mechanisms underlying previously reported effects of mindset interventions, we analyzed these interventions’ effects on low-income, ethnic minority adolescents’ academic outcomes, task persistence, task-relevant anxiety, critical motivation, and sense of belonging. Results indicated that the purpose for learning intervention had a small negative impact on students’ self-reported grades the following year, and null results for the other outcomes. The growth mindset intervention was administered one year following the purpose for learning intervention and we found no evidence of treatment impacts on any outcomes. Analyses of treatment impact moderation suggested that certain student characteristics, such as student gender and race could play a role, but most of these tests also presented null results. The primarily null results of both interventions suggest that further study is needed to determine the effectiveness of one-time, self-administered mindset interventions across a variety of contexts and student populations.  相似文献   

Place-based education and pre-service teachers: a case study from India     

Paul Molyneux  Debra Tyler 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(9):877-887

Case studies of successful place-based education that involve international partnerships are rare. This article reports on an inclusive educational collaboration between pre-service teachers at an Australian university and primary and secondary school-aged children in a slum area of Delhi, India. Encouraged to undertake teaching that affirmed and extended the children's existing linguistic and cultural knowledge, the six teacher candidates collaboratively planned and implemented exemplary programmes geared to the children's interests and needs. This highly inclusive teaching and learning took various forms: a photographic project in the community, the collection of family portraits and stories, a dance and drama performance, and rich conversations on topics ranging from popular culture to politics. Using data drawn from observations of teaching, teacher candidate interviews and written reflections, and artefacts of student learning, this article analyses the processes and outcomes of this highly successful teaching. Essential to the success of this initiative was focused preparation that stressed cross-cultural awareness and sensitivity, a rejection of deficit notions about children and families living in slums, knowledge of Indian socio-political complexities, and a commitment to the building of equitable and ethical relationships with the Indian children and NGO staff. It is anticipated that this analysis will inform further attempts at place-based collaboration in the service of quality education.  相似文献   

Electronic media     

Michael C. Keith  Chris Sterling  Susan Tyler Eastman  Gary R. Edgerton 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(4):228-231

RADIO'S NICHE MARKETING REVOLUTION: FUTURESELL by Godfrey W. and Ashley Page Herweg (Boston: Focal Press, 1997‐$37.95, paper, ISBN 0–240–80202–0, 274 pp., figures, bibliography, notes, index)

THE RECORDING INDUSTRY by Geoffrey P. Hull (Boston: Allyn & Bacon “Series in Mass Communication,”; 1998‐$24.00, ISBN 0–205–19689–6, 304 pp., Internet sources list, notes, bibliography, glossary, index)

THE CABLE AND SATELLITE TELEVISION INDUSTRIES by Patrick R. Parsons and Robert M. Frieden (Boston: Allyn & Bacon “Series in Mass Communication,”; 1998‐$24.00, paper, ISBN 0–205–20013–3, 370 pp., diagrams, tables, bibliography, index)

THE BROADCAST TELEVISION INDUSTRY by James R. Walker & Douglas A. Ferguson, with contributions by John F. Long and Kevin Sauter (Boston: Allyn & Bacon “Series in Mass Communication,”; 1998‐$24.00, paper, ISBN 0–205–18950–4, 228 pp., figures, glossary, bibliography, index)

“DENY ALL KNOWLEDGE:” READING THE X FILES edited by David Lavery, Angela Hague, and Maria Cartwright (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press “Television Series,”; 1996‐$45.00/16.95, ISBN 0–8156–2717–3 hard, 0–8156–0407–6 paper, 233 pp., notes, appendix, works cited, index)

MINORITY COMMERCIAL BROADCAST OWNERSHIP IN THE UNITED STATES by NTIA's Minority Telecommunications Development Program (Washington: National Telecommunications and Information Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1997‐price not given, paper, no ISBN provided, 50 pp., tables)

THE BROADCASTER'S GUIDE TO RDS by Scott Wright (Boston: Focal Press, 1997‐$36.95, paper, ISBN 0–240–80278–0, 203 pp., figures, glossary, bibliography, index)  相似文献   

EBSCO's Communication & Mass Media Complete: An Appreciable Improvement Over Previous Communication Studies Indexing?     

David C. Tyler  Signe Boudreau  Katharine C. Potter  Misty Redinbaugh 《Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian》2013,32(4):57-87

ABSTRACT

In a prior edition of this study, we examined whether the established online communication studies indexes—Communication Abstracts, ComIndex, and ComAbstracts—provided a good avenue of access to the journal literature that researchers in the field cite and whether, where the current journal literature was concerned, that avenue of access might be equal or superior to that provided by large, multisubject online indexes. In this iteration of the study, we similarly address EBSCO's new product for communication studies, Communication & Mass Media Complete.  相似文献   

Promoting prime‐time programs in megasporting events     

Susan Tyler Eastman  Gregory D. Newton  Lindsy Pack 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(3):366-388

Analysis of 677 promos for prime‐time series carried within 1993 and 1994 sporting events on the major broadcast networks showed that most on‐air promotion had a modest impact on program shares and ratings: about one‐third of shares went up, over one‐half stayed flat, and less than 10% went down. A six‐part model incorporating lead‐in shares/rating, three structural factors, and two presentational factors collectively accounted for about one‐third of the variance in promoted prime‐time series’ shares and ratings.  相似文献   

A Review of: “The Color of Success: Race and High-Achieving Urban Youth. Gilberto Q. Conchas.”     

D. Brent Edwards Jr.  Derek Tyler 《Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk》2013,18(4):356-363

  相似文献   

E-Mail as Spectroscopy: Automated Discovery of Community Structure within Organizations     

Joshua R. Tyler  Dennis M. Wilkinson  Bernardo A. Huberman 《The Information Society》2013,29(2):143-153

We describe a method for the automatic identification of communities of practice from e-mail logs within an organization. We use a betweenness centrality algorithm that can rapidly find communities within a graph representing information flows. We apply this algorithm to an initial e-mail corpus of nearly 1 million messages collected over a 2-month span, and show that the method is effective at identifying true communities, both formal and informal, within these scale-free graphs. This approach also enables the identification of leadership roles within the communities. These studies are complemented by a qualitative evaluation of the results in the field.  相似文献   

Does MSP Participation Increase the Supply of Math Teachers? Developing and Testing an Analytic Model   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

John H. Tyler  Svetla Vitanova 《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(4):536-561

An important feature of the Math and Science Partnership (MSP) Program of the National Science Foundation is to increase K-12 student achievement in math and science by increasing the quality, quantity, and diversity of the nation's K-12 math and science teachers. Because the underlying supply of math and science teachers is never directly observed, the central premise of this article is that an examination of the extent to which the MSP Program might impact the quantity and quality of math and science teachers requires careful thought and modeling.

With that starting point, this study first develops a model that supports a premise that shifts in underlying supply can be inferred from shifts in the percentage of certified math teachers employed when (a) salaries are constrained to be below market clearing salaries and (b) uncertified or “out-of-field” certified teachers can compete as substitutes for certified math teachers. The study then tests the plausibility of the model using data from Texas and in so doing provides preliminary estimates of the extent to which a school or school district's MSP participation affected the supply of certified math teaches available to that school or district. The results, although inconclusive on the question of the labor supply effects of MSP participation by a school or school district, do suggest the reasonableness of the model for future work when more appropriate data will be available.  相似文献   

Development of Phonological Constancy: 19‐Month‐Olds,but Not 15‐Month‐Olds,Identify Words in a Non‐Native Regional Accent     

Karen E. Mulak  Catherine T. Best  Michael D. Tyler  Christine Kitamura  Julia R. Irwin 《Child development》2013,84(6):2064-2078

By 12 months, children grasp that a phonetic change to a word can change its identity (phonological distinctiveness). However, they must also grasp that some phonetic changes do not (phonological constancy). To test development of phonological constancy, sixteen 15‐month‐olds and sixteen 19‐month‐olds completed an eye‐tracking task that tracked their gaze to named versus unnamed images for familiar words spoken in their native (Australian) and an unfamiliar non‐native (Jamaican) regional accent of English. Both groups looked longer at named than unnamed images for Australian pronunciations, but only 19‐month‐olds did so for Jamaican pronunciations, indicating that phonological constancy emerges by 19 months. Vocabulary size predicted 15‐month‐olds' identifications for the Jamaican pronunciations, suggesting vocabulary growth is a viable predictor for phonological constancy development.  相似文献