The Kettering Report: An Historical Evaluation     

William W. Cutler III 《Educational theory》1977,27(3):241-250

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The political economy and education     

William K. Tabb 《The Urban Review》1972,5(3):29-32

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The “fragmented” pattern of state educational groups revisited: Michigan     

Edward A. Duane  William M. Bridgeland 《The Urban Review》1980,12(3):143-147

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The Japanese Private University   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

William K. Cummings 《Minerva》1973,11(3):348-371

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AN INTEGRATED PROGRAM FOR LEADERSHIP IN TEACHING     

William J. Goldman  Anne May 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1975,22(2):120-125

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Problem and Paradox in Counselor Education     

Robin E. Parsons  William E. McCreary 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1967,6(3):187-190

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Maximal strength and power, muscle mass, endurance and serum hormones in weightlifters and road cyclists   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Izquierdo M  Ibáñez J  Häkkinen K  Kraemer WJ  Ruesta M  Gorostiaga EM 《Journal of sports sciences》2004,22(5):465-478

Maximal strength, power, muscle cross-sectional area, maximal and submaximal cycling endurance characteristics and serum hormone concentrations of testosterone, free testosterone and cortisol were examined in three groups of men: weightlifters (n = 11), amateur road cyclists (n = 18) and age-matched controls (n = 12). Weightlifters showed 45-55% higher power values than road cyclists and controls, whereas the differences in maximal strength and muscle mass were only 15% and 20%, respectively. These differences were maintained when average power output was expressed relative to body mass or relative to muscle cross-sectional area. Road cyclists recorded 44% higher maximal workloads, whereas submaximal blood lactate concentration was 50-55% lower with increasing workload than in controls and weightlifters. In road cyclists, workloads associated with blood lactate concentrations of 2 and 4 mmol.l-1 were 50-60% higher and occurred at a higher percentage of maximal workload than in weightlifters or controls. Basal serum total testosterone and free testosterone concentrations were lower in elite amateur cyclists than in age-matched weightlifters or untrained individuals. Significant negative correlations were noted between the individual values of maximal workload, workloads at 2 and 4 mmol.l-1 and the individual values of muscle power output (r = -0.37 to -0.49), as well as the individual basal values of serum total testosterone and free testosterone (r = -0.39 to -0.41). These results indicate that the specific status of the participants with respect to training, resistance or endurance is important for the magnitude of the neuromuscular, physiological and performance differences observed between weightlifters and road cyclists. The results suggest that, in cycling, long-term endurance training may interfere more with the development of muscle power than with the development of maximal strength, probably mediated by long-term cycling-related impairment in anabolic hormonal status.  相似文献   

Clinical librarians at Barnet Primary Care NHS Trust: addressing the information requirements of clinical governance     

Reid L  Ikkos G  Hopkins W 《Health information and libraries journal》2002,19(1):52-55

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The Aptitude–Achievement Function: An Aid for Allocating Educational Resources, with an Advanced Placement Example     

William Lichten  Howard Wainer 《Educational Psychology Review》2000,12(2):201-228

We fit a functional relationship between aptitude and achievement test scores and show how to use it to allocate educational resources. As an example we use the PSAT–Mathematics test to predict performance on the College Board's Advanced Placement Test in calculus, as a guide to student and school participation, for school or system assessment, and to project future nationwide expansion. In addition to the PSAT-AP test score relations, we consider the distribution of student ability, school policies of student selection and recruitment, and teacher skill in presenting the material and in motivating students. This overall result provides an indication of just how remarkable was Jaime Escalante's accomplishment in Los Angeles's Garfield High School. We find little evidence for differences in educational quality between such diverse schools as in the inner city of Detroit and the affluent suburb of La Cañada, California. We comment briefly on the role of the AP in international assessments.  相似文献   

The ``R's of School Reform' and the Politics of Reforming or Replacing Public Schools     

William Lowe Boyd 《Journal of Educational Change》2000,1(3):225-252

Pressures to reform or replace public schools have flowed from a variety of social trends interacting with a growing perception that the schools are performing poorly or are inadequate for the demands of the new global economy they now face. Since the 1980s, many reforms have been attempted, but with little evidence of real improvement, especially in the education of poor and disadvantaged children. As a result, support is growing, at the very least in elite circles, for more radical reforms that would dramatically alter or even privatize public education. Public educators increasingly recognize the threats they face, but have trouble seizing upon the opportunities these threats present because they challenge fundamental aspects of the paradigm and ideology of public education to which they are wedded. This paper focuses on competing views of the policy problems and possible solutions public educators face in this situation, with particular reference to the experience of school reform efforts in the United States.  相似文献