Developing and validating test items for first-year computer science courses     

Jan Vahrenhold  Wolfgang Paul 《Computer Science Education》2014,24(4):304-333

We report on the development, validation, and implementation of a collection of test items designed to detect misconceptions related to first-year computer science courses. To this end, we reworked the development scheme proposed by Almstrum et al. (SIGCSE Bulletin 38(4):132–145, 2006) to include students’ artifacts and to simultaneously incorporate think-aloud interviews and flash tests. We also investigated to what extent the practical efficiency of detecting certain misconceptions could be increased without significantly affecting the sensitivity of the instrument, and present positive and negative results regarding this goal. The results of a first transfer and implementation study suggest that it is indeed possible to use the test items in a large-scale practical setting – both as diagnostic instruments and as interventions.  相似文献   

Strategies for Selling Paid Content on Newspaper and Magazine Web Sites: An Empirical Analysis of Bundling and Splitting of News and Magazine Articles     

Florian Stahl  Marc-Frederic Sch�fer  Wolfgang Maass 《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(1-2):59-66

More and more newspaper and magazine Web sites offer paid content. However, selling information goods at a price higher than the marginal cost means finding a strategy for product or price differentiation. A possible strategy to solve this problem is the bundling of information goods. In this article, we analyze empirically, with quantitative statistic methods, strategies for selling bundled and unbundled content on newspaper and magazine Web sites. This analysis is based on the theoretical approach of Bakos and Brynjolfsson (1996). The article shows that a cannibalization takes place if the same bundle of information goods is offered in offline (printed) and online (digital) media at the same time. Traditional bundling models work nonetheless in an online media if the online content is rebundled (e.g., as dossiers about a topic), but thereby do not compete with the printed version.  相似文献   

Comprehending conflicting science-related texts: graphs as plausibility cues     

Maj-Britt Isberner  Tobias Richter  Johanna Maier  Katja Knuth-Herzig  Holger Horz  Wolfgang Schnotz 《Instructional Science》2013,41(5):849-872

When reading conflicting science-related texts, readers may attend to cues which allow them to assess plausibility. One such plausibility cue is the use of graphs in the texts, which are regarded as typical of ‘hard science’. The goal of our study was to investigate the effects of the presence of graphs on the perceived plausibility and situation model strength for conflicting science-related texts, while including the influence of readers’ amount of experience with scientific texts and graphs as a potential moderator of these effects. In an experiment mimicking web-based informal learning, 77 university students read texts on controversial scientific issues which were presented with either graphs or tables. Perceived plausibility and situation model strength for each text were assessed immediately after reading; reader variables were assessed several weeks prior to the experiment proper. The results suggest that graphs can indeed serve as plausibility cues and thus boost situation model strength for texts which contain them. This effect was mediated by the perceived plausibility of the information in the texts with graphs. However, whether readers use graphs as plausibility cues in texts with conflicting information seems to depend also on their amount of experience with scientific texts and graphs.  相似文献   

Home Literacy Environment and the beginning of reading and spelling   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Frank Niklas  Wolfgang Schneider 《Contemporary educational psychology》2013

Reading and writing are necessary prerequisites for a successful school career. Therefore it is important to identify precursor variables which predict these abilities early in order to identify children possibly at risk of developing reading or spelling difficulties. Relevant precursors include letter knowledge, phonological awareness (PA), vocabulary, and cognitive abilities. Moreover, also social aspects such as the socioeconomic status of the family (SES), the migration background and the “Home Literacy Environment” (HLE) are of importance. So far, only a few studies are available which analyse the early development of different possible explanatory factors simultaneously in the years before and after school enrolment. In particular, the relative impact of HLE on early and later linguistic competencies in a German context remains unclear. Thus, in our longitudinal study, covering the period from kindergarten to Grade 1, we focused on the role HLE plays in the development of language competencies of 921 German children, compared to the impact of several other important variables.  相似文献   

A locus of control and social distance comparison of Canadian and West Indian-born students     

Aaron Wolfgang  David S. Weiss 《Int J Intercult Relat》1980,4(3-4)

Three hundred and seventy-nine participants were tested in the West Indies and in Canada, with the Rotter Locus of Control Scale and the Wolfgang Interpersonal Distance Test. The results indicated that West Indian adolescent students were more internally controlled than their Canadian counterparts. Also, overall, West Indian students showed more approach behavior toward significant interpersonal figures than Canadian students. In addition, no correlation was apparent between locus of control and social distance, suggesting that they are separate constructs. Implications of the findings for social adjustment of West Indian immigrants in Canada are discussed.  相似文献   

Effiziente Informationssuche im Internet mit Hilfe mobiler Programme     

Wolfgang Theilmann und Kurt Rothermel 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2000,15(4):207-214

Zusammenfassung.   Die Bereitstellung eines pr?zisen, effizienten und m?glichst vollst?ndigen Zugriffs auf aktuelle Informationen im Internet ist eine grundlegende Voraussetzung für die Weiterentwicklung des elektronischen Handels. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie themenspezifische Suchwerkzeuge mit Hilfe mobiler Programme eine solche Bereitstellung leisten k?nnen. Der vorgestellte Ansatz wird durch messdaten-basierte Simulationen sowie anhand einer Fallstudie evaluiert. Eingegangen am 15. Dezember 1999 / Angenommen am 10. April 2000  相似文献   

2. Kuhlmann, Carola. Alice Salomon. Ihr Lebenswerk als Beitrag zur Entwicklung der Theorie und Praxis Sozialer Arbeit
Weinheim: Dt. Studien-Verlag 2000. 373 S. ISBN 3-89271-927-6. Preis: € 34,00     

Wolfgang Schr?er 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2003,6(1):149

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INFORMATION EXCHANGE AND PUBLICATION IN THE FIELD OF HIGHER EDUCATION     

Leland C. Barrows  Wolfgang Vollmann 《Higher Education in Europe》1987,12(1):48-53

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A Place to Protest     

Joy Jenkins  J. David Wolfgang 《Journalism Practice》2017,11(8):960-979

The national media converged on Baltimore, Charleston, and Ferguson, Missouri, in 2014 and 2015 to cover protests in response to police violence toward African American males. Although national and local media covered the events and the aftermath, alternative media sought to provide additional viewpoints and spur readers to respond. This study analyzed the practices, content, and public discourse connected to alternative weekly newspapers in Baltimore, Charleston, and St. Louis. The study examined whether the publications reflected ideal roles of alternative media, including representing different viewpoints, using non-traditional methods of content, and providing a space for the public to challenge systems of power and oppression. The authors also studied the online forums associated with all three publications, including each organization’s website and Facebook page, as potential spaces for alternative publics to emerge around a shared interest in collective action. The publications showed some characteristics of the ideal form of alternative media, but most lacked the diverse voices and critical calls to action needed to represent the normative standard. The discourse the news organizations spurred also fell short of the ideal. The forums lacked rational and critical engagement, and commenters largely failed to promote sincere attempts to engage in community conversation.  相似文献   

Accuracy of elevation recording using sport watches while walking and running on hilly and flat terrain     

Rahel Ammann  Wolfgang Taube  Fabian Kummer  Thomas Wyss 《Sports Engineering》2016,19(4):283-287

Elevation gain (EG) is a significant contributor to the total workload in many endurance sports. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of elevation recording as assessed by popular sport watches. Eighteen participants walked and ran at different speeds in various weather conditions in two terrain types: on a hilly 2490 m course with a total EG of 90 m and on a flat 1200 m outdoor track with 0 m EG. In total, 180 recordings from each sport watch were analyzed and compared according to two processing types: filtered and unfiltered EG data. Compared to the reference values, regarding default settings, on hilly terrain, EG was underestimated by ?3.3 to ?9.8 %, and on flat terrain, EG was overestimated by 0.0–4.8 m per 1200 m. These errors could be reduced to ?3.3 to +0.4 %, when filtering conditions were adjusted according to the terrain. Gait speed (ranging from 1.47 to 4.89 m s^?1) or fluctuations in weather conditions between- or within-trials did not influence EG accuracy. A straightforward comparison between manufacturers is hampered as the filter conditions set by default differ. In conclusion, all devices measure EG adequately; however, the displayed default feedback on EG data is not always the most accurate measurement. Consequently, accuracy in elevation recordings could be increased if users appropriately post-process EG data.  相似文献