Proposals for improving the transition process of young people with intellectual disabilities in Spain: insights from focus groups of professionals,young people and their families     

Maria Pallisera  Montserrat Vilà  Judit Fullana  Montse Castro  Carolina Puyaltó  Gemma Díaz-Garolera 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2018,33(3):287-301

This research aims to present proposals that can improve the transition to adulthood of young people with intellectual disabilities (ID). Four focus groups were set up in three different cities in Spain, each comprising education and social work professionals, people with ID and family members. In total, 32 participants were included in the study. The discussions were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic content analysis. Improvements proposed by participants were organised into six themes: coordination between services and professionals; curricular approaches; participation by young people with ID; peer-relationship networks; family and administration. Participants highlighted the need to make the curriculum more flexible and foster curricular experiences related to social and workplace inclusion, as well as establish more continuity in guidance processes throughout the different stages of education and especially at the end of secondary education. Participants also suggested the need for young people with ID to have a more prominent role in their educational process, and strengthening their social networks by promoting their participation in community activities.  相似文献   

Linking human,technological, and relational assets to technological innovation: exploring a new approach     

Castro  Gregorio Martín-de  Delgado-Verde  Miriam  Amores-Salvadó  Javier  Navas-López  José Emilio 《知识管理研究与实践》2013,11(2):123-132

In a knowledge-based economy, firms' technological innovations represent one of the best ways in order to survive and to achieve firm success. Nonaka and Takeuchi stated that technological innovation is close to firms' intellectual or knowledge asset management, and additional efforts are needed to understand these complex causal relationships. If we can assume that technological innovation causation rarely has a single cause, and that these causes rarely operate in isolation from each other, empirical research needs a new configurational perspective, where the integrity of firms' technological innovations as complex configurations of causal factors are preserved. This way, using a configurational approach, and primary data of 251 technology-based firms based in Spain, this paper explores firms' human, technological, and relational assets configurations and product innovations.

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Dissemination of public health information: key tools utilised by the NECOBELAC network in Europe and Latin America     

De Castro P  Marsili D  Poltronieri E  Calderón CA 《Health information and libraries journal》2012,29(2):119-130

Background: Open Access (OA) to scientific information is an important step forward in communication patterns, yet we still need to reinforce OA principles to promote a cultural change of traditional publishing practices. The advantages of free access to scientific information are even more evident in public health where knowledge is directly associated with human wellbeing. Objectives: An OA ‘consolidation’ initiative in public health is presented to show how the involvement of people and institutions is fundamental to create awareness on OA and promote a cultural change. This initiative is developed within the project NEtwork of COllaboration Between Europe and Latin American Caribbean countries (NECOBELAC), financed by the European Commission. Methods: Three actions are envisaged: Capacity building through a flexible and sustainable training programme on scientific writing and OA publishing; creation of training tools based on semantic web technologies; development of a network of supporting institutions. Results: In 2010–2011, 23 training initiatives were performed involving 856 participants from 15 countries; topic maps on scientific publication and OA were produced; 195 institutions are included in the network. Conclusions: Cultural change in scientific dissemination practices is a long process requiring a flexible approach and strong commitment by all stakeholders.  相似文献   

Variations on variability: effects of display composition on same–different discrimination in pigeons     

Leyre Castro  Edward A. Wasserman  Michael E. Young 《Learning & behavior》2012,40(4):416-426

Discriminating same from different multiitem arrays can be represented as a discrimination between arrays involving low variability and arrays involving high variability. In the present investigation, we first trained pigeons with the extreme values along the variability continuum (arrays containing 16 identical items vs. 16 nonidentical items), and we later tested the birds with arrays involving intermediate levels of variability; we created these testing arrays either by manipulating the combination of same and different items (mixture testing) or by changing the number of items in the same and different arrays (number testing). According to an entropy account (Young & Wasserman, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 23:157?C170, 1997), the particular means of changing variability should have no effect on same?Cdifferent discrimination performance: Equivalent variability should yield equivalent performance. In this critical test of an entropy account, we found that entropy could explain a large portion of our data, but not the entire collection of results.  相似文献   

Relationships of Aggression Subtypes and Peer Status Among Aggressive Boys in General Education and Emotional/Behavioral Disorder (EBD) Classrooms     

Ana Carolina Useche  Amanda L. Sullivan  Welmoet Merk  Bram Orobio de Castro 《Exceptionality》2014,22(2):111-128

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Using early care and education quality measures with dual language learners: A review of the research     

Ellen Peisner-Feinberg  Virginia Buysse  Allison Fuligni  Margaret Burchinal  Linda Espinosa  Tamara Halle  Dina C. Castro 《Early childhood research quarterly》2014

As the number of young dual language learners (DLLs) in early care and education (ECE) programs is increasing, it is critical to examine how well measures of the quality of practices in these settings reflect the needs of the diverse groups of children being served. This review of the research literature addressed these questions for ECE settings serving children birth-five: whether quality differs for settings serving high proportions of DLLs compared to typical samples, whether existing quality measures exhibit similar psychometric characteristics and associations with child outcomes in settings serving DLL and non-DLL children, and whether DLL-specific measures perform differently than general measures of quality. The search procedure produced 10 research studies that met the criteria for inclusion in the review out of approximately 3800 that were found initially and more than 300 that were reviewed. These studies included 10 out of 46 identified measures of ECE quality, including both general and DLL-specific measures. Findings suggested that widely used general ECE quality measures function similarly for DLLs compared to typical populations with regard to overall quality, psychometric characteristics, and child outcomes. Further research is needed to broaden the knowledge base for a wider variety of measures, beyond center-based settings, and beyond Spanish-speaking DLLs, as well as to enhance methodological approaches. There appear to be potential research opportunities through numerous existing studies that included DLL populations but had not analyzed their data in regard to these groups.  相似文献   

The cognitive development of young dual language learners: A critical review   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Raluca Barac  Ellen Bialystok  Dina C. Castro  Marta Sanchez 《Early childhood research quarterly》2014

Dual language exposure and bilingualism are relatively common experiences for children. The present review set out to synthesize the existing research on cognitive development in bilingual children and to identify the gaps and the methodological concerns present in the existing research. A search of major databases for research conducted with typically developing, preschool-age dual language learners between 2000 and 2013 yielded 102 peer-reviewed articles. The existing evidence points to areas of cognitive development in bilingual children where findings are robust or inconclusive, and reveals variables that influence performance. The present review also identifies areas for future research and methodological limitations.  相似文献   

Fenómenos transicionales en el acceso al lenguaje     

Miguel Pérez  Josefa Castro 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(43):13-36

Resumen

Se ha estudiado durante 6 meses el desarrollo de 4 sujetos, que tenían 7, 12, 18 y 21 meses de edad al comienzo de la investigación. Para ello se ha grabado en video a los sujetos mensualmente, durante una hora, en su hogar. También se le han aplicado pruebas de las escalas de desarrollo de Uzgiris y Hunt (1975) para determinar su desarrollo cognitivo.

Sobre los 9 meses los niños ya son capaces de comunicar algunas intenciones, mediante gestos y vocalizaciones. Las funciones que cubren son progresivamente sustituidas y ampliadas por producciones que ya son lingüísticas. La eclosión del lenguaje se manifiesta después de que los niños realizan avances importantes en su desarrollo cognitivo, en el establecimiento de relaciones entre producciones fonéticas y significados intencionales, y en sus conductas comunicativas. Se concluye que, si bien la aparición del lenguaje es preparada por estas formas transicionales y logros anteriores, ninguna de ellas aisladamente permite explicar el empleo sistemático de palabras, que supone un nivel cualitativamente nuevo en la competencia de los niños, resultado de una síntesis creadora de logros precedentes.  相似文献   

Latin America: The battle between borrowing and creating     

Claudio de Moura Castro 《Prospects》1997,27(1):109-122

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How to promote conservation behaviours: the combined role of environmental education and commitment     

Raquel Barata  Paula Castro  Maria Amélia Martins-Loução 《Environmental Education Research》2017,23(9):1322-1334

This study tested the influence of both environmental education (EE) and commitment interventions among teenagers for promoting energy and water conservation at home. Conservation behaviours were measured in two ways – directly and through questionnaires – prior to and after the interventions. Results indicate (1) EE participants may have saved more energy than non-participants and (2) those signing a public commitment saved more energy and water than those who did not. Results from the questionnaire measures demonstrated the importance of EE for promoting ecological self-identity and a personal norm for energy conservation. Based on these results the use of commitment interventions in EE initiatives for promoting conservation behaviours among teenagers is proposed.  相似文献