Energy management using virtual reality improves 2000-m rowing performance     

Charles P. Hoffmann  Alessandro Filippeschi  Emanuele Ruffaldi  Benoit G. Bardy 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(6):501-509

Abstract

Elite-standard rowers tend to use a fast-start strategy followed by an inverted parabolic-shaped speed profile in 2000-m races. This strategy is probably the best to manage energy resources during the race and maximise performance. This study investigated the use of virtual reality (VR) with novice rowers as a means to learn about energy management. Participants from an avatar group (n = 7) were instructed to track a virtual boat on a screen, whose speed was set individually to follow the appropriate to-be-learned speed profile. A control group (n = 8) followed an indoor training programme. In spite of similar physiological characteristics in the groups, the avatar group learned and maintained the required profile, resulting in an improved performance (i.e. a decrease in race duration), whereas the control group did not. These results suggest that VR is a means to learn an energy-related skill and improve performance.  相似文献   

Weiterentwicklung der Rankingsysteme im Reitsport     

Laura Helena Hartmann M. Sc.  Christian Schulz-Wiemann M. Sc.  Prof. Dr. Achim Spiller  Prof. Dr. Jan Gertheiss 《Sportwissenschaft》2014,44(2):99-115

A critical analysis of the existing ranking systems of German and international horse sports could identify weak points with regard to their implicit evaluations of the horses’ performances. This study is aimed at developing a feasible and more performance-related valuation method and comparing it with the existing cumulative ranking systems of the German and international equestrian umbrella organizations. On the one hand, the modeling is based on a method using average points per competition; on the other hand, by considering additional points and drawbacks. We investigated a sample of 50 top-ranked jumping horses and monitored the differences towards the existing ranking systems. The modification proposed results in significant implications on the rankings. The validity in relation to the horses’ performance evaluation could be improved. As a consequence, the interests of different stakeholder groups are better served than before. It is recommended to further develop the existing ranking system accordingly and to analyze a more differentiated placing of points.  相似文献   

Entwicklung konditioneller Fähigkeiten im Erwachsenenalter     

Achim Conzelmann  Olaf Wiertz  Klaus Willimczik 《Sportwissenschaft》1999,29(2):252-256

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Muskuläre Regulation bei ermüdungsinduzierter Vorbelastung im Krafttraining     

Prof. Dr. Hans-Alexander Thorhauer  Sven Michel  Norman Stutzig  Lutz Hoffmann  Falk Werner 《Sportwissenschaft》2010,40(3):182-190

International sport strives for increasing the level of performance in sports. Risks of manipulating the performance are not unusual. At the same time, improvements in science, engineering and data processing offer further opportunities for planning effective, low-risk and year-round training programmes for specific sports. This paper presents new approaches based on the example of techniques for strength training. Selected experimental results highlight the limitations and provide conclusions for the scientific foundation and individualization of high performance training. The approach of “muscle pre-fatigue” is verified in a training study with high jumpers. The statements show how important scientifically controlled analysis is for individual training programmes and what high significance they have for optimizing the training process. These will be essential requirements for a legal improvement of high performance in international sport.  相似文献   

THE DETERMINATION AND EVALUATION OF RESULTS IN THE STUDY PROCESS     

Winfried Hoffmann  Sonja Ulmer  Manfred Widmann 《Higher Education in Europe》1988,13(4):36-42

Student assessment and grading schemes in higher education institutions should be adapted and applied in such a way that they stimulate students to achieve to the utmost of their abilities. It is not sufficient to simply give a grade to a student for a task accomplished or even to give him an average grade for a series of tasks accomplished during a given time period, a semester, for instance. Rather it is necessary to create an action framework of a kind which links the performance dynamic of both students and teachers so as to ensure the accurate determination, evaluation, and analysis of the joint student‐teacher performance behaviour in such a way that the individual procedures subject to evaluation can be grouped into joint procedures which stimulate self‐determination self‐evaluation, and self‐analysis on the part of students, teachers, and eventually, the employers of graduates. The authors have designed two models which illustrate optimum evaluation procedures of the kind which they favour.  相似文献   

Application of flipped classroom pedagogy to the human gross anatomy laboratory: Student preferences and learning outcomes          下载免费PDF全文

Timothy R. Fleagle  Nicholas C. Borcherding  Jennie Harris  Darren S. Hoffmann 《Anatomical sciences education》2018,11(4):385-396

To improve student preparedness for anatomy laboratory dissection, the dental gross anatomy laboratory was transformed using flipped classroom pedagogy. Instead of spending class time explaining the procedures and anatomical structures for each laboratory, students were provided online materials to prepare for laboratory on their own. Eliminating in‐class preparation provided the opportunity to end each period with integrative group activities that connected laboratory and lecture material and explored clinical correlations. Materials provided for prelaboratory preparation included: custom‐made, three‐dimensional (3D) anatomy videos, abbreviated dissection instructions, key atlas figures, and dissection videos. Data from three years of the course (n = 241 students) allowed for analysis of students' preferences for these materials and detailed tracking of usage of 3D anatomy videos. Students reported spending an average of 27:22 (±17:56) minutes preparing for laboratory, similar to the 30 minutes previously allocated for in‐class dissection preparation. The 3D anatomy videos and key atlas figures were rated the most helpful resources. Scores on laboratory examinations were compared for the three years before the curriculum change (2011–2013; n = 242) and three years after (2014–2016; n = 241). There was no change in average grades on the first and second laboratory examinations. However, on the final semi‐cumulative laboratory examination, scores were significantly higher in the post‐flip classes (P = 0.04). These results demonstrate an effective model for applying flipped classroom pedagogy to the gross anatomy laboratory and illustrate a meaningful role for 3D anatomy visualizations in a dissection‐based course. Anat Sci Educ 11: 385–396. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

Integrating Research into LIS Field Experiences in Academic Libraries     

Selinda Adelle Berg  Kristin Hoffmann  Diane Dawson 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2009,35(6):591-598

Field experiences function as a link between LIS theory and practice. Students should be provided with an experience that is a true reflection of the professional environment. The increasing focus on research by academic librarians provides an opportunity and responsibility to integrate research into the field experiences of LIS students.  相似文献   

Woollard,John (2011) Psychology for the classroom: E‐learning Routledge (New York & London) isbn 978‐0‐415‐59093‐8 135 pp £19.99http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415590938/     

Melissa Hoffmann PhD  William Brescia PhD 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2012,43(4):E140-E141

With its thorough review of the uses of relevant techniques in education, this provides useful information for educators. It covers research, theory, pedagogy, and strategies for using e‐learning. If the content of this book is likely to be relevant to you, we recommend you borrow a copy for a while. Melissa Hoffmann & William Brescia  相似文献   

The Student Cheater     

Evelyn Shirk  R. W. Hoffmann 《College Teaching》2013,61(2):79-81

There is conflicting evidence on the effect of seat location on student performance and participation in the classroom. The two major hypotheses are (1) that seat location influences student behavior and (2) that seat preference and selection is associated with personality traits of students. This study evaluated both hypotheses within a 55 student senior nutritional biochemistry class. Alternating every other seat, half of the class was randomly assigned a permanent seat while the other half was randomly reassigned a different seat each class period. Students sitting in the front of the classroom in the stay group made significantly more comments per student per day than stay group students in the back, in agreement with other studies. The move group, however, showed increased overall participation with no significant difference between the front and back of the classroom. Findings suggest a more flexible explanation—that students may adopt or reject an implied social role in which seat location and personality traits are influential factors.  相似文献   

Biochemistry in Wartime: The Life and Lessons of Adolf Butenandt, 1936–1946     

Achim Trunk 《Minerva》2006,44(3):285-306

This essay discusses the wartime work of one of the world’s leading biochemists, the Nobel Prize winner, Adolf Butenandt. It describes the influence of the war on Butenandt’s Institute, and considers his role as a representative figure in the collusion of science, government, and the military in Nazi Germany.Achim Trunk is a biologist and historian who specializes in the history of the life sciences. He studied at the University of Cologne, and now works at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Science, where he is editing the scientific and medical papers of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Between 2001 and 2004, he was a member of the Berlin team that studied the history of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society during National Socialism. As part of that work, he coordinated the working party on Adolf Butenandt.  相似文献