Pretending to Be Japanese: Artistic Play in a Japanese-American Church and Family     

Courtney T. Goto 《Religious education (Chicago, Ill.)》2013,108(4):440-455

This article highlights the potential of symbols, specifically those David Tracy calls “religious classics,” to anchor both dialogue among people of differing beliefs and the formation of young people by their religious communities. Symbols present a particularly propitious focal point for such dialogue because of (1) the congruence of symbolic expression with the dynamics of human cognition and (2) the suitability of this mode of expression to the present cultural context. A dramatic example illustrates the process of shared reflection on classic religious symbols through which and for which religious communities should form their youth for responsible participation in public spaces.  相似文献   

Young learners’ interactional development in task-based paired-assessment in their first and foreign languages: a case of English learners in China     

Yuko Goto Butler  Wei Zeng 《Education 3-13》2013,41(3):292-321

In response to the growing interest in evaluating young learners’ foreign language (FL) performance, this study aims to deepen our understanding of young learners’ developmental differences in interaction during task-based paired-language assessments. To examine age effects separately from the effect of general language proficiency, we analysed learners’ interaction in both their first language (L1) and FL. We observed the students as they engaged in an assessment consisting of a set of decision-making tasks with their peers. After each task, the students self-assessed their performance. We found differences in interactions across grade levels in both L1 and FL with respect to holistic interactional patterns, topic development, and turn-taking patterns. The students’ understanding of communicative interactive tasks also appeared to differ between grade levels, perhaps reflecting their experiential differences with communicative tasks in class. The paper concludes with implications for implementing task-based paired-language assessments for young learners.  相似文献   

A three-dimensional analysis of the contributions of upper limb joint movements to horizontal racket head velocity at ball impact during tennis serving     

Satoru Tanabe  Akira Ito 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(3):418-433

In this study, we examined the relationship between upper limb joint movements and horizontal racket head velocity to clarify joint movements for developing racket head speed during tennis serving. Sixty-six male tennis players were videotaped at 200 Hz using two high-speed video cameras while hitting high-speed serves. The contributions of each joint rotation to horizontal racket velocity were calculated using vector cross-products between the angular velocity vectors of each joint movement and relative position vectors from each joint to the racket head. Major contributors to horizontal racket head velocity at ball impact were shoulder internal rotation (41.1%) and wrist palmar flexion (31.7%). The contribution of internal rotation showed a significant positive correlation with horizontal racket head velocity at impact (r = 0.490, P < 0.001), while the contribution of palmar flexion showed a significant negative correlation (r = ? 0.431, P < 0.001). The joint movement producing the difference in horizontal racket head velocity between fast and slow servers was shoulder internal rotation, and angular velocity of shoulder internal rotation must be developed to produce a high racket speed.  相似文献   

Conflict resolution styles among COLLECTIVIST cultures: a comparison between Japanese and Koreans     

Akira Miyahara  Min-Sun Kim  Ho-Chang Shin  Kak Yoon 《Int J Intercult Relat》1998,22(4):60

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Effect of a combination of astaxanthin supplementation,heat stress,and intermittent reloading on satellite cells during disuse muscle atrophy     

Toshinori Yoshihara  Takao Sugiura  Nobuyuki Miyaji  Yuki Yamamoto  Tsubasa Shibaguchi  Ryo Kakigi  Hisashi Naito  Katsumasa Goto  Daijiro Ohmori  Toshitada Yoshioka 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2018,19(11):844-852

We examined the effect of a combination of astaxanthin (AX) supplementation, repeated heat stress, and intermittent reloading (IR) on satellite cells in unloaded rat soleus muscles. Forty-nine male Wistar rats (8-week-old) were divided into control, hind-limb unweighting (HU), IR during HU, IR with AX supplementation, IR with repeated heat stress (41.0–41.5 °C for 30 min), and IR with AX supplementation and repeated heat stress groups. After the experimental period, the antigravitational soleus muscle was analyzed using an immunohistochemical technique. Our results revealed that the combination of dietary AX supplementation and heat stress resulted in protection against disuse muscle atrophy in the soleus muscle. This protective effect may be partially due to a higher satellite cell number in the atrophied soleus muscle in the IR/AX/heat stress group compared with the numbers found in the other groups. We concluded that the combination treatment with dietary AX supplementation and repeated heat stress attenuates soleus muscle atrophy, in part by increasing the number of satellite cells.  相似文献   

Kinetics of throwing arm joints and the trunk motion during an overarm distance throw by skilled Japanese elementary school boys     

Yasuto Kobayashi  Michiyoshi Ae  Akiyo Miyazaki  Norihisa Fujii  Akira Iiboshi  Hideki Nakatani 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2016,15(3):314-328

The purpose of this study was to investigate joint kinetics of the throwing arms and role of trunk motion in skilled elementary school boys during an overarm distance throw. Throwing motions of 42 boys from second, fourth, and sixth grade were videotaped with three high-speed cameras operating at 300 fps. Seven skilled boys from each grade were selected on the basis of throwing distance for three-dimensional kinetic analysis. Joint forces, torques, and torque powers of the throwing arm joints were calculated from reconstructed three-dimensional coordinate data smoothed at cut-off frequencies of 10.5–15 Hz and by the inverse dynamics method. Throwing distance and ball velocity significantly increased with school grade. The angular velocity of elbow extension before ball release increased with school grade, although no significant increase between the grades was observed in peak extension torque of elbow joint. The joint torque power of shoulder internal/external rotation tended to increase with school grade. When teaching the overarm throw, elementary school teachers should observe large backward twisting of trunk during the striding phase and should keep in mind that young children, such as second graders (age 8 years), will be unable to effectively utilise shoulder external/internal rotation during the throwing phase.  相似文献   

Teacher Internship and the Culture of Teaching in Japan     

Nobuo K. Shimahara  Akira Sakai 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》1992,13(2):147-162

Japan's teacher internship was a hotly debated political issue for three decades until the legislature finally approved its implementation in 1988. The aim of this paper is to explore how the culture of teaching mediated the implementation of the government‐sponsored teacher internship. The data presented in this paper come from ethnographic research conducted in 1989 with a focus on three elementary public schools in Tokyo. Our findings suggest that the culture of teaching measurably influenced the administration of internship in the first year. As a result, internship became ineffective if measured by the Government's expectations. This paper argues that the Government's reform, of teaching is bound to be ineffectual without classroom teachers’ active support for it.  相似文献   

On Being Caught Enacting White Normativity     

Courtney T. Goto 《Religious education (Chicago, Ill.)》2019,114(3):349-361

Abstract

When a predominantly white organization decides to take on white normativity, it is cause for hope. However, havoc ensues when well-intended folks are caught enacting white normativity. Taking a performativity-inspired approach, this article analyzes what happened at the 2018 Religious Education Association annual meeting. By examining the behavior of conference leaders and participants, the author reflects on a series of steps and painful missteps that dramatize dynamics of race and power. This study considers what actors are enacting in relation to one another, considering the legacies of racism that tacitly guide our relating across race.  相似文献   

Politics,state and Church: forming the National Society 1805–c.1818     

Akira Iwashita 《History of education》2018,47(1):1-17

This article explores the process of the formation of ‘the National Society for Promoting the Education of the Poor in the Principles of the Established Church’ through focusing on disagreements amongst its promoters. It demonstrates that a discrepancy existed in the opinions of Anglican promoters concerning what an Anglican national institution should be like, and that the formation of the National Society was a process of compromise between these promoters. The formation and the first phase of operation of the society show that the National Society can be regarded as a more liberal and comprehensive organisation than earlier literature has suggested. The study also shows that the formation and early operation of the National Society can be seen as a forgotten origin of the liberal education policy founded in the 1830s.  相似文献   

短跑道速滑起跑动作及肌电图分析     

俞劲楠  伊藤章  吉井健悟 《山西师大体育学院学报》2010,25(1):119-121

运用三台高速摄影机对三名优秀女子短道速度滑冰运动员起跑动作进行解析分析。研究表明：在起跑过程中股关节始终保持着外转位,在整个身体倾斜的状态下发挥着蹬冰力,臀中肌在这样的动作中起到了决定性的作用。在肌电图的解析中,利用足关节的屈曲动作既完成了移动身体重心又保持了身体前倾,在这样的状态下进行蹬冰的过程中,胫骨前肌起到了极其重要的作用。因此,对臀中肌及胫骨前肌,应采取积极的训练。  相似文献