The Usefulness of Saturated Salt Solution Embalming Method for Oral Surgical Skills Training: A New Cadaveric Training Model for Bone Harvesting     

Masato Watanabe  Yuya Yoneyama  Hayato Hamada  Michihide Kohno  On Hasegawa  Hidetoshi Takahashi  Yoko Kawase-Koga  Akira Matsuo  Daichi Chikazu  Shinichi Kawata  Masahiro Itoh 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(5):628-635

The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of saturated salt solution-embalmed cadavers for oral surgical skills training related to bone graft harvesting. Two half-day surgical skills training workshops were held at the Tokyo Medical University utilizing eight cadavers embalmed with the saturated salt solution. A total of 22 participants including oral surgeons, residents, and dentists attended the workshop. Surgical training consisted of six procedures related to intraoral and extraoral bone harvesting. The participants were surveyed to assess self-confidence levels for each surgical procedure before and after completion of each workshop. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the differences between each median score before and after the workshop. There were statistically significant increases in the self-assessed confidence scores in bone harvesting procedures for the zygomatic bone (P = 0.003), maxillary tuberosity (P = 0.002), and other sites (P < 0.001). The anatomical features of saturated salt solution-embalmed cadavers were also examined. The textures of the oral mucosa and skin were similar to those of living individuals. The structure of bone tissues was well-preserved and the hardness was realistic. Consequently, all procedures were performed with sufficient realism. The saturated salt solution method has a relatively low cost of preparation and storage, and almost no odor. The authors suggest that saturated salt solution-embalmed cadavers could provide a new model for oral surgical skills training in bone harvesting.  相似文献   

Mediating effect of aerobic fitness on the association between physical activity and academic achievement among adolescents: A cross-sectional study in Okinawa,Japan     

Akira Kyan  Masaya Miyagi 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(11):1242-1249

The purpose of this study was to examine the potential role of aerobic fitness (AF) as a mediator of the association between physical activity (PA) and academic achievement (AA) among Japanese junior high school students. A cross-sectional data was collected from 608 7th grade students enrolled at five public junior high schools in two suburban municipalities in Okinawa, Japan. Self-reported PA was assessed using the Patient-Centred Assessment and Counselling for Exercise plus Nutrition questionnaire. The 20-meter shuttle run test was performed to determine AF. AA was evaluated using the overall grade point average. Family structure, parental education level, and achievement motives were the self-reported covariates. The results of the bootstrapped mediation analysis indicated that PA had a direct effect on AF, which in turn influenced the AA among boys. After adjusting for AF, the association between PA and AA disappeared while the association of AF with AA still remained. However, neither PA nor AF was associated with the AA of girls. Therefore, the hypothesis that AF might mediate the relationship between PA and AA was supported for boys. Promoting AF, as a result of engaging to PA could positively influence AA particularly in boys.  相似文献   

Physical activity levels in American and Japanese men from the ERA-JUMP Study and associations with metabolic syndrome     

Naoko Sagawa  Bonny Rockette-Wagner  Koichiro Azuma  Hirotsugu Ueshima  Takashi Hisamatsu  Tomoko Takamiya  Aiman El-Saed  Katsuyuki Miura  Andrea Kriska  Akira Sekikawa 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(2):170-178

Background:Metabolic syndrome(MetS) is a global health problem.Physical activity(PA) is a known modifiable risk factor for MetS and individual MetS components.However,the role of PA could differ between sub-populations due to differences in the variability of PA and other MetS risk factors.To examine these differences,multi-country studies with standardized outcome measurement methods across cohorts are needed.Methods:Cross-sectional PA levels(total and domain specific) in healthy middle-aged(44-56 years) men in the Risk Factor Assessment among Japanese and U.S.Men in the Post-World War Ⅱ Birth Cohort(ERA-JUMP) Study(n=730;American:n=417;Japanese:n=313;from population-representative samples in Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,USA,and Kusatsu,Shiga,Japan) were compared.The relationships between PA levels and MetS(overall and specific components) in/across the American and Japanese sub-cohorts(adjusting for age,smoking,and alcohol consumption)were also assessed using the same instruments(pedometer and validated questionnaire) to measure PA in both cohorts.Results:A total of 510 individuals provided complete data on PA(American:n=265;Japanese:n=245).The American cohort had significantly lower mean±SD steps/day(7878±3399 steps/day) vs.the Japanese cohort(9055±3797 steps/day)(p <0.001) but had significantly higher self-reported moderate-vigorous leisure PA(American:15.9(7.4-30.3) metabolic task equivalent hours per week(MET-b/week) vs.Japanese:4.0(0-11.3) METh/week,p <0.0001).In both sub-cohorts,each 1000 steps/day increase was associated with lower odds of having MetS(American:OR=0.90,95%CI:0.83-0.98;Japanese:OR=0.87,95%CI:0.79-0.95) and the individual MetS component of high waist circumference(American:OR=0.86,95%CI:0.79-0.94;Japanese:OR=0.87,95%CI:0.80-0.95).In the American cohort only,higher self-reported leisure PA(Met-b/week) was associated with lower odds of MetS and high waist circumference(OR=0.98,95%CI:0.97-0.99 for MetS and waist circumference,respectively).Conclusion:Higher total step counts/day had an important protective effect on MetS prevalence in both the Japanese and American cohorts,despite differences in PA levels and other MetS risk factors.The effect of steps/day(across all intensity levels) was much greater than domainspecific moderate-vigorous PA captured by questionnaire,suggesting the need for measurement tools that can best capture total movement when examining the effects of PA on MetS development.  相似文献   

A three-dimensional analysis of the contributions of upper limb joint movements to horizontal racket head velocity at ball impact during tennis serving     

Tanabe S  Ito A 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2007,6(3):418-433

In this study, we examined the relationship between upper limb joint movements and horizontal racket head velocity to clarify joint movements for developing racket head speed during tennis serving. Sixty-six male tennis players were videotaped at 200 Hz using two high-speed video cameras while hitting high-speed serves. The contributions of each joint rotation to horizontal racket velocity were calculated using vector cross-products between the angular velocity vectors of each joint movement and relative position vectors from each joint to the racket head. Major contributors to horizontal racket head velocity at ball impact were shoulder internal rotation (41.1%) and wrist palmar flexion (31.7%). The contribution of internal rotation showed a significant positive correlation with horizontal racket head velocity at impact (r = 0.490, P < 0.001), while the contribution of palmar flexion showed a significant negative correlation (r = - 0.431, P < 0.001). The joint movement producing the difference in horizontal racket head velocity between fast and slow servers was shoulder internal rotation, and angular velocity of shoulder internal rotation must be developed to produce a high racket speed.  相似文献   

近代温州与台湾的航运关系     

松浦章  杨蕾 《温州大学学报(社会科学版)》2010,23(2)

通过对海关报告、地方志、领事报告、新闻报道等史料的分析,探讨了台湾在清朝统治时期和日本占领时期与温州之间的航运和贸易情况.清代以来,温州利用帆船航海的便利,发展了与台湾的航运和贸易关系,其中以戎克船(清式中国帆船)为媒介的猪、米贸易在温-台贸易中占了相当大的比例.温州米产量不多,从米作丰富的台湾输入米谷以补充本地的不足.而台湾民众日常饮食结构中占有一定比例的猪肉则有较大一部分来自温州及附近地区.  相似文献   

The competitive environment of academic productivity and the academic research enterprise in the case of Japan     

Akira Arimoto 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2009,10(1):29-46

This article deals with the various problems related to the given title from four sections. Section “Social function of the academic research enterprise (ARE)” focuses on three problems: Framework of the research on the ARE; Functions of the graduate school in the ARE; and Centers of learning and Japanese ARE. Section “Structure of ARE” discusses two problems: Structure of social stratification and the structure of ARE in the policy framework for the current ARE. Section “Social condition of ARE” argues over three problems: Social condition of the ARE; The effects of change of national policy on the ARE; and National government policy for the ARE in the postwar period. Section “The impacts of the national government policies on ARE” treats three problems: Trend of the recent national government policy on the ARE; Some unintended effects of the policies; and Discussion of proposals for reform. These discussions lead to concluding remarks.  相似文献   

LQ preview state feedback with output regulation constraint     

Kotaro Hashikura  Jad Musaddiq Bin Jaafar  Akira Kojima  Md Abdus Samad Kamal  Kou Yamada 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2021,358(1):474-493

This paper addresses the output regulation problem for a class of preview control systems, and derives a state feedback law which suppresses the steady-state error caused by the excitation from polynomial or sinusoidal exogenous inputs. Recently, the output regulation condition for the broader class of distributed parameter systems is characterized via the operator regulator equation. We show that a solution of the operator regulator equation specialized to the preview control system is obtained by solving the matrix regulator equation, and provide the state feedback law which attenuates the transient error optimally with respect to an LQ (Linear Quadratic) performance index.  相似文献   

A comparison of influence strategies utilized by managers in American and Japanese organizations     

Randy Y. Hirokawa  Akira Miyahara 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(3):250-265

This study is a preliminary investigation of computer‐mediated communication (CMC) as a functional alternative to face‐to‐face communication. We examined the relationships between motives for using the Internet as a CMC channel and motives for face‐to‐face interactions as well as the influence of locus of control and communication apprehension as antecedents of face‐to‐face and mediated interactions. We surveyed a sample (N=132) of Internet users and tested the hypothesis that no differences exist between CMC and interpersonal communication motives (i.e., that they would be functional alternatives). We also used MANOVA and ANOVA procedures to see if main and interaction effects existed for high and low locus of control and high and low CMC apprehension respondents on interpersonal and media motives. Results indicated CMC Apprehension main effect differences for communication motives, and that use of the Internet as a communication channel is not perceived as a functional alternative to face‐to‐face communication.  相似文献   

Film Books     

Akira Kurosawa  Joseph McBride  Ruth McCormick  G.K. Hall  Michael Haley  James Curtis 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(9-10):112-113

Akira Kurosawa, SOMETHING LIKE AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982---$15.00)

Joseph McBride, HAWKS ON HAWKS (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982---$14.95/$6.95)

Ruth McCormick's (trans.) FASSBINDER(New York: Tanem Press, 1981---$15.95/$7.95)

“Twayne's Theatrical Arts Series”

G.K. Hall “Reference Publications in Film” series (Boston: G.K. Hall, l981---prices shown below)

Michael Haley, THE ALFRED HITCHCOCK ALBUM (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1981---$17.95)

James Curtis, BETWEEN FLOPS: A BIOGRAPHY OF PRESTON STURGES (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1982---$15.95)  相似文献   

Beyond the Black–White Binary of U.S. Race Relations: A Next Step in Religious Education     

Courtney T. Goto 《Religious education (Chicago, Ill.)》2017,112(1):33-45

Abstract

Many if not most people in the academy as well as the public sphere tend to regard race and racism in the United States in terms of a default frame of reference (i.e., a paradigm): the black–white binary. Although this frame is constructive as well as compelling, it displays serious liabilities. This article outlines, for religious educators, nine expressions of the black–white paradigm—three variations of the binary, three approaches from black studies/theology, and three models that express efforts to transcend binary thinking. A concluding comparative exercise illustrates how participants may discern, address, and ideally revise the paradigm.  相似文献