排序方式： 共有41条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Research Findings: This study investigates contributions of the preschool classroom interpersonal environment to students’ social competence in 1st grade. Participants were 862 ethnically/racially diverse children who attended public preschool classrooms serving low-income families. Systematic observations of 60 classrooms occurred across the preschool year and quantified teacher and student behaviors. Preschool and 1st-grade teachers provided reports of children’s social behavior. First-grade teachers also assessed children’s problem behaviors. Multilevel analyses indicated that at the end of 1st grade, students who experienced preschool settings with teachers who displayed more approving behavior, less disapproving behavior, and more positive emotional tone showed significant gains in positive social behavior and lower rates of problem behavior, even after students’ social skills at preschool entry were controlled. Greater gains in positive social behavior and fewer problem behaviors in 1st grade were also predicted by immersion in preschool classrooms that had more positive and cooperative interactions among peers. Practice or Policy: Universal preschool is a policy under consideration nationally and locally, with social competence often listed as an important goal. This study indicates that even in the absence of a particular social-emotional curriculum, preschool teachers’ behaviors and interactions among their students may have lasting implications for children’s social development. 相似文献
32.
This article summarizes the findings of research studies designed to improve the comprehension of expository text for students with learning disabilities. Twenty-nine studies were located that met the inclusion criteria. Interventions gleaned from the review were categorized as content enhancement (i.e., advance and graphic organizers, visual displays, mnemonic illustrations, and computer-assisted instruction) or cognitive strategy instruction (i.e., text structure, main idea identification, summarization, questioning, cognitive mapping, reciprocal teaching). Treatment outcomes are discussed in relation to the various instructional approaches, student characteristics (e.g., grade, IQ), instructional features (e.g., materials, treatment length), methodological features, strategy maintenance, and generalization components. Implications for classroom practice and future research directions are provided. 相似文献
33.
Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) play a key role in standardised testing and in-class assessment. Research into the influence of within-item response order on MCQ characteristics has been mixed. While some researchers have shown preferential selection of response options presented earlier in the answer list, others have failed to replicate these results. This paper investigates a possible explanation for these mixed findings by assessing the influence of distractor strength on MCQ response order effects. A real-world assessment was administered to 232 undergraduates in which the response order within items was systematically varied. A generalised multilevel model was then used to show a significant interaction between distractor strength and response position with regard to response behaviour. Furthermore, the effect was found to be independent of student ability. These findings have implications for MCQ test construction, minimising the negative consequences of MCQ test exposure and promoting improved test-taking strategies. 相似文献
34.
P. Sabitha Kannan Vaidyanathan D. M. Vasudevan Prakash Kamath 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(1):76-81
In this study, we compared the lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes of normal and diabetic subjects consuming two different
types of oil as cooking medium. 70 normal, healthy subjects were taken as controls and 70 subjects with Type 2 diabetes were
recruited in patient group. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups of 35 subjects each, consuming coconut oil
and sunflower oil respectively as cooking medium. Samples of blood were collected and analyzed for serum total cholesterol,
triacylglycerols, and cholesterol in lipoprotein fractions. Total glutathione and glutathione peroxidase were measured in
erythrocytes and superoxide dismutase in serum. Triacylglycerols, LDL and VLDL cholesterol levels were high in the diabetic
subjects compared to the controls. Total glutathione and glutathione peroxidase values showed significant decrease in diabetic
subjects as compared to the controls, while superoxide dismutase values showed significant difference between coconut oil
consuming groups. Though lipid profile parameters and oxidative stress were high in Type 2 diabetic subjects compared to controls,
no pronounced changes for these parameters were observed between the subgroups (coconut oil vs. sunflower oil). 相似文献
35.
V. M. Baikar M. V. Kamath C. Vishwanathan A. M. Varadkar S. E. Bharmal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(1):80-86
TMAE-Fractogel 650 (M) (Trimethylaminoethyl) is an ion exchange medium can be used to capture factor VIII (F VIII) directly
from plasma. Previous reports have focused on the use of DEAE-Fractogel 650 (M) (Dimethylaminoethyl) ion exchange medium to
capture F VIII from cryoprecipitate and plasma. Our main objectives were (I) to standardise the purification of FVIII from
human plasma by column chromatographic technique. (II) to study the recovery of FVIII activity in purified fraction at 18–20°C
process condition. (III) to study the effect of virucidal step on recovery of FVIII activity and (IV) to study the effect
of lyophilisation on FVIII activity. In this report, Citrate Phosphate Dextrose (CPD) plasma was batch stirred with dry DEAE-Sephadex
A50, filtered, diluted, loaded on to a column packed with TMAE-Fractogel and chromatographed. Most of the unwanted proteins
flowed through the gel unadsorbed. Bound F VIII was eluted by increasing the ionic strength of the buffer. This purification
step gave an overall 80% recovery from the plasma with a specific activity of 0.97 IU FVIII/mg protein. The purified F VIII
fraction was made virus safe by employing the virucidal technique developed by New York Blood Centre (NYBC). There was 48.43%
loss of FVIII activity in Virus inactivation treatment and the loss of FVIII activity in lyophilisation was 8.45% which is
acceptable. This method of purification gave a higher yield of FVIII than cryoprecipitation, and is a promising alternative
method to cryoprecipitation of F VIII. 相似文献
36.
Guruprasad Rao Ullas Kamath Chaerkadi Raghothama K. Sujatha Pradeep Pragna Rao 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):80-86
The present study demonstrates the incidence of increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in both maternal and fetal
erythrocytes as markers of oxygen radical activity in different complications of pregnancy. In fetuses born after premature
rupture of membranes, lipid peroxidation was significantly elevated as indicated by increased malondialdehyde levels (p<0.05)
as compared to controls. Proteolytic activity in the erythrocytes of mothers in this group was also significantly high (p<0.01).
In patients delivered by lower segment cesarian section, lipid peroxidation and proteolytic activity in maternal erythrocytes
were significantly high (p<0.05 and p<0.001 respectively). In patients with prolonged second stage of labour, lipid peroxidation
and proteolytic activity in maternal erythrocytes was significantly higher than in controls (p<0.001 and p<0.05 respectively).
In this group, endogenous protein damage due to oxidative stress was significantly high both in the mother and the fetus (p<0.001
and p<0.05 respectively). 相似文献
37.
Green cutting has become focus of attention in ecological and environmental protection. Steam is cheap, poilution-free and eco-friendly, and then is a good and economical coolant and lubricant. Steam generator and steam feeding system were developed to generate and feed steam. Comparative experiments were carried out in cutting AA6061-15 vol.% SiC （25 p.m particle size）, with cubic boron nitride （CBN） insert KB-90 grade under the conditions of compressed air, oil water emulsion, steam as coolant and lubricant, and dry cutting, respectively. The experimental results show that, with steam as coolant and lubricant, gradual reduction in the cutting force, friction coefficient, surface roughness and cutting temperature values were observed. Further, there was reduction in built up edge formation. It is proved that use of water steam as coolant and lubricant is environmentally friendly. 相似文献
38.
Olmanson Justin Liu Xianquan Heselton Christopher C. Srivastava Asha Wang Nannan 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2021,69(2):1299-1324
Educational technology research and development - This study investigates the effect of sequenced, time-delayed, multimodal Chinese language and communicative literacy supports on the ability of... 相似文献
39.
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between treatment‐induced changes in academic achievement and social skills in elementary school‐age children with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder. A sample of 123 children in grades 1 through 4 with symptoms of inattention, impulsivity and/or hyperactivity, and significant achievement problems in math or reading were identified for participation. Participants were exposed to academic interventions mediated by their teachers, parents, peers, computers, or the student themselves. Data were collected on academic competence using the Woodcock‐Johnson III Test of Achievement and the Academic Competence Evaluation Scales; social skills were assessed using the Social Skills Rating System. Correlations between changes in academic competence and social skills from preintervention to approximately 10 months later were calculated. Results showed that as teacher ratings of reading improved, there were corresponding improvements in social skills. For students in peer‐mediated math interventions, increases in math fluency were correlated with improvements in self‐control. Results are discussed in the context of possible reasons for these findings and implications for practice and future research. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
40.
This study evaluated whether schema-based instruction (SBI), a promising method for teaching students to represent and solve mathematical word problems, impacted the learning of percent word problems. Of particular interest was the extent that SBI improved high- and low-achieving students' learning and to a lesser degree on the indirect effect of SBI on transfer to novel problems, as compared to a business as usual control condition. Seventy 7th grade students in four classrooms (one high- and one low-achieving class in both the SBI and control conditions) participated in the study. Results indicate a significant treatment by achievement level interaction, such that SBI had a greater impact on high-achieving students' problem solving scores. However, findings did not support transfer effects of SBI for high-achieving students. Implications for improving the problem-solving performance of low achievers are discussed. 相似文献