Association of Vitamin D Receptor (FokI and BsmI) Gene Polymorphism with Bone Mineral Density and Their Effect on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level in North Indian Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis     

Israr Ahmad  Tabrez Jafar  Farzana Mahdi  Md. Arshad  Siddharth Kumar Das  Shah Waliullah  Abbas Ali Mahdi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(4):429-437

Osteoporosis is a systemic disease with a strong genetic component. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been suggested as a candidate gene for osteoporosis. Therefore the present study was aimed to investigate the pattern of allelic variants of VDR gene polymorphism (FokI and BsmI), its influence on vitamin D levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in North Indian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis for possible genetic association. 254 postmenopausal osteoporotic women and 254 postmenopausal non osteoporotic women were included in the study. VDR FokI and BsmI gene polymorphism gene were assessed by the PCR-RFLP method. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured by the ELISA. BMD at the L₁–L₄ lumbar spine, hip, forearm and femoral neck was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The average BMD at spine and hip in postmenopausal women with bb and spine, hip, femoral neck and forearm with ff genotype had significantly low BMD. The frequency of ff genotype and f allele was significantly higher in postmenopausal osteoporotic women when compared with postmenopausal non osteoporotic women. However, no significant association was found between the genotypes and vitamin D levels. Our study reveals that VDR gene FokI and BsmI polymorphism is significantly associated with low bone mineral density. Therefore the ff genotype and f allele of VDR FokI gene may be used as an important risk factor for osteoporosis.  相似文献   

Incidence of microalbuminuria in tobacco chewers     

Hitesh Shah 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(2):189-191

It is well established that smoking increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. From the studies in diabetic subjects it has been shown that smoking induces microalbuminuria and accelerates the progression to end stage renal disease. Little is known whether smoking is also related to microalbuminuria and renal end organ damage in non diabetic subjects. The hypothesis which was put forward that tobacco chewing is related to microalbuminuria and renal functional changes in non diabetic subjects. We therefore performed a population based study in the Anand city of Gujarat in which we studied the relation between tobacco chewing and urinary albumin excretion. Tobacco chewers had a higher urinary albumin excretion (Albumin excretion 373±13.9 mg/day: P<0.01) than those who do not consume tobacco. In conclusion tobacco chewing is associated with albuminuria.  相似文献   

Quality assurance in Australian higher education: historical and future development     

Mahsood Shah  Sid Nair  Mark Wilson 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2011,12(3):475-483

Higher education policies related to quality assurance are implemented in many countries. The purposes of such policies are to ensure the provision for high-quality education, university accountability and transparency in the use of public funding and meeting the needs of the diverse stakeholders. The current Australian Higher Education Quality Assurance Framework was implemented in the year 2000. It can be described that the framework has been enjoyed by universities, academics and other providers in Australia. This paper provides a brief history of quality assurance, its evolution in higher education in Australia and current changes and trends in quality assurance in other developed countries. It then provides an analysis of the success and deficiencies of the current framework used in Australia and suggestions which may be helpful in the development of the new framework. The analysis includes the thoughts of the three authors based on their experience in managing quality and reviews in seven different institutions and the views of more than 40 participants who are staff members from 25 Australian universities.  相似文献   

Metabolomics: A Tool Ahead for Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Drugs and Diseases     

Neel Jayesh Shah  Srinivasamurthy Sureshkumar  Deepak Gopal Shewade 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2015,30(3):247-254

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Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction for rapid diagnosis of clinically suspected tuberculous pleurisy     

Dil-Afroze  Dinesh Sharma  G. N. Dhobi  Sonaullah Shah  Rafiqa Eachkoti  Ishraq Hussain  Zafar A. Shah  Mushtaq A. Siddiqi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(2):76-79

Pleural effusion is one of the commonest presentations of tuberculosis, the clinical manifestations being typically abrupt resembling bacterial pneumonia. Since delayed hypersensitivity is the underlying immune response, bacterial load is very low. Owing to these facts, tuberculous pleurisy as an extra-pulmonary disease poses a diagnostic dilemma. The conventional bacteriological methods rarely detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pleural fluid and are of limited use in diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. We evaluated the efficacy of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy by targeting the gene segment coding for MPB64 protein specific forMycobacterium tuberculosis. Based on the clinical criteria, 82 patients with lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion were included in the study. Patients were analyzed in two groups; one group consisting of 48 patients of tubercular pleural effusion confimed by various diagnostic procedures and another group of 34 patients comprising of non-tubercular pleural effusion. There were no false positive results by PCR and the specificity worked out to be 100%. Twenty two patients tested positive for Mantoux with a sensitivity of 45%. ZN-staining for AFB was found in samples from 15 patients (20% sensitivity). ADA was positive for 28 patients with a sensitivity of 53%. PCR was positive for 32/48 patients (67% sensitivity). Thus, PCR was found to be more sensitive than any other conventional method in diagnosis of clinically suspected tubercular pleurisy.  相似文献   

Effect of preoperative stress on serum lipoperoxide levels     

A. S. Sane  Shobha A. Chokshi  D. P. Barad  V. C. Shah  V. Mathur  S. C. Kukreti 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1989,4(1):26-30

To test the concept of intense psychogenic stress manifesting as organic lesion, effect of pre-operative stress on serum lipid peroxide levels in 30 otherwise healthy patients to undergo major abdominal elective surgery has been studied and compared with healthy controls. Significant elevations in serum lipid peroxide levels both on hospitalization and at pre-operative stage were noticed in comparison with healthy controls. However, serum lipid peroxide levels at pre-operative stage did not show significant fluctuations in comparison with those at the time of admission, suggestive of no probable further increment in autoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids of membrane lipids and proper handling by scavenging enzyme system.  相似文献   

Closing the loop on student feedback: the case of Australian and Scottish universities     

Mahsood Shah  Ming Cheng  Robert Fitzgerald 《Higher Education》2017,74(1):115-129

Universities have a long history of collecting student feedback using surveys and other mechanisms. The last decade has witnessed a significant shift in how student feedback is systematically collected, analysed, reported, and used by governments and institutions. This shift is due to a number of factors, including changes in government policy related to quality assurance, and the increased use of the results by various stakeholders such as governments, institutions, and potential students and employers. The collection, analysis, and reporting of results are systematically carried out in many institutions worldwide. However, how to use student feedback to effectively improve student learning experience remains an issue to be addressed. This paper will contribute to this debate by comparing how Australian and Scottish universities use student feedback results to inform improvements. Based on thematic analysis of external quality audit reports of all Australian and Scottish universities, this paper suggests that universities have systematic processes to collect student feedback using a range of mechanisms, but limited work is done to use the data to inform improvements. This paper argues the need for universities to genuinely listen to student voice by facilitating partnership between students and institutions to act on their feedback as part of quality assurance.  相似文献   

试论多媒体新闻     

周善 《新闻界》2008,(1):70-71

本文着重对多媒体新闻的编辑及传播进行探讨,提出嵌入式的多媒体新闻整合方式等。  相似文献   

Computer Simulations Improve University Instructional Laboratories          下载免费PDF全文

Nicola J. Gibbons  Chris Evans  Annette Payne  Kavita Shah  Darren K. Griffin 《CBE life sciences education》2004,3(4):263-269

Laboratory classes are commonplace and essential in biology departments but can sometimes be cumbersome, unreliable, and a drain on time and resources. As university intakes increase, pressure on budgets and staff time can often lead to reduction in practical class provision. Frequently, the ability to use laboratory equipment, mix solutions, and manipulate test animals are essential learning outcomes, and “wet” laboratory classes are thus appropriate. In others, however, interpretation and manipulation of the data are the primary learning outcomes, and here, computer-based simulations can provide a cheaper, easier, and less time- and labor-intensive alternative. We report the evaluation of two computer-based simulations of practical exercises: the first in chromosome analysis, the second in bioinformatics. Simulations can provide significant time savings to students (by a factor of four in our first case study) without affecting learning, as measured by performance in assessment. Moreover, under certain circumstances, performance can be improved by the use of simulations (by 7% in our second case study). We concluded that the introduction of these simulations can significantly enhance student learning where consideration of the learning outcomes indicates that it might be appropriate. In addition, they can offer significant benefits to teaching staff.  相似文献   

Role-based results redistribution for collaborative information retrieval     

Chirag Shah  Jeremy Pickens  Gene Golovchinsky 《Information processing & management》2010

We describe a new approach for algorithmic mediation of a collaborative search process. Unlike most approaches to collaborative IR, we are designing systems that mediate explicitly-defined synchronous collaboration among small groups of searchers with a shared information need. Such functionality is provided by first obtaining different rank-lists based on searchers’ queries, fusing these rank-lists, and then splitting the combined list to distribute documents among collaborators according to their roles. For the work reported here, we consider the case of two people collaborating on a search. We assign them roles of Gatherer and Surveyor: the Gatherer is tasked with exploring highly promising information on a given topic, and the Surveyor is tasked with digging further to explore more diverse information. We demonstrate how our technique provides the Gatherer with high-precision results, and the Surveyor with information that is high in entropy.  相似文献