The relationship between spirituality and quality of life among university students: An autoregressive cross-lagged panel analysis     

Wilfred W. F. Lau  C. Harry Hui  Jasmine Lam  Esther Y. Y. Lau  Shu-Fai Cheung 《Higher Education》2015,69(6):977-990

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Literacy and capital in immigrant youths' online networks across countries     

Wan Shun Eva Lam 《Learning, Media and Technology》2014,39(4):488-506

Communication technologies are playing an increasingly prominent role in facilitating immigrants' social networks across countries and the transnational positioning of immigrant youth in their online language and literacy practices. Drawing from a comparative case study of the digital literacy practices of immigrant youth of Chinese descent, this paper examines the cross-border social relationships that are fostered between the youth and their peers in their natal country through the use of instant messaging and other online media. Using Pierre Bourdieu's capital and field theory, and the concept of social capital, this paper considers how literacy development in transnational contexts constitutes the production of social and cultural capital. It argues that the youths' online literacy practices need to be understood within the particular social fields in which they are situated and how they allow the youth to navigate and take up position within social fields that cross national boundaries.  相似文献   

What motivates academic scientists to engage in research commercialization: ‘Gold’, ‘ribbon’ or ‘puzzle’?     

Alice Lam 《Research Policy》2011,40(10):1354-1368

This paper employs the three concepts of ‘gold’ (financial rewards), ‘ribbon’ (reputational/career rewards) and ‘puzzle’ (intrinsic satisfaction) to examine the extrinsic and intrinsic aspects of scientists’ motivation for pursuing commercial activities. The study is based on 36 individual interviews and an on-line questionnaire survey of 735 scientists from five major UK research universities. It finds that there is a diversity of motivations for commercial engagement, and that many do so for reputational and intrinsic reasons and that financial rewards play a relatively small part. The paper draws on self-determination theory in social psychology to analyse the relationship between scientists’ value orientations with regard to commercial engagement and their personal motivations. It finds that those with traditional beliefs about the separation of science from commerce are more likely to be extrinsically motivated, using commercialization as a means to obtain resources to support their quest for the ‘ribbon’. In contrast, those identify closely with entrepreneurial norms are intrinsically motivated by the autonomy and ‘puzzle-solving’ involved in applied commercial research while also motivated by the ‘gold’. The study highlights the primacy of scientists’ self-motivation, and suggests that a fuller explanation of their commercial behaviour will need to consider a broader mix of motives to include the social and affective aspects of intrinsic motivation. In conclusion, the paper argues that policy to encourage commercial engagement should build on reputational and intrinsic rather than purely financial motivations.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling of motion trajectory and deformation behavior of a cell in a nonuniform electric field     

Li H  Ye T  Lam KY 《Biomicrofluidics》2011,5(2):21101

The motion trajectory and deformation behavior of a neutral red blood cell (RBC) in a microchannel subjected to an externally applied nonuniform electric field are numerically investigated, where both the membrane mechanical force and the dielectrophoresis (DEP) force are considered. The simulation results demonstrate that the DEP force is significantly influenced by several factors, namely, the RBC size, electrode potential, electric frequency, RBC permittivity, and conductivity, which finally results in the different behaviors of the cell motion and deformation in the nonuniform electric field.  相似文献   

A new technique for detecting patterns of term usage in text corpora     

John Olney  Van Lam  Bradley Yearwood 《Information processing & management》1976,12(4):235-250

Term occurrence A is included in term occurrence B if A is a substring of B. By making a single pass through a slightly non-standard KWIC index, every recurring phrase can be detected, and its inclusion relationships with other phrases and/or single words can be computed. Results obtained by processing a corpus of 2675 medical titles indicate that several properties definable in terms of inclusion relationships among terms have significance for vocabulary control. Preliminary results from a corpus of more than 62,000 medical titles have confirmed this finding.  相似文献   

Analysis and behaviour of FRP-confined short concrete columns subjected to eccentric loading     

Xing-fei Yuan  Shao-hua Xia  L. Lam  S. T. Smith 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2008,9(1):38-49

Fibre-reinforced polymer （FRP） composites were widely utilized in civil engineering structures as the retrofit of reinforced concrete （RC） columns. To design FRP jackets safely and economically, the behaviour of such columns should be predicted first. This paper is concerned with the analysis and behaviour of FRP-confined RC circular and rectangular short columns subjected to eccentric loading. A simple design-oriented stress-strain model for FRP-confined concrete in a section analysis was first proposed. The accuracy was then proved by two test data. Following that, a parametric study including amount of FRP confinement, FRP strain capacity, unconfined concrete strength and shape of column section is provided. Some conclusions were obtained at the end of the paper. The work here will provide a comprehensive understanding of the behaviour of FRP-confined concrete columns. The simplicity of the model also enables a simple equivalent stress block to be developed for direct use in practical design.  相似文献   

Scaling up of Continual Professional Development for Mathematics Problem Solving in Singapore Schools     

Leong  Yew Hoong  Toh  Tin Lam  Tay  Eng Guan  Quek  Khiok Seng  Toh  Pee Choon  Jaguthsing  Dindyal 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2021,19(6):1291-1310

The more ambitious an educational innovation, the greater the challenge in scaling up. In this paper, we focus on the scaling up of an ambitious pedagogical practice—mathematics problem solving as a regular feature in the classroom. We adopt a long-term approach to continual professional development (CPD) that began with intensive work with one school before we broadened the programme to four other schools which span the spectrum of schools in Singapore. To evaluate this overall design, we examine the current state of each school’s capacity in sustaining mathematics problem-solving instruction. In particular, we study and report findings on these areas: the readiness of teachers, the instructional materials and supporting structures. Based on the findings, we reflect on our CPD strategies and our theory of action which guided the CPD programme.

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Delay-dependent stochastic stability and H_∞ analysis for time-delay systems with Markovian jumping parameters     

Yong-Yan Cao  James Lam  Lisheng Hu 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2003,340(6-7):423-434

This paper studies the problem of the stochastic stability and H_∞ disturbance attenuation for linear continuous-time time-delay systems that possess randomly Markovian jumping parameters. A delay-dependent sufficient condition on the stochastic stability with given H_∞ performance is proposed using the stochastic Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theory. The conditions are formulated as a set of coupled linear matrix inequalities.  相似文献   

African-American women who use crack cocaine: a comparison of mothers who live with and have been separated from their children     

Lam WK  Wechsberg W  Zule W 《Child abuse & neglect》2004,28(11):1229-1247

OBJECTIVE: This study examined factors that influenced caregiver status for African-American mothers who use crack cocaine but are not receiving drug treatment and participated in an HIV prevention study in North Carolina. METHOD: Caregiver mothers who were living with at least one of their children at intake (n = 257) were compared with non-Caregivers who were separated from all of their children (n = 378). Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were used to compare these mothers at intake on current drug use, risky sex practices, psychological symptoms, victimization, and aggression. RESULTS: Compared with Caregiver mothers, non-Caregivers reported higher frequencies of drug use, risky sex practices, psychological distress, and victimization experiences. Caregiver mothers were more likely than non-Caregiver mothers to have health insurance, but were less likely to have received drug treatment. Logistic regression found that non-Caregiver mothers were significantly more likely than Caregiver mothers to be older, to have been physically abused as children, to trade sex more frequently, to be homeless, and to have no health insurance. Recent crack use, psychological symptoms, and victimization were not significantly related to caregiver status. CONCLUSIONS: Findings that socio-environmental factors were more strongly associated with caregiver status than crack use underscore the importance of contextual issues such as housing, victimization history, and resources in serving maternal crack users. Community outreach and interventions that engage mothers who use drugs and live with their children may be more effective strategies than formal office-based services to link mothers who use crack and their children to needed drug treatment and family and child services.  相似文献   

Analyzing the use of Facebook among university libraries in Hong Kong     

Ernest Tak Hei Lam  Cheuk Hang Au  Dickson K.W. Chiu 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2019,45(3):175-183

In recent years, many academic libraries have started adopting social media by, for example, establishing their own Facebook pages. Our research investigates the current Facebook usage among seven university libraries in Hong Kong. Using a mixed-method research approach, we examined the characteristics of academic libraries Facebook usage and its effectiveness to engage with their patrons, based on online observations and Web content analysis from the publicly available data of the Facebook pages.Our results indicated that most libraries in Hong Kong adopted Facebook as a marketing tool, yet the user engagement level in these pages is low. In addition, we also discovered that communication-related posts and video-type posts can attract the most attention of patrons. Based on these outcomes, we provided some recommendations on the application of Facebook for academic libraries.  相似文献