Children's experience of violence in China and Korea: a transcultural study   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Kim DH  Kim KI  Park YC  Zhang LD  Lu MK  Li D 《Child abuse & neglect》2000,24(9):1163-1173

OBJECTIVE: There were two aims: First, to compare children's rates of being battered in home, by peers, and by teachers among students between China and Korea, and second, to identify particular risk factors for such violence. METHODS: Children in grades four through six in Shanghai (238 cases) and Yanji (245 cases) in China and Seoul (248 cases) and Kimpo (241 cases) in Korea were surveyed by questionnaire method. They were asked to complete the Straus' Conflict Tactics Scale and their frequencies in the three situations respectively, and other demographic items. RESULTS: Family violence during the last 1 year was experienced in 70.6% (minor 42.2%; serious 22.6%) of the children in China and 68.9% (minor 9.4%; serious 51.3%) of those in Korea. Experience rates of violence by peers were 42.7% (minor 25.7%; serious 13.7%) in China and 26.0% (minor 11.5%; serious 14.3%) in Korea. Finally, rates of corporal punishment by teachers were 51.1% (minor 28.0%; serious 4.1%) in China and 62.0% (minor 8.8%; serious 43.8%) in Korea. The most important and common risk factor for violence in one situation was the presence of violence in another situation. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that the differences in children's overall experience rates were not particularly striking. However, Korean children experienced more severe forms of violence from family members and from teachers. Findings of risk factors clearly imply that there are children vulnerable to violence from multiple sources.  相似文献   

SVC bitstream adaptation in MPEG-21 multimedia framework     

THANG Truong Cong  KIM Young Suk  RO Yong Man  KANG Jungwon  KIM Jae-Gon 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2006,7(5):764-772

INTRODUCTION Scalable video coding (SVC) (Schwarz et al., 2004) is the most promising video format for appli- cations of collaborative communication. First, SVC format, which is extended from the latest advanced video coding (AVC), is appropriate for creating a wide variety of bitrates with high compression effi- ciency. Second, an original SVC bitstream can be easily truncated in different ways to meet various characteristics and variations of devices and connec- tions. The scalabil…  相似文献   

Efficient distributed selective search     

Yubin Kim  Jamie Callan  J. Shane Culpepper  Alistair Moffat 《Information Retrieval》2017,20(3):221-252

Simulation and analysis have shown that selective search can reduce the cost of large-scale distributed information retrieval. By partitioning the collection into small topical shards, and then using a resource ranking algorithm to choose a subset of shards to search for each query, fewer postings are evaluated. In this paper we extend the study of selective search into new areas using a fine-grained simulation, examining the difference in efficiency when term-based and sample-based resource selection algorithms are used; measuring the effect of two policies for assigning index shards to machines; and exploring the benefits of index-spreading and mirroring as the number of deployed machines is varied. Results obtained for two large datasets and four large query logs confirm that selective search is significantly more efficient than conventional distributed search architectures and can handle higher query rates. Furthermore, we demonstrate that selective search can be tuned to avoid bottlenecks, and thus maximize usage of the underlying computer hardware.  相似文献   

A moderated mediation model of political collective action in Hong Kong: examining the roles of social media consumption and social identity     

Yingru Ji  Yanmengqian Zhou  Sora Kim 《亚洲交流杂志》2017,27(5):497-516

Adopting a communication mediation approach, this study explores the role of overall social networking service (SNS) use in facilitating people’s participation in collective political action through the mediation of online and offline political discussions. The study also underscores the moderating effect on the mediation process of both social identity and geographical origin. Moderated mediation analyses reveal that the positive impact of overall SNS use on participation mediated by offline discussion is stronger for people with higher Hong Kong identity and for people from Hong Kong. This moderated mediation model specifies the socio-psychological mechanism of participation in collective political action in an immigrant society such as Hong Kong.  相似文献   

Employees’ perceptions of interpersonal competence: The case of South Korea     

Changdai Kim  Kyung Wha Min  Sook Kyeong Yune  Hanna Choi  Eun Hye Gong 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2008,9(2):221-232

This study examined employees’ perceptions of interpersonal competence at work through the research methodology known as concept mapping. The purpose of this study was to identify the phenomenally derived components of interpersonal competence in work environments and employees’ underlying cognitive structures of interpersonal competence at work. Multidimensional scaling analysis indicated that the participants conceptualized interpersonal competence in the following two dimensions: (i) work-specific domain versus general domain and (ii) unilateral domain versus bilateral domain. In addition, hierarchical clustering on the MDS coordinates produced six clusters: Caring & Considerate, Sociable & Out-going, Kind & Gentle, Reliable & Leadership skills, and Confident & Responsible. Our results were discussed with respect to future research and educational approaches to the issues surrounding interpersonal competencies at work.  相似文献   

AWARE: A Personalized Normative Feedback–Based Group Intervention for Mandated College Students     

Dogukan Ulupinar  So Rin Kim 《Journal of College Counseling》2021,24(1):63-80

AWARE is a brief group intervention that was built upon the principles of personalized normative feedback with novel components (Penn State Altoona, n.d.). The purpose of this study was to pilot test the intervention with mandated college students who were referred for alcohol‐related violations (N = 283). Results showed significant postintervention changes. Significant interaction effects between time and race and between time and gender were found. Reduction in the consumption of alcohol use and perception of peer alcohol use were significantly different among non‐White and female participants.  相似文献   

Neural Correlates of Performance Monitoring During the Transition to Young Adulthood     

Martina Kneevi&#x;  Kim Veroude  Jelle Jolles  Lydia Krabbendam 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2016,10(2):81-90

Cognitive challenges during transition to adulthood are generally high and require particular skills, such as self‐control, performance evaluation, and behavioral adjustment for success in everyday living. However, age and sex differences in timing and efficiency of brain maturational processes in the early twenties are not well known. We used a go/no‐go paradigm and fMRI to focus on the neural processes underlying response inhibition and performance monitoring during the transition from late adolescence (aged 18–19) to young adulthood (aged 23–25). During performance monitoring, late adolescents showed more activation in right inferior frontal gyrus than young adults, while males showed more activation in left inferior parietal lobe than females. No effects of age and sex were found for response inhibition. Our findings suggest that age and sex‐related differences in neural basis of performance monitoring continue to change between late adolescence and young adulthood.  相似文献   

The Relationship of Spelling Recognition, RAN, and Phonological Awareness to Reading Skills in Older Poor Readers and Younger Reading-Matched Controls     

Tami Katzir  YoungSuk Kim  Maryanne Wolf  Becky Kennedy  Maureen Lovett  Robin Morris 《Reading and writing》2006,19(8):845-872

The role of spelling recognition was examined in word reading skills and reading comprehension for dyslexic and nondyslexic children. Dyslexic and nondyslexic children were matched on their raw word reading proficiency. Relationships between spelling recognition and the following were examined for both groups of children: verbal ability, working memory, phonological measures, rapid naming, word reading, and reading comprehension. Children’s performance in spelling recognition was significantly associated with their skills in word reading and reading comprehension regardless of their reading disability status. Furthermore, spelling recognition contributed significant variance to reading comprehension for both dyslexic and nondyslexic children after the effects of phonological awareness, rapid naming, and word reading proficiency had been accounted for. The results support the role of spelling recognition in reading development for both groups of children and they are discussed using a componential reading fluency framework.  相似文献   

Effects of motivational and volitional email messages (MVEM) with personal messages on undergraduate students' motivation, study habits and achievement     

ChanMin Kim  John M. Keller 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2008,39(1):36-51

This study investigated what kind of supportive information can be effective in improving the situation where there were severe motivational challenges. Motivational and volitional email messages (MVEM) were constructed based on an integrated model of four theories and methods, which are Keller's ARCS model, Kuhl's action control theory, Gollwitzer's Rubicon model of motivation and volition, and Visser & Keller's strategy of motivational messages, and distributed with personal messages created based on audience analysis to a large undergraduate class. In order to examine the effects of the messages on motivation for the course, study habits (study time), and achievement (test grade), MVEM were sent to 30 students (Personal Message Group: PMG) with personal messages and to 71 students (Non‐Personal Message Group: NonPMG) without personal messages. Results indicated that PMG showed a higher level of motivation, especially in regard to confidence, than NonPMG. Also, the mean test grade of PMG increased so that the initial difference of the test grade between the two groups significantly decreased. Although there was no difference between the two groups in study habits, the findings suggest that personal messages addressing specific individual problems raise the positive effects of MVEM constructed based on the integrated model. Future research directions are discussed.  相似文献   

A Comparison of Tests for Equality of Two or More Independent Alpha Coefficients     

Seonghoon Kim  Leonard S. Feldt 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2008,45(2):179-193

This article extends the Bonett (2003a) approach to testing the equality of alpha coefficients from two independent samples to the case of m ≥ 2 independent samples. The extended Fisher-Bonett test and its competitor, the Hakstian-Whalen (1976) test, are illustrated with numerical examples of both hypothesis testing and power calculation. Computer simulations are used to compare the performance of the two tests and the Feldt (1969) test (for m = 2) in terms of power and Type I error control. It is shown that the Fisher-Bonett test is just as effective as its competitors in controlling Type I error, is comparable to them in power, and is equally robust against heterogeneity of error variance.  相似文献