Effect of stance position on kick performance in taekwondo     

Isaac Estevan  Daniel Jandacka  Coral Falco 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(16):1815-1822

Abstract

In taekwondo, the stance position can potentially affect kick performance. The aim of this study was to analyse mechanical variables in the roundhouse kick in taekwondo according to three stance positions (0°, 45°, 90°). Nine experienced taekwondo athletes performed consecutive kicking trials in a random order according to these three relative positions of the feet on the ground. Measurements for the mechanical analysis were performed using two 3D force plates and an eight-camera motion capture system. The taekwondo athletes’ reaction and execution times were shorter when starting from the 0° and 45° stance positions than from the 90° position (P < 0.05). Moreover, the ground reaction force was negatively correlated with execution time and positively with velocity of thigh and shank. Our results suggest that the stance position affects the execution technique of taekwondo athletes’ kicks. It is suggested that athletes should not adopt the 90° stance position because it will not enable them to achieve the best performance in the roundhouse kick.  相似文献   

Coaching under pressure: a study of Olympic coaches     

Olusoga P  Maynard I  Hays K  Butt J 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(3):229-239

The Olympic environment has been identified as particularly stressful and unlike any other in terms of the media attention and focus placed on the competition. While the potential negative consequences of stress for coaches and their athletes have been explored, relatively little is known about the factors underpinning successful Olympic coaching performance. We explored elite coaches' perceptions of the factors that enable them to coach in a stressful Olympic environment. Eight coaches from one of Great Britain's most successful Olympic teams (i.e. consistent medal winners in the previous three Olympics) were interviewed. Inductive content analysis indicated that psychological attributes (e.g. emotional control), preparation (e.g. strategic approach), and coping at the event (e.g. team support) were factors that coaches perceived as important for successful Olympic coaching. In addition, coaches offered specific suggestions for training and development. Key themes included coach interaction (e.g. mentoring, formalizing contact) and simulating Olympic pressure. These findings offer suggestions for the education of developing coaches on the pathway to elite sports coaching.  相似文献   

A survey of selected administrative practices supporting student evaluation of instruction programs     

Isaac I. Bejar 《Research in higher education》1975,3(1):77-86

A mail survey of 333 American universities was conducted to assess the current status of Student Evaluation of Instruction. Based on a 68% return, it was concluded that there has been an increase in the popularity of student ratings as a means of evaluating faculty performance, as well as an increase in the frequency with which evaluation results are used in decisions concerning faculty status. However, at most universities, research on the rating instruments does not seem to have kept pace with the decisions that are based on the rating instruments.  相似文献   

Genetic testing and its implications: human genetics researchers grapple with ethical issues.     

Isaac Rabino 《Science, technology & human values》2003,28(2):365-402

To better understand ethical issues involved in the field of human genetics and promote debate within the scientific community, the author surveyed scientists who engage in human genetics research about the pros, cons, and ethical implications of genetic testing. This study contributes systematic data on attitudes of scientific experts. The survey finds respondents are highly supportive of voluntary testing and the right to know one's genetic heritage. The majority consider in utero testing and consequent pregnancy termination acceptable for cases involving likelihood of serious disease but disapprove for genetic reasons they consider arbitrary, leaving a gray area of distinguishing between treatment of disorders and enhancement still to be resolved. While safeguarding patient confidentiality versus protecting at-risk third parties (kin, reproductive partners) presents a dilemma, preserving privacy from misuse by institutional third parties (employers, insurers) garners strong consensus for legislation against discrimination. Finally, a call is made for greater genetic literacy.  相似文献   

Novice teachers as organisational people: expectations of a professional work environment,collegiality, recognition and respect     

Bella Gavish  Isaac A. Friedman 《Educational studies》2011,37(4):451-467

This study introduces a model of novice teachers’ expectations together with supporting empirical evidence. The model is sectorial, distinguishing novice teachers’ expectations according to their reciprocal relations with their partners in the school. The study investigated 237 teachers attending internship programmes at five large teachers training colleges in Israel, using a self‐report questionnaire. The findings revealed that: (1) the expectations of novice teachers are based on a sectorial organisational view of the school, as proposed by role theory; (2) novice teachers have very high expectations of their organisational work environment; and (3) their highest expectations are for public recognition of the importance of teaching, while the lowest expectations are for receiving support and backing from the partners in the educational process. The article discusses novice teachers’ views of their function as organisational people and of the school as an arena for developing and nurturing their organisational selves.  相似文献   

Keystroke Dynamics: Establishing Keyprints to Verify Users in Online Courses     

Jay R. Young  Jeffrey L. Jenkins  Isaac Pfleger 《学校用计算机》2019,36(1):48-68

This study examined the potential use of keystroke dynamics to create keyprints (typing fingerprints) to authenticate individuals in online courses. Previous studies have determined that keystroke typing patterns are unique; in addition to replicating these findings, this study explored best practices for implementing keyprint signatures in situations other than simple password or key phrase verification. While authentication can be difficult when attempting to correctly identify individual users, the results of this study indicate that keyprints can reliably indicate negative cases (a typing sample that is likely not the intended student). The results of this study suggest that complete keyprint signatures are better than keyprint profiles (reduced keyprints based on unique typing patterns only). Results also suggest that keyprint signatures are most reliable when a variety of methods are used to obtain keyprint data (i.e., both copy typing and free typing). Small comparison samples increase the challenge of identification but do not prevent the system from identifying negative cases.  相似文献   

Understanding and Responding to the Career Counseling Needs of International College Students on U.S. Campuses     

Stephanie A. Crockett  Danica G. Hays 《Journal of College Counseling》2011,14(1):65-79

The authors believe that international students, increasingly visible on U.S. campuses, tend to confront unique career development challenges and often experience heightened vocational difficulty. In this article, the authors present 3 themes regarding international students' career needs derived from the current literature: career placement needs, individual factors mediating international student career needs and barriers, and help‐seeking behaviors. Implications for college counseling professionals and suggested future research directions are discussed.  相似文献   

Advocacy Counseling for Female Survivors of Partner Abuse: Implications for Counselor Education     

Danica G. Hays  Eric Green  Jonathan J. Orr  Lea Flowers 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2007,46(3):184-198

This article outlines ways by which counselor educators may prepare counselors and counselor trainees to be advocates for survivors of partner abuse. Advocacy strategies for counselors and counselor trainees working with survivors of partner abuse are provided, integrating the 5 components of collaboration, context, competence, critical consciousness, and community (E. McWhirter, 1998) within an ecological framework.  相似文献   

A Surgical View of Anatomy: Perspectives from Students and Instructors     

Edward Christopher Dee  Isaac G. Alty  James P. Agolia  Carlos Torres-Quinones  Trudy van Houten  Dana A. Stearns  Craig W. Lillehei  Robert C. Shamberger 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(1):110-116

As curricular emphasis on anatomy in undergraduate medical education continues to evolve, new approaches to anatomical education are urgently needed to prepare medical students for residency. A surgical anatomy class was designed for third- and fourth-year medical students to explore important anatomical relationships by performing realistic surgical procedures on anatomical donors. Under the guidance of both surgeons and anatomists, students in this month-long elective course explored key anatomical relationships through performing surgical approaches, with the secondary benefit of practicing basic surgical techniques. Procedures, such as left nephrectomy, first rib resection for thoracic outlet syndrome, and carotid endarterectomy, were adapted from those used clinically by multiple surgical subspecialties. This viewpoint commentary highlights perspectives from students and instructors that suggest the value of a surgical approach to anatomical education for medical students preparing for procedure-oriented residencies, with the goals of: (1) describing the elective at the authors' institution, (2) promoting similar efforts across different institutions, and (3) encouraging future qualitative and quantitative studies of similar pedagogic efforts.  相似文献   

Unfolding narrative meaning over time: The contributions of mother–daughter conversations of difficulty on daughter narrative sense-making and well-being     

Haley Kranstuber Horstman  Ryan Maliski  Alexie Hays  Joy Cox  Amy Enderle  Leslie R. Nelson 《Communication monographs》2016,83(3):326-348

Recent narrative theorizing suggests that humans process their difficult experiences by not only creating stories—called individual narrative sense-making (NSM)—but also by telling those stories with others—called communicated narrative sense-making (CNSM). The present study investigated the relationship between individual and communicated NSM to understand the effects of interpersonal communication on intrapersonal meaning-making and well-being. In this longitudinal, laboratory-based study, 62 mother–daughter pairs wrote and discussed stories of daughters’ difficulty. Findings revealed that CNSM—particularly turn-taking, coherence, and daughters’ perspective-taking—predicted increased positivity in daughters’ stories over time, suggesting that CNSM contributes to “re-authoring” of individual stories. Limited effects emerged for CNSM and well-being. Findings expanded knowledge about the interconnections between intrapersonal and interpersonal communication, and well-being.  相似文献