Biomimetic designs inspired by seashells   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kiran Akella 《Resonance》2012,17(6):573-591

This article explains some interesting aspects of the mechanical behaviour of seashells. Their unique brick-mortar architecture makes them tougher and stronger than their constituents. Pearly layers in seashells, also known as nacreous layers, have an order of magnitude higher toughness than most ceramics. Replication of these features of seashells in synthetic ceramics can have immediate practical applications; for example, design of lightweight, efficient and cost-effective armour.  相似文献   

Interrelationship Between Procalcitonin and Organ Failure in Sepsis     

Dimple Anand  Sabari Das  Sumit Ray  Seema Bhargava  Lalit Mohan Srivastava 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(1):93-96

Sepsis suffers from lack of specific clinical symptoms which contribute to one of the major causes of mortality. In the present study, our aim was to evaluate the role of a recent biomarker Procalcitonin (PCT) in predicting organ dysfunction. 71 patients admitted with sepsis were included in the study. PCT levels were measured at 0, 24, 72 h and 7th day and sequential organ failure assessment score (SOFA) scores were calculated. PCT levels significantly decreased (p < 0.001) in 89.3 % of surviving patients, whereas, in 60 % non surviving patients the PCT level increased significantly (p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation between PCT and SOFA score was observed in survivors at each hour. These observations indicate that PCT concentration is significantly associated with severity of multi organ dysfunction and also helps in determining the prognosis of septic patients.  相似文献   

Study of the Concentration of Trace Elements Fe,Zn, Cu,Se and Their Correlation in Maternal Serum,Cord Serum and Colostrums     

Mehul Jariwala  S. Suvarna  G. Kiran Kumar  Alpa Amin  A. C. Udas 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(2):181-188

A study of iron, zinc, copper and selenium concentration levels was carried out in three compartments namely, maternal serum (MS), colostrums and cord blood serum (CS) of healthy Indian mothers (n = 42) who delivered healthy normal neonates without any congenital anomalies at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre hospital, Mumbai. Fe, Zn, Cu in maternal serum, cord blood and colostrums were estimated by flame atomic absorption spectrometry while Se was determined by graphite furnace absorption spectrometry. It was seen that there was a significant difference in the level of trace elements in the three compartments. The average levels of Fe in the three compartments were 1,132 ± 519, 2,312 ± 789 and 1,183 ± 602 μg/L while Zn was 514 ± 149, 819 ± 224 and 7,148 ± 2,316 μg/L respectively. Mean Cu values were 1,614 ± 295, 301 ± 77 and 392 ± 174 μg/L respectively while Se values were 70 ± 15, 36 ± 10 and 23 ± 8 μg/L respectively. The results indicated a positive correlation of Fe and Zn concentrations in MS versus CS which were (r = 0.386), (r = 0.572) respectively and Fe levels in MS and colostrums (r = 0.235). A few inter element correlations were found within compartments. Zn and Se showed a negative correlation in both MS (r = −0.489) and colostrums (r = −0.258) while a positive inter correlation of Fe and Zn was seen in MS (r = 0.44) and in CS (r = 0.54). This study gave us an overview of the serum and colostrum values of mother and neonates in Indian population, data of which are scarce.  相似文献   

The effect of school inspections on school improvement     

Holger Gaertner  Sebastian Wurster  Hans Anand Pant 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(4):489-508

This study uses a school-level longitudinal control-group design to examine how teachers and principals of inspected versus uninspected schools perceive school improvement at their schools. During the phasing in of school inspections in the states of Berlin and Brandenburg (Germany), both inspected and uninspected schools were surveyed with respect to school improvement activities over a 1-year period. The main finding is that principals’ and teachers’ perceptions of school quality were highly stable, irrespective of the introduction of school inspections. The results show school inspections had a comparatively low impact on the aspects of school quality measured here.  相似文献   

Between traditional classification and coordinate indexing     

Amtabha Ghose  Anand S. Dhawle 《Information processing & management》1979,15(1):27-31

An ordering system for a global information network is necessary in order to enable the user to retrieve the particular information he is looking for. Classification has been one of the methods of ordering. The principle of traditional classification has been based on the idea of partitioning the universe of knowledge in mutually exclusive classes, i.e. subjects. A particular topic is defined by narrower classification within a class following the principle of ‘genusspecies’ relationship. Ranganathan's system of faceted classification has only replaced the classification of terms into subjects and sub-subjects by classification of terms into five ambiguous categories. Taube's system of coordinate indexing gives full freedom to the user to combine any number of terms of his choice. To be effective for social sciences such a system has to overcome some difficult problems of semantics. The system MANIS described here maintains the traditional classification and yet allows the user to combine terms of his choice, where the choice is restricted to the terms belonging to the system of traditional classification.  相似文献   

A profile of health sciences libraries in Southeast Asia.     

S C Dhir  S K Anand 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1978,66(3):290-295

This paper reports the results of a survey undertaken by the World Health Organization of health sciences libraries in Southeast Asia. It includes information on clientele, budget, personnel, collections, lending policy, dissemination of information, and reference services. The survey indicates that the collections in most of the health sciences libraries in Southeast Asia are deficient and that services provided to readers are inadequate. Recommendations for improvement are outlined.  相似文献   

“Our Leaders Are Us”: Youth Activism in Social Movements Project     

Anand R. Marri  Erica N. Walker 《The Urban Review》2008,40(1):5-20

In this article, we describe the development and implementation of a project, “Our Leaders Are Us: Youth Activism in Social Movements”, that we undertook with New York City high school students exploring events leading up to and following the Supreme Court’s landmark decision in Brown. As part of a 50th anniversary celebration of the Brown decision, we designed a series of three workshops that sought to extend urban students’ knowledge of Brown, segregation, and activism and to examine the roles of young people in critical civil rights campaigns. In addition, we discussed with students the ways in which young people can be involved in contemporary social movements and the strategies they can use to effect what they perceive to be needed changes in their lives. Along with the researchers’ extensive field notes, the participating students completed questionnaires throughout the project so that their understanding of Brown and related issues could be documented. Using our findings, we suggest ways that educators can develop and implement similar programs for use in schools.

Erica N. WalkerEmail:

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基于筛选安全的共低积累基因型评价空心菜对镉和硝酸盐积累的变异（英文）     

Lin TANG  Wei-jun LUO  Zhen-li HE  Hanumanth Kumar GURAJALA  Yasir HAMID  Kiran Yasmin KHAN  Xiao-e YANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2018,(2)

目的:筛选镉-硝酸盐共低积累空心菜基因型,并研究降低空心菜重金属含量,提高营养品质的农艺措施。创新点:首次筛选得到镉-硝酸盐共低积累空心菜基因型,并研究空心菜可食部污染物、矿质元素和营养指标之间的相关性,提出进一步降低空心菜可食部镉和硝酸盐含量的农艺措施。方法:共38个空心菜基因型收集于世界各地,种植在连作了7年的中度镉-硝酸盐复合污染土壤上(Cd1.10 mg/kg,NO_3~-235.2 mg/kg),4周后收获。用HNO_3-HClO_4(体积比5:1)消煮,电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定各种金属元素,水杨酸-硫酸比色法测定硝酸盐含量,钒钼黄比色法测定磷含量,2,6-二氯靛酚滴定法测定维生素C含量,乙醇-丙酮(体积比2:1)比色法测定叶绿素含量。结论:本试验筛选得到镉-硝酸盐共低积累空心菜基因型4个(Cd0.71 mg/kg DW,NO_3~-3100 mg/kgFW),分别是JXDY、GZQL、XGDB和B888,可以在中轻度镉-硝酸盐复合污染土壤上安全生产。空心菜地上部镉与铅、锌含量呈正相关,而这3种元素均与磷量呈负相关。这些结果表明镉、铅和锌通过相同的途径被空心菜吸收,可以同时被治理。增加磷肥供应率可以抑制复合污染土壤中的镉和硝酸盐向空心菜可食部的转移。  相似文献   

A computer-based strategy for personalizing verbal problems in teaching mathematics     

Steven M. Ross  Padma G. Anand 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1987,35(3):151-162

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a computer-based strategy for personalizing verbal problems used in mathematics instruction. Personalization was achieved through a computer program that incorporated names of familiar people and events, such as the student’s friends and birth date, into print copies of lesson examples. In two control treatments, concrete (nonadaptive) contexts and abstract contexts were employed. Subjects were 54 fifth- and sixthgraders studying a lesson on division of fractions. Results showed the personalized-context treatment to be advantageous relative to one or both control treatments for (a) solving conventional word problems, (b) solving transfer problems, (c) recognizing rule procedures, and (d) developing favorable attitudes toward materials. Theoretical interpretations of these effects are discussed, along with considerations about the practicality and effectiveness of the present application using print materials compared to an earlier one using CAl.  相似文献   

Antioxidant status in neonatal jaundice before and after phototherapy     

Kiran Dahiya  A. D. Tiwari  Vijay Shankar  Simmi Kharb  Rakesh Dhankhar 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):157-160

Phototherapy has been related to increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. In the present study, thirty full term jaundiced neonates with appropriate weight were analyzed before and after completion of phototherapy for malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiols, vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in hemolysate and albumin levels in plasma. These parameters were analyzed in cord blood samples of 20 healthy neonates as control. It was observed that levels of MDA were elevated significantly (p<0.001) in patients as compared to controls and that the levels increased significantly after phototherapy (p<0.001). Levels of SOD were also found to be increased significantly as compared to controls and the levels rose after phototherapy (p<0.001). On the other hand, the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as GSH, total thiols and vitamin C were significantly low (p<0.001) as compared to controls and the levels decreased significantly after phototherapy (p<0.001). The plasma albumin levels also were found to be decreased significantly after phototherapy (p<0.01). Therefore, phototherapy increases oxidative stress and should be used with care.  相似文献