On the use of benchmarking and good practices for knowledge management for development     

Ravi S?SharmaEmail author  Makkati Iyoob Noorjahan Ahamed?Iqbal  Monina M?Victoriano 《知识管理研究与实践》2013,11(4):346-360

Is it possible that less developed societies may learn and profit from the stories and lessons of the developed economies? This paper explores the feasibility of doing so through the use of benchmarking and good practices of knowledge management policies for development. In the era of the knowledge economy, where knowledge is the key determinant of competitiveness, it is posited that it may be desirable to evenly distribute knowledge within and across societies so that trade and cooperation may take place. The study begins with a review of the literature on knowledge societies, their characteristics, the prevalence of knowledge disparities, knowledge policies for development, and the role of benchmarking and good practices in formulating such policies. A framework is proposed for identifying measures that help reduce knowledge disparity and promote development. Using this framework, a detailed analysis with data from the World Bank's Knowledge Assessment Methodology custom scorecards was conducted. A Knowledge Management Index was consequently constructed for the use of policymakers. While quantitative measures were used for benchmarking purposes, the analysis of good practices and lessons learnt was essentially qualitative. Finally, the paper concludes by underscoring the key role of benchmarking knowledge policies and learning from good practices in order to promote development.  相似文献   

Islamized Ideologies in the Pakistani Education System: The Need for Religious Literacy     

Muhammad Azeem Ashraf 《Religious education (Chicago, Ill.)》2018,113(1):3-13

This article focuses on the critical ideologies of the curriculum behind the religious education (Madrassa system) and modern education systems (public and private schools) in Pakistan. These systems use different types of curriculum and have faced many challenges in the past, particularly with regard to the curriculum itself. Both systems of education teach students to develop their personalities in favor of their own system and against the other system. Religion plays a central role in the formation of the students' personality through both systems. Thus, both systems need religious literacy for the better use of religion in Pakistani society.  相似文献   

Adjuvant effects of saponins on animal immune responses   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Rajput ZI  Hu SH  Xiao CW  Arijo AG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(3):153-161

Vaccines require optimal adjuvants including immunopotentiator and delivery systems to offer long term protection from infectious diseases in animals and man. Initially it was believed that adjuvants are responsible for promoting strong and sustainable antibody responses. Now it has been shown that adjuvants influence the isotype and avidity of antibody and also affect the properties of cell-mediated immunity. Mostly oil emulsions, lipopolysaccharides, polymers, saponins, liposomes, cytokines, ISCOMs (immunostimulating complexes), Freund’s complete adjuvant, Freund’s incomplete adjuvant, alums, bacterial toxins etc., are common adjuvants under investigation. Saponin based adjuvants have the ability to stimulate the cell mediated immune system as well as to enhance antibody production and have the advantage that only a low dose is needed for adjuvant activity. In the present study the importance of adjuvants, their role and the effect of saponin in immune system is reviewed.  相似文献   

Improvement of the efficacy of influenza vaccination （H5N1） in chicken by using extract of Cochinchina momordica seed （ECMS）   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rajput ZI  Xiao CW  Hu SH  Arijo AG  Soomro NM 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(5):331-337

Seeds of a Chinese traditional medicine plant, Cochinchina momordica were used in the present study for the improvement of influenza vaccine （HSN 1） in chicken. Crude extraction from Cochinchina momordica seed （ECMS） was obtained by ethanol extraction method. In experiment No. 1, two weeks old chickens were immunized with influenza vaccine （HSN1） alone or combined with ECMS （5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/dose）. Serum IgG antibody levels （by ELISA） as well as effects on dally weight gain were measured on 0, 7, 14 and 28th day after immunization. Results revealed that all ECMS groups numerically increased the antibody levels while 10 and 20 μg/dose groups significantly （P〈0.05） enhanced total IgG antibody on day 28, when compared with control. Average daily weight gain was also significantly higher in 20 μg/dose ECMS group. Adjuvant effect was also confirmed in experiment No. 2 when chickens were immunized with 20 μg/dose ECMS and antibody titer was measured through hemagglutination inhibition （HI）. It is concluded that ECMS has potential to improve the immune responses and deserve further study as an adjuvant.  相似文献   

Overexpression of the phytochrome B gene from Arabidopsis thaliana increases plant growth and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)     

Rao AQ  Irfan M  Saleem Z  Nasir IA  Riazuddin S  Husnain T 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(4):326-334

The phytochrome B (PHYB) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana was introduced into cotton through Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Integration and expression of PHYB gene in cotton plants were confirmed by molecular evidence. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in one of the transgenic lines, QCC11, was much higher than those of control and other transgenic lines. Transgenic cotton plants showed more than a two-fold increase in photosynthetic rate and more than a four-fold increase in transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. The increase in photosynthetic rate led to a 46% increase in relative growth rate and an 18% increase in net assimilation rate. Data recorded up to two generations, both in the greenhouse and in the field, revealed that overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana PHYB gene in transgenic cotton plants resulted in an increase in the production of cotton by improving the cotton plant growth, with 35% more yield. Moreover, the presence of the Arabidopsis thaliana PHYB gene caused pleiotropic effects like semi-dwarfism, decrease in apical dominance, and increase in boll size.  相似文献   

Morality and science teaching: expanding the idea of giving zakah     

Bunyamin  Muhammad Abd Hadi 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2019,14(2):355-360

Cultural Studies of Science Education - In this forum, I explore how science teaching and learning as a moral act needs to be based in the context of a local community. I agree with Alaina...  相似文献   

The media–terrorism symbiosis: a case study of Mumbai attacks, 2008     

Muhammad Zubair Iqbal 《亚洲交流杂志》2015,25(2):197-212

There has been a long-standing debate among scholars, policy-makers, politicians and journalists about the relationship between terrorism and the news media for whom terrorism is usually a newsworthy story. A primary focus of the debate is to investigate the media–terrorism symbiotic relationship. This paper explores this relationship through a qualitative, thematic analysis of how British TV news channels covered a major terrorist incident after the 9/11 – Mumbai attacks 2008. It examines the interpretive theme of ‘awe, terror and chaos’, and how it is selected, prioritized and developed in the presentation of the events which spread over a period of more than 72 hours. Additionally, it considers the kind of political and organizational factors that might shape or modify the editorial decision-making processes and ideological assumptions that may lie behind such coverage. Ultimately, the study maintains that British TV news outlets play an important role in mediating terrorist messages and focus primarily on images of terror and violence during the coverage of Mumbai attacks. While there are key differences between public and commercial TV news in the style and presentation of coverage, with the former being more careful in approach, the news channels concentrate on televising death and injury and the propagation of chaos and confusion in the affected city.  相似文献   

Reading sources and academic freedom as determinants of trends in English language teacher research in Egypt: an interview-based study     

Muhammad M.M. Abdel Latif 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2015,38(2):137-153

Little attention has been given to investigating the experiences of teacher researchers while undertaking their studies. In an attempt to explore what accounts for the stereotyped and imitative trends in the studies conducted by English language teachers in Egypt, the present study has explored how they select research topics and the factors influencing their research orientations and processes. The study used semi-structured interviews with 25 Egyptian teachers who were doing MA and Ph.D. studies in TESOL. It was found that they view good language teaching research as either testing the effectiveness of instructional techniques or evaluating textbooks, though most of them opt for experimental research due to its practical nature. The study also revealed that reading sources and academic freedom are the two main determinants of research trends in this context. Apart from the association found between the teacher researchers’ perceived academic freedom and the type of literature they read, the following three other factors also accounted for the relative variance in such freedom: (a) the stage undertaken in the research, (b) the number of supervisors available or assigned and (c) the research degree registered for. The article concludes with discussing the implications of these results.  相似文献   

The influence of socio-economic status and ethnicity on speech and language development     

Tehmina N. Basit  Amanda Hughes  Zafar Iqbal  Janet Cooper 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2015,23(1):115-133

A number of factors influence the speech and language development of young children. Delays in the development of speech and language can have repercussions for school attainment and life chances. This paper is based on a survey of 3- to 4-year-old children in the city of Stoke-on-Trent in the UK. It analyses the data collected from 255 children in 26 schools, and discusses the effects of socio-economic status and ethnicity on delayed or advanced language development in young children. Language development in the project was measured using the New Reynell Developmental Language Scales. The study shows mean standard scores for language Production and Comprehension within the low average range, thus demonstrating a challenge confronting nurseries/preschools in the area in preparing children for compulsory schooling. The research has implications for early years education policy and practice.  相似文献   

魅力巴基斯坦     

穆罕默德·伊夫迪哈·拉加 《文化交流》2010,(2):76-78

巴基斯坦的自然风光十分壮美,地形地势丰富多样。这里有皑皑白雪覆盖的群山,有激流缓滩、广袤的森林、一望无垠的沙漠和众多郁郁葱葱的山谷。在巴基斯坦长达900公里的海岸线上,海水清澈见底,沙滩十分干净,岸边阳光明媚、天蓝云淡,是令人向往的旅游胜地。巴基斯坦还有辉煌的艺术品和建筑物、古老的珍宝、迷人的文化、传统的节日、引以自豪的宫殿、阔绰的皇家公园,  相似文献