An international online survey of the practices and perceptions of higher education professors with respect to the assessment of learning in the classroom     

Jean‐Luc Gilles  Pascal Detroz  Jean‐Guy Blais 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2011,36(6):719-733

In a context where public action must demonstrate its effectiveness and efficiency, and where the links between teaching and the quality of learning are regularly highlighted, it seems relevant to identify the trends and logic that govern university professors’ decisions with respect to the modes of learning assessment favoured within the framework of their delivery of teaching services. Moreover, given that university teaching practices are changing rapidly due to the introduction of different views of the learning process, one might conclude that the same holds for assessment practices. Through our research work, we led to the development of a trilingual (English, French and Spanish) online survey devoted to an international investigation into the classroom assessment practices of higher education teachers. This survey proposes an online platform that will allow institutions of higher learning to document some of their current practices and to compare observed trends with what is happening elsewhere, in accordance with differing missions and traditions. These research notes are thus intended to describe the survey itself and to show how the questionnaire and individual items were structured, in addition to providing an overview of treatments within and between institutions that followed the testing.  相似文献   

Bio-electrospraying and aerodynamically assisted bio-jetting whole human blood: Interrogating cell surface marker integrity     

Pascal Joly  Naina Chavda  Ayad Eddaoudi    Suwan N. Jayasinghe 《Biomicrofluidics》2010,4(1)

Bio-electrospraying and aerodynamically assisted bio-jetting are two direct cell handling approaches recently pioneered, which have demonstrated significant applicability to the life sciences. These two bioprotocols have undergone scientific rigor, which have seen these techniques been explored in conjunction with a wide range of immortalized, primary and stem cells, and those whole organisms. Those studies have demonstrated a cellular population of >70% viable post-treatment in comparison with controls. Although, these studies assessed cellular viability, cell surface molecules play a critical role in several cellular functions, in particular, have importance to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Thus, in the studies reported herein, we demonstrate post-treated viable cells retain their cell surface marker expression levels in comparison to controls, over both short and long time points. Therefore, these studies further push back the frontiers of both bio-electrosprays and aerodynamically assisted bio-jetting in their endeavor as novel strategies for tissue engineering and regenerative biology∕medicine with possible targeted clinical utility.  相似文献   

Towards a codification of practical knowledge     

Géraldine?RixEmail author  Pascal?Lièvre 《知识管理研究与实践》2008,6(3):225-232

As practical knowledge seems to have a central place in organisational issues, we focus on possibilities of studying and formalising it. From an unusual theoretical perspective, we view practical knowledge as embodied knowing that is only manifest through action in a particular situation. Although this knowledge is largely implicit, we try to make what is articulable explicit. After highlighting the stakes involved in the codification of practices, we review the ontological and epistemological assumptions underlying the method developed. The method is founded on participant observation, a video recording of a situated subjective perspective and an ex post interview using this perspective to aid an actor in making part of his/her practical knowledge explicit. We present its implementation within research on polar expeditions in order to understand how an experienced actor deals with risks. In conclusion, we point out (1) the importance of this kind of data in knowledge management, (2) some lines of further research.  相似文献   

The impact of significant others’ actual appraisals on children’s self-perceptions: What about Cooley’s assumption for children?     

Cécile Nurra  Pascal Pansu 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2009,24(2):247-262

The aim of this paper was to study the construction of children’s self-perception relying on Cooley’s hypothesis. More precisely, we were interested in the mediation effect of significant others’ actual appraisal on self-perception by the perception of others’ actual appraisal (i.e., reflected appraisal). First, we argued that this mediation effect would occur in the domains where children have feedback from significant others (here teacher or parents). Second, we took into account two measures of reflected appraisal: reflected appraisal assessed in a classic fashion and appraisal social support assessed with Harter’s scale (1985b). We argued that reflected appraisal assessed in a classic fashion would be a better mediator of the effect of actual appraisal on self-perception by reflected appraisal in comparison to appraisal social support. In order to test these hypotheses, we conducted a study with 126 children (age 8–9), 106 parents and six teachers. The results, taken as a whole, support these hypotheses.  相似文献   

The effect of elevating the heels on spinal kinematics and kinetics during the back squat in trained and novice weight trainers     

Mark G. L. Sayers  Caroline Bachem  Pascal Schütz  William R. Taylor  Renate List  Silvio Lorenzetti 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(9):1000-1008

ABSTRACT

This research assessed the influence of various heel elevation conditions on spinal kinematic and kinetic data during loaded (25% and 50% of body weight) high-bar back squats. Ten novice (mass 67.6 ± 12.4 kg, height 1.73 ± 0.10 m) and ten regular weight trainers (mass 66.0 ± 10.7 kg, height 1.71 ± 0.09 m) completed eight repetitions at each load wearing conventional training shoes standing on the flat level floor (LF) and on an inclined board (EH). The regular weight training group performed an additional eight repetitions wearing weightlifting shoes (WS). Statistical parametric mapping (SPM1D) and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to assess differences in spinal curvature and kinetics across the shoe/floor conditions and loads. SPM1D analyses indicated that during the LF condition the novice weight trainers had greater moments around L4/L5 than the regular weight trainers during the last 20% of the lift (P < 0.05), with this difference becoming non-significant during the EH condition. This study indicates that from a perspective of spinal safety, it appears advantageous for novice weight trainers to perform back squats with their heels slightly elevated, while regular weight trainers appear to realize only limited benefits performing back squats with either EH or WS.  相似文献   

Hydrodynamic characteristics of sea kayak traditional paddles     

Pascal Hémon 《Sports Engineering》2018,21(3):189-197

We present a study of the hydrodynamic characteristics of sea kayak paddles without taking into account the kayaker. We focus on traditional paddles used in the Arctic, one from Greenland and one from the Aleutian Islands. A basic modern European paddle is included in the study for comparison. First the paddle stroke parameters specific to sea kayaking are identified because previous studies were devoted to a competition context. The hydrodynamic force generated by the blade motion is detailed: two terms are identified, one involving the inertia of the water surrounding the blade at the beginning of its motion, and the second term is the classical drag/lift force. Drag and lift force coefficients were measured in a wind tunnel. The data allow computation of the hydrodynamic force during a paddle stroke. The European paddle was shown to be more efficient than the traditional paddles because of its shorter length to width ratio which contributed to a larger inertia effect. However, the force obtained with the traditional paddles better follows the imposed motion by the kayaker so that they are more comfortable and less tiring in the context of long distance trips, as those practiced in sea kayaking.  相似文献   

Dennis R. Judd and Susan S. Fainstein (eds.): The Tourist City     

Pascal Tremblay 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2001,25(3):235-238

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Learning the norm of internality: NetNorm,a connectionist model     

Bollon?Thierry  Paignon?Adeline  Pansu?PascalEmail author 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2011,26(3):303-317

The objective of the present article is to show that connectionist simulations can be used to model some of the socio-cognitive processes underlying the learning of the norm of internality. For our simulations, we developed a connectionist model which we called NetNorm (based on Dual-Network formalism). This model is capable of simulating the implicit learning of this social norm through a simple process of situation/reinforcement association. In a second simulation, we simulated a non-linear learning in order to reproduce the triple inflexion in the internality learning curve that has been observed for children entering high school. The results support those previously reported in the literature. Moreover, our simulations could be used to develop new experimental predictions.  相似文献   

一种实时模拟血管中引导线变形的有限元模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张秋葵  罗立民  舒华忠 《东南大学学报》2008,24(1):50-54

为了实时仿真微创介入手术过程中引导线在外力作用下的变形,提出了一种适合于描述纤细物体力学特性的模型.通过对引导线的仿真,医生可以在术前预演手术,并选择最佳的手术方案.模型采用多体结构离散化引导线,根据弹性理论推导出引导线的弹性能是节点位移的多项式函数,病人的血管四面体网格模型可从血管的三角面网格模型拓广得到,并将共轭梯度法能量下降的过程应用于引导线变形过程的模拟.实验结果表明:由于模型的弹性能和节点位移呈多项式函数关系,共轭梯度法的求解得到了有效的简化,模型的效率有显著提高.与目前广泛采用的显式计算模型相比不仅稳定且更快速.模型可应用于血管中引导线变形的实时仿真.  相似文献   

Perspectives on intellectual capital: multidisciplinary insights into management,measurement, and reporting     

Pascal A J Massawe 《知识管理研究与实践》2008,6(4):360-361

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