Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR) Maintained Research Institutes’ Libraries in India: Towards Digitization and Networking     

P. K. Jain 《International Information and Library Review》2003,35(2-4):217

The Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR) was established for development of social science research in India. It provides grants to 27 research institutes and six regional centers in India. These institutes have established close links with scholars in the region through activities such as seminars, workshops, training, and consultancy programs. Some of the institutes are closely associated with national and state level planning development agencies and have thereby strengthened the links between research and policy-making. The present study includes 22 institute libraries and three regional libraries in different Indian states. The study analyses their annual acquisition of books; periodicals; CD-ROMs; annual budgets; computerization; hardware and software; Internet; library network; and interlibrary loan and photocopy facilities available in these libraries. Digitization provides a solution to traditional library problems such as conservation, preservation, multimedia documents, and remote access to information, collection, and storage space. ICSSR institute libraries are replacing conventional storage and network systems with digital systems. The progress is a bit slow. Only a few ICSSR institute libraries are subscribing to electronic journals and having electronic documents. ICSSR institute libraries have started computerized operations and are making vigorous attempts to have digitized collections. However, these libraries are required to understand literature growth and use patterns in the social sciences.  相似文献   

Induced charge electro osmotic mixer: Obstacle shape optimization     

Mranal Jain  Anthony Yeung    K. Nandakumar 《Biomicrofluidics》2009,3(2)

Efficient mixing is difficult to achieve in miniaturized devices due to the nature of low Reynolds number flow. Mixing can be intentionally induced, however, if conducting or nonconducting obstacles are embedded within the microchannel. In the case of conducting obstacles, vortices can be generated in the vicinity of the obstacle due to induced charge electro-osmosis (ICEO) which enhances mixing of different streams: the obstacle shape affects the induced zeta potential on the conducting surface, which in turn influences the flow profile near the obstacle. This study deals with optimization of the geometric shape of a conducting obstacle for the purpose of micromixing. The obstacle boundary is parametrically represented by nonuniform rational B-spline curves. The optimal obstacle shape, which maximizes the mixing for given operating conditions, is found using genetic algorithms. Various case studies at different operating conditions demonstrated that the near right triangle shape provides optimal mixing in the ICEO flow dominant regime, whereas rectangular shape is the optimal shape in diffusion dominant regime. The tradeoff between mixing and transport is examined for symmetric and nonsymmetric obstacle shapes.  相似文献   

ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool Children's Version (ICAST-C): Instrument development and multi-national pilot testing     

Adam J. Zolotor  Desmond K. Runyan  Michael P. Dunne  Dipty Jain  Helga R. Péturs  Clemencia Ramirez  Elena Volkova  Sibnath Deb  Victoria Lidchi  Tufail Muhammad  Oksana Isaeva 《Child abuse & neglect》2009,33(11):833-841

ObjectiveTo develop a child victimization survey among a diverse group of child protection experts and examine the performance of the instrument through a set of international pilot studies.MethodsThe initial draft of the instrument was developed after input from scientists and practitioners representing 40 countries. Volunteers from the larger group of scientists participating in the Delphi review of the ICAST P and R reviewed the ICAST C by email in 2 rounds resulting in a final instrument. The ICAST C was then translated and back translated into six languages and field tested in four countries using a convenience sample of 571 children 12–17 years of age selected from schools and classrooms to which the investigators had easy access.ResultsThe final ICAST C Home has 38 items and the ICAST C Institution has 44 items. These items serve as screeners and positive endorsements are followed by queries for frequency and perpetrator. Half of respondents were boys (49%). Endorsement for various forms of victimization ranged from 0 to 51%. Many children report violence exposure (51%), physical victimization (55%), psychological victimization (66%), sexual victimization (18%), and neglect in their homes (37%) in the last year. High rates of physical victimization (57%), psychological victimization (59%), and sexual victimization (22%) were also reported in schools in the last year. Internal consistency was moderate to high (alpha between .685 and .855) and missing data low (less than 1.5% for all but one item).ConclusionsIn pilot testing, the ICAST C identifies high rates of child victimization in all domains. Rates of missing data are low, and internal consistency is moderate to high. Pilot testing demonstrated the feasibility of using child self-report as one strategy to assess child victimization.Practice implicationsThe ICAST C is a multi-national, multi-lingual, consensus-based survey instrument. It is available in six languages for international research to estimate child victimization. Assessing the prevalence of child victimization is critical in understanding the scope of the problem, setting national and local priorities, and garnering support for program and policy development aimed at child protection.  相似文献   

Emerging Trend of Mutation Profile of rpoB Gene in MDR Tuberculosis, North India     

Jemil S. Makadia  Anju Jain  Surajeet Kumar Patra  B. L. Sherwal  Ashwani Khanna 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(4):370-374

The present study was conducted on North Indian population to observe rpoB gene mutation profile in multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This was an observational study. 30 cases of MDR-TB proven by culture and drug sensitivity were selected. DNA sequencing of 81 bp (codon 507–533) long RRDR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was done to detect the sites of mutation. Out of 30 cases, 24 showed a single mutation in the RRDR region of rpoB gene in which 16 (53.33 %) showed mutation in codon 531(TCG→TTG), 5 cases (16.66 %) showed mutation in codon 526(CAC→TAC), mutation in codon 516(GAC→GTC, AAC) was present in 3 cases (10 %). It was also observed that mutation in more than one codon was present in 4 cases (13.33 %), which included deletion at codon 509(AGC→–GC), mutation at 513(CAA→CTA), 516, 526, 529(CGA→CTA) and 531. No mutation was detected in RRDR in 2 cases (6.66 %). Our finding of 13.33 % cases with multiple sites of mutation in RRDR region is in contrast to earlier studies done in North India which showed single mutation detected in RRDR of rpoB gene that highlights the emerging change in the trend of mutation profile of rpoB gene in rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.  相似文献   

A systems approach in working with learning disabled children: implications for the school     

M C Fish  S Jain 《Journal of learning disabilities》1985,18(10):592-595

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Globalization: A Brief Primer for Counselors     

Daniel M. Paredes  Kyoung Mi Choi  Maria Dipal  Arline R. A. C. Edwards-Joseph  Nikolai Ermakov  Ana T. Gouveia  Sachin Jain  Chieko Koyama  J. Scott Hinkle  James M. Benshoff 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2008,30(3):155-166

The concept of globalization elicits a wide range of reactions among the public, policy makers, and academics (Bennhold 2007; Bradsher 2006; Cheng 2005; Dobbs 2004; Friedman 2005; Gilbert 2006; Oppenheimer 2005; Stiglitz 2006; Winestock 2001; World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization 2004). Increased understanding of globalization can help counselors recognize their influential role as one of the few groups of professionals that operate in schools, mental health, and career counseling settings. Because the consequences of globalization impact every aspect of life, counselors have a responsibility to understand globalization systemically, including how it impacts the practice of counseling and how to help their clients function effectively in the context of globalization. In this article, which is intended as a primer for continued dialogue, globalization is introduced as an issue to be further studied and responded to by professional organizations around the world. Examples of globalization are offered and a case is made for continued collaboration between quality assurance and membership organizations in addressing globalization.  相似文献   

Status of epidermal growth factor receptors family in hormone-dependent carcinomas of the breast and prostate with reference to serum lipids and lipoproteins     

D. Jain  A. Ray  A. K. Bahadur  K. U. Chaturvedi  R. Sood  S. Sharma  S. L. D. Naik  B. K. Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):42-51

There are numerous growing evidences of resemblance between carcinomas of the breast and prostate. A total of 45 cases of these two hormone-dependent cancers along with appropriate controls were subjected for status of epidermal growth factor receptors as well as serum lipid profile. Paraffin embedded tissue sections from aforesald tumours were analysed by immunohistochemical staining for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR). Sera from same individuals were studied for serum lipid profile analysis. The study revealed that immunoexpression of all receptor proteins (EGF-R). c-erbB-2 was significantly higher in breast carcinoma. In addition, mean levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol were found to be significantly elevated while the level of HDL-cholesterol was observed to be lower among patients with breast cancer as compared to matched controls. Further, ER-positive breast cancer cases have significantly higher mean level of HDL-cholesterol when compared with ER-negative breast cancer patients. Contrary to this, no alteration in different serum lipid fractions was noticed among the patients with prostate cancer. However, a positive relationship was noticed between immunoexpressions of EGF-R and c-erbB-2 in prostate cancer.  相似文献   

Molecular mechanism of pathogenesis of dengue virus: Entry and fusion with target cell     

Seema  S. K. Jain 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(2):92-103

Dengue fever is one of the major health problems in India. Interaction with specific receptor(s) at the cell surface is one of the first events in the pathogenesis of Dengue virus. However, relatively little is known about these receptors. Cellular receptors in human monocytes and mouse neural cells are main target for the viral infection. The envelope protein of the virus (E-protein) plays important role in attachment of virus to target cells and their interaction with cellular receptors. The modulation of receptor gene(s) and/or protein(s) can be used as a method for interfering with virus entry and can thus become a new method for disease prevention. The receptors can be purified by affinity chromatography using E-protein as ligand. It has been reported that addition of highly sulfated heparan sulfate prevents E-protein binding to target cells suggesting that heparan sulfate is utilized by dengue envelope protein to bind to target cells.  相似文献   

Optimization theory : by David L. Russell. 405 pages. New York,Benjamin, 1970. Price $7.95 (paper-back, $17.50 (hard cover) (approx. £3·15 and £6·32, respectively).     

Ramesh C. Jain 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1973,296(3):222-223

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Theorizing Interactivity's Effects     

S. Shyam Sundar 《The Information Society》2004,20(5):385-389

Noting that interactivity is often defined but seldom theorized in the literature, this article provides some pointers for developing theories about effects of interactivity, particularly as it applies to Web-based mass communication. It first makes the case that interactivity is an attribute of the technology and not that of the user. It exposes the tautology of studying the effects of perceived interactivity and calls for the consideration of ontological aspects that constitute interactivity while specifying its social and psychological effects. Theoretical explorations may be categorized in terms of three classes of outcome measures—behavioral, attitudinal, and cognitive—as we investigate the role played by interactivity in initiating action, changing attitudes, and altering the nature of information processing. These would result in theories about technology rather than psychology in that they help us specify direct and combination effects of interactivity, modality, navigability, and other technological attributes of the Web medium.  相似文献