Individual differences in decision-making and confidence: capturing decision tendencies in a fictitious medical test     

Simon A. Jackson  Sabina Kleitman 《Metacognition and Learning》2014,9(1):25-49

Decision-making is a complex process that is largely studied from an experimental perspective or in specific organizational contexts. As such, no generalizable framework exists with which to study decision-making from an individual differences perspective for predictive/selection purposes. By generalising a context-specific decision model proposed by Koriat and Goldsmith (1996), the focus of this research was to therefore test a novel framework for studying individual differences in decision-making tendencies. Utilising this framework within a fictitious Medical Decision-Making Test (MDMT) yielded five novel variables that provided unique insight into individuals’ decision tendencies: Optimal, Realistic, Incompetent, Hesitant and Congruent. Metacognitive confidence and its calibration (bias and CAQ) were used as predictor variables to validate this framework. One hundred ninety-three undergraduate students completed the MDMT and three cognitive ability tests with confidence ratings, a personality questionnaire, and the Need for Closure questionnaire. All decision tendency variables demonstrated excellent internal consistency and were predicted by the metacognitive variables incrementally to the remaining variables as hypothesized. Additionally, the metacognitive indices were found to generalize across the decision-making and cognitive tests. The results imply that this novel framework and MDMT reliably capture individuals’ decision behaviour that shares a meaningful relationship with their general confidence and calibration.  相似文献   

“Whatever is,is wrong”: Antinomianism and the teaching of journalism history     

Marvin Olasky 《Academic Questions》1990,3(1):40-50

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Reviews     

K. A. Percy  George Psacharopoulos  Johan P. Olsen  Michalina Vaughan  Leslie Purdy  K. C. Mukherjee  Max Streit  D. J. Hounsell  Marvin W. Peterson 《Higher Education》1974,3(4):473-478

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Caught between different worlds: Teachers and educational change     

Simon McGrath 《International Journal of Educational Development》2008

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Does exercise motivation predict engagement in objectively assessed bouts of moderate-intensity exercise? A self-determination theory perspective     

Standage M  Sebire SJ  Loney T 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2008,30(4):337-352

This study examined the utility of motivation as advanced by self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000) in predicting objectively assessed bouts of moderate intensity exercise behavior. Participants provided data pertaining to their exercise motivation. One week later, participants wore a combined accelerometer and heart rate monitor (Actiheart; Cambridge Neurotechnology Ltd) and 24-hr energy expenditure was estimated for 7 days. After controlling for gender and a combined marker of BMI and waist circumference, results showed autonomous motivation to positively predict moderate-intensity exercise bouts of >or=10 min, or=20 min, and an accumulation needed to meet public health recommendations for moderate intensity activity (i.e., ACSM/AHA guidelines). The present findings add bouts of objectively assessed exercise behavior to the growing body of literature that documents the adaptive consequences of engaging in exercise for autonomous reasons. Implications for practice and future work are discussed.  相似文献   

Issues and problems in the planning of education in developing countries: Vol. 1, by Russell G. Davis,Harvard University Press, 1980     

Simon Ndirangu 《International Journal of Educational Development》1982,2(1):92-93

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Comparison of student outcomes for science-a process approach and traditional science teaching for third,fourth, fifth,and sixth grade classes: A product evaluation     

Marvin F. Wideen 《科学教学研究杂志》1975,12(1):31-39

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Anpassungserscheinungen durch Schul- und Leistungssport im Kindesalter     

W. Kindermann  J. Keul  G. Simon  H. Reindell 《Sportwissenschaft》1978,8(2-3):222-234

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A comparison of factual teaching and conceptual teaching in introductory college astronomy     

Marvin B. Strope  A. L. Braswell 《科学教学研究杂志》1966,4(2):95-95

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The evolution of innovation capability in multinational enterprise subsidiaries: Dual network embeddedness and the divergence of subsidiary specialisation in Taiwan     

Simon C. Collinson  Rowena Wang 《Research Policy》2012,41(9):1501-1518

This paper examines how innovation-related capabilities for production, design and marketing develop at the subsidiary level within multinational enterprises (MNEs). We focus on how subsidiary autonomy and changing opportunities to access external (host country) sources of capability contribute to the accumulation of specialist capabilities in five Taiwan-based MNE subsidiaries in the semiconductor industry. Longitudinal analysis shows how the accumulation process is subject to discontinuities, as functional divisions are (re)opened and closed during the lifetime of the subsidiary. A composite set of innovation output measures also shows significant variations in within-function levels of capability across our sample. We conclude that subsidiary specialisation and unique subsidiary-specific advantages have evolved in a way that is strongly influenced by the above factors.  相似文献