The relationship between sexual abuse during childhood and parenting outcomes: modeling direct and indirect pathways     

Schuetze P  Eiden RD 《Child abuse & neglect》2005,29(6):645-659

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and parenting outcomes including parenting stress, feelings of competence and discipline strategies. Maternal depression and current partner violence were hypothesized to be mediators of the association between CSA and parenting. METHOD: This study is based on secondary data analysis of archived data. The participants were 263 primiparous mothers (107 with a history of CSA and 156 comparison mothers recruited from a prenatal clinic prior to the birth of their first child. Mothers were interviewed twice: once when they were between 28 and 32 weeks gestation and again when their child was between 2 and 4 years of age. During the first interview, women were asked about childhood experiences of sexual abuse. During their second interview, they were asked about current symptoms of pathology and experiences with partner violence and parenting beliefs and practices. RESULTS: Structural Equation Modeling indicated that the relationship between CSA and punitive discipline was mediated by maternal depression and current partner violence. CSA was associated with higher maternal depression and higher partner violence. CSA, maternal depression, and current partner violence were associated with more negative parental perceptions and higher punitive discipline. Once maternal depression and current partner violence were in the model, the relationship between CSA and parenting outcomes was no different from zero. CONCLUSION: These results highlight the risks associated with CSA for parenting outcomes and suggest two potential pathways for this increased risk.  相似文献   

Estimation of the levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in cardiac blood samples by a simple and indigenous enzyme linked immunosorbent assay     

Nibhriti Das  Vishva Deb  K. Gokulan  Amit Ganguli 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1996,11(2):142-147

Levels of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) were estimated in twenty four blood samples collected from the right and the left ventricles of the patients undergoing cardiac catheterization by an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) developed to the sensitivity of 5 pp/well and within 10% of interassay coeficient of variance. Simultaneously, levels of ANP in plasma samples from the systemic venous blood of seventy five normal subjects were also estimated which ranged between 25–60 pg/ml.  相似文献   

Biochemical diagnosis of alcoholism     

Subir Kumar Das  D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):35-42

Medically diagnosed alcoholics can be differentiated reliably from non-alcoholics using clinically laboratory tests. In the present study, patients with liver diseases either due to alcohol or without alcohol compared with a group of normal healthy persons. Heavy drinkers showed significantly lower body weight and percent body fat, and low BMI compared with other groups. The percentage of hemoglobin and total number of RBC were found to be significantly decreased, whereas mean corpuscular volume (MCV) significantly increased in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Hyperbilirubinemia, hyperuricemia and hypoalbuminemia correlate with alcohol intake. Albumin/globulin ratio significantly decreased in ALD. In acute liver injury AST/ALT ratio is ≤1.0, whereas in alcoholic hepatitis it is always >1.0. Moderately elevated level of ALP and high GGT values are good discriminator of alcoholic patients. Alcohol-induced liver injury is linked to oxidative stress as observed by decreased level of reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid, and increased level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.  相似文献   

PASS认知成分和语音意识在中英文阅读中的作用     

游寒琳  宋新燕  孙玲  邓赐平  J.P.Das  孟祥芝 《中国特殊教育》2011,(4)

该研究旨在了解PASS理论包含的基本认知过程(计划、注意、同时加工和序列加工)与中英文阅读的关系.对三、四、五年级共102名被试施测了中英文阅读测验,中英文语音意识测验以及CAS认知评估测试.相关分析发现,中文识字量和阅读流畅性均与计划显著相关,英文真词辨认与计划和序列加工的相关显著,英文假词辨认则与计划和同时加工显著相关.回归分析发现,英文中,语音意识对阅读的解释力大于PASS认知过程,但计划、同时加工和序列加工的解释亦达到显著,中文中,PASS认知过程对阅读的解释力大于语音意识,且计划的解释力最高.结果既验证了PASS认知过程在英文阅读中的作用,也发现中文阅读有不同于英文阅读的认知特点.  相似文献   

Reference Interval Determination of Total Plasma Homocysteine in an Indian Population     

Kapil D. Lahiri  Himadri Datta  Harendra N. Das 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(1):74-78

Hyperhomocysteinemia has been shown to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease as well as retinal vascular occlusion. Because of the epidemiological, dietary, genetic and environmental diversity among the different countries, each country should establish the reference interval of homocysteine of their own population for recommending appropriate medical decision limits. Hence a total of 1,288 apparently healthy subjects including 636 male and 652 female were enrolled in the present study to determine the reference intervals of homocysteine in an Indian population. Results of the study were presented as mean, standard deviation, median and 2.5th and 97.5th percentile with the 0.90 confidence interval of each percentile values of homocysteine along with decade-wise changes.  相似文献   

Hiring a professional medical writer: is it equivalent to ghostwriting?     

Natasha Das  Saurendra Das 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2014,24(1):19-24

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Cognitive processing skills and developmental dyslexia in Chinese     

Wang X  Georgiou GK  Das JP  Li Q 《Journal of learning disabilities》2012,45(6):526-537

The purpose of the present study was twofold: (a) to examine the extent to which Chinese dyslexic children experience deficits in phonological and orthographic processing skills and (b) to examine if Chinese dyslexia is associated with deficits in Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, and Successive (PASS) processing. A total of 27 Grade 4 children with dyslexia (DYS), 27 Grade 4 chronological age (CA) controls, and 27 Grade 2 reading age (RA) controls were tested on measures of phonological awareness, rapid naming, phonological memory, PASS, reading accuracy, and reading fluency. The results indicated that the DYS group performed significantly poorer than the CA and RA groups on both measures of phonological awareness and on a measure of orthographic processing but comparably to the RA group on a measure of rapid naming and both measures of phonological memory. In regard to the PASS processing skills, the DYS group performed worse than the CA controls on Successive and Simultaneous processing but comparably to the RA group on all PASS processing skills. Implications of these findings for early identification and intervention of reading difficulties are discussed.  相似文献   

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on caregiver mental health and the child caregiving environment in a low-resource,rural context     

Helen O. Pitchik  Fahmida Tofail  Fahmida Akter  Jesmin Sultana  AKM Shoab  Tarique M. N. Huda  Jenna E. Forsyth  Natasha Kaushal  Tania Jahir  Farzana Yeasmin  Rizwana Khan  Jyoti B. Das  Md. Khobair Hossain  Md. Rezaul Hasan  Mahbubur Rahman  Peter J. Winch  Stephen P. Luby  Lia C. H. Fernald 《Child development》2021,92(5):e764-e780

Early child development has been influenced directly and indirectly by the COVID-19 pandemic, and these effects are exacerbated in contexts of poverty. This study estimates effects of the pandemic and subsequent population lockdowns on mental health, caregiving practices, and freedom of movement among female caregivers of children 6–27 months (50% female), in rural Bangladesh. A cohort (N = 517) was assessed before and during the pandemic (May–June, 2019 and July–September, 2020). Caregivers who experienced more food insecurity and financial loss during the pandemic reported larger increases in depressive symptoms (0.26 SD, 95% CI 0.08–0.44; 0.21 SD, 0.04–0.40) compared to less affected caregivers. Stimulating caregiving and freedom of movement results were inconsistent. Increases in depressive symptoms during the pandemic may have consequences for child development.  相似文献   

Comparing the contribution of two tests of working memory to reading in relation to phonological awareness and rapid naming speed     

George K. Georgiou  J. P. Das  Denyse V. Hayward 《Journal of Research in Reading》2008,31(3):302-318

The purpose of this study was to compare the contribution of two different versions of working memory to word reading and reading comprehension in relation to phonological awareness and rapid naming speed. Fifty children were administered two measures of working memory, namely an adaptation of the Daneman and Carpenter sentence span task and Sentence Question, tests of phonological awareness, rapid naming speed, word reading and reading comprehension. The results indicated that Sentence Question accounted for unique variance over and beyond the effects of Daneman and Carpenter's sentence span task, whereas the latter did not when the effects of Sentence Question were partialled out. In addition, both phonological awareness and rapid naming were accounting for unique variance beyond the effects of working memory in predicting reading. The role of working memory on reading is discussed, and future directions for research are suggested.  相似文献