The role of self-determined motivation in the understanding of exercise-related behaviours, cognitions and physical self-evaluations     

Thøgersen-Ntoumani C  Ntoumanis N 《Journal of sports sciences》2006,24(4):393-404

Grounded in self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985), the purpose of the present study was to examine whether amotivation, self-determined and controlling types of motivation could predict a range of exercise-related behaviours, cognitions and physical self-evaluations. Exercisers (n = 375) from ten health clubs in the North of England completed questionnaires measuring exercise motivation, exercise stages of change, number of relapses from exercise, future intention to exercise, barriers self-efficacy, physical self-worth and social physique anxiety. Controlling for age and sex, multiple and logistic regression analyses supported our hypotheses by showing self-determined motivation (i.e. intrinsic motivation and identified regulation) to predict more adaptive behavioural, cognitive and physical self-evaluation patterns than external regulation and amotivation. Introjected regulation was related to both adaptive and maladaptive outcomes. Furthermore, a multivariate analysis of variance revealed that exercisers in the maintenance stage of change displayed significantly more self-determined motivation to exercise than those in the preparation and action stages. The results illustrate the importance of promoting self-determined motivation in exercisers to improve the quality of their experiences, as well as to foster their exercise behaviour. Future research should examine the mechanisms that promote self-determined motivation in exercise.  相似文献   

Oral Nicotine Induces Oxidative Stress and Inflammation but Does Not Subvert Tumor Suppressor and DNA Repair Responses in Mice     

Angom Ranjana Devi  Mahuya Sengupta  Dipu Mani Barman  Yashmin Choudhury 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(3):296

Nicotine, responsible for the addictive properties of tobacco, is widely used in nicotine replacement therapy for tobacco use cessation. We investigated the time-dependent effect of treatment with nicotine on the tumor suppressor, DNA repair and immune responses. Swiss Albino mice (laca strain) of both sexes received nicotine dissolved at a dose of 100 µg/ml in 2% sucrose for 24 weeks, by oral gavage, while age- and gender-matched controls received only 2% sucrose for the same period. Nicotine-treated and control mice were sacrificed 6, 16 and 24 weeks post-treatment, and their tissues evaluated for alterations in histology, oxidative stress, TNF-α levels, nitric oxide (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) release, tumor suppressor response and DNA repair response. Statistical significance of results was determined using Students’ t test. The tissues of nicotine treated mice exhibited a large number of multinucleated and binucleated cells, enlarged nuclei and non-uniform distribution of cells, significant increase in expression of TNF-α gene and serum TNF-α, and time-dependent significant increase in lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, NO and MPO release when compared to age-and gender-matched controls. The mRNA expression of the tumor suppressor gene p53, its primary regulator Mdm2, and the DNA repair genes Brca2 and Ape1 were significantly elevated, but the corresponding protein levels remained largely unaltered. In conclusion, treatment with nicotine caused oxidative stress and inflammation which can cause widespread cellular damage from the very onset of treatment, without subverting the tumor suppressor and DNA repair responses.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s12291-020-00903-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

Social merit as a criterion of scientific choice: Its application in Dutch science policy     

I. Th. M. Snellen 《Minerva》1983,21(1):16-36

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The harmful aspect of teacher conditional support on students’ self-perception of school competence     

Marine Hascoët  Pascal Pansu  Thèrèse Bouffard  Nadia Leroy 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2018,33(4):615-628

When children perceive a conditional support, they only feel loved and encouraged for their ability to meet others’ standards. This may lead them to develop high sensitivity to errors and anxiety and low perception of competence. In this study, we examined the relationship between the perceived conditional support from teacher and children’s self-perception of school competence. We tested the mediating effect of sensitivity to errors and test anxiety in the relationship between teacher conditional support and children’s perception of school competence. Participants were 524 elementary school students (aged 9–10 years). The results showed that the greater the extent to which the children perceived conditional support from their teacher, the lower their self-perceived scholastic competence. They also confirm that this relationship was mediated by sensitivity to errors and test anxiety.  相似文献   

Developing the ability to recontextualise cellular respiration: an explorative study in recontextualising biological concepts     

Menno Wierdsma  Kerst Th. Boersma  Marie-Christine Knippels  Bert van Oers 《International Journal of Science Education》2016,38(15):2388-2413

In many science education practices, students are expected to develop an understanding of scientific knowledge without being allowed a view of the practices and cultures that have developed and use this knowledge. Therefore, students should be allowed to develop scientific concepts in relation to the contexts in which those concepts are used. Since many concepts are used in a variety of contexts, students need to be able to recontextualise and transfer their understanding of a concept from one context to another. This study aims to develop a learning and teaching strategy for recontextualising cellular respiration. This article focuses on students’ ability to recontextualise cellular respiration. The strategy allowed students to develop their understanding of cellular respiration by exploring its use and meaning in different contexts. A pre- and post-test design was used to test students’ understanding of cellular respiration. The results indicate that while students did develop an acceptable understanding of cellular respiration, they still had difficulty with recontextualising the concept to other contexts. Possible explanations for this ack of understanding are students’ familiarity with the biological object of focus in a context, the manner in which this object is used in a context and students’ understanding of specific elements of cellular respiration during the lessons. Although students did develop an adequate understanding of the concept, they do need more opportunities to practice recontextualising the concept in different contexts. Further research should focus on improving the strategy presented here and developing strategies for other core concepts in science.  相似文献   

The effects of middle-school career intervention on students’ career readiness     

Babarović  Toni  Dević  Ivan  Blažev  Mirta 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2020,20(2):429-450

International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance - The study examines the effectiveness of a career intervention in middle schools. The intervention was organized in eight...  相似文献   

Using blended learning and out-of-school visits: pedagogies for effective science teaching in the twenty-first century     

Sandhya Devi Coll  Richard Kevin Coll 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2018,36(2):185-204

Background: Recent research and curriculum reforms have indicated the need for diversifying teaching approaches by drawing upon student interest and engagement in ways which makes learning science meaningful. Purpose: This study examines the integration of informal/free choice learning which occurred during learning experiences outside school (LEOS) with classroom learning using digital technologies. Specifically, the digital technologies comprised a learning management system (LMS), Moodle, which fits well with students’ lived experiences and their digital world. Design and Method: This study examines three out-of-school visits to Informal Science Institutes (ISI) using a digitally integrated fieldtrip inventory (DIFI) Model. Research questions were analysed using thematic approach emerging along with semi-structured interviews, before, during and after the visit, and assessing students’ learning experiences. Data comprised photographs, field notes, and unobtrusive observations of the classroom, wiki postings, student work books and teacher planning diaries. Results: We argue, that pre- and post-visit planning using the DIFI Model is more likely to engage learners, and the use of a digital learning platform was even more likely to encourage collaborative learning. The conclusion can also be drawn that students’ level of motivation for collaborative learning positively correlates with their improvement in academic achievement.  相似文献   

Two dimensional potential mapping-Monte Carlo simulation     

J Meena Devi  K Ramachandran 《Resonance》2005,10(7):73-84

A very useful experiment of two dimensional potential mapping, namely electrolytic tank model, for graduate and post graduate level physics students is given here. Laplace's equation is solved for the above and the results are compared with the experiment. The agreement is so good that this is extended to complex problems. Monte Carlo simulation, an alternative to the above experiment, is developed for these complex problems and compared with the experimental results of electrolytic tank model.  相似文献   

Increase in calcium content of erythrocyte and its significance to the function of enzyme calcium activated neutral protease (CANP) activity in β- thalassemia homozygotes and heterozygotes     

CH. V. Ramana Devi  M. P. J. S. Anandaraj 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1994,9(1):21-23

The enhanced presence of calcium in the erythrocytes of thalassemia homozygotes along with an increase in cytosolic and membrane bound CANP, and a decrease in membrane glycoprotein and total membrane sulfhydryl groups are statistically significant changes.In vitro loading of erythrocytes with calcium in the presence of lonophore A₂₃₁₈₇ caused similar changes pointing to the significance of calcium mediated proteolysis, especially by CANP in preparing erythrocytes for the phagocytic event.  相似文献   

Correlation of serum retinol and its relation with lipid prolile in Indian cancer patients     

Mittal  Rama Devi  Mittal  Balraj 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(1):36-39

The present study was undertaken to investigate the relation of retinol with lipid profile of patients with cancers of breast, stomach, oesophagus, colon, gallbladder, pancreas, lung and cervix. Serum retinol was assayed in 120 patients and 40 healthy normal control by reverse phase HPLC using CLC-ODS C-18 columns and retinyl acetate as an internal standard. Significant decease in serum cholesterol and LDL was observed in patients with cancers of esophagus, colon, stomach, pancreas and gallbladder respectively. Retinol was reduced in all forms of cancers but pronounced decrease was observed in oesophagus, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach and colon. Serum Retinol in all patients was directly correlated with total cholesterol and LDL. These findings suggest that therapeutic modalities of this vitamin could be planned for these patients, as vitamin A is known to act as an antioxidant for prevention of certain cancers.  相似文献