NEW DIRECTIONS IN THE STUDY OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN TEMPERAMENT: A BRAIN–BODY APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING FEARFUL AND FEARLESS CHILDREN     

Vladimir Miskovic  Louis A. Schmidt 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2012,77(2):28-38

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中俄天然气贸易安全格局与态势     

李泽红  李静楠  杨洋  VladimirA.Kolosov  任扬  TcogtoBazarzhapov  陈枫 《资源科学》2018,40(11):2143-2153

中俄天然气合作对两国天然气贸易安全具有重要影响。已有研究对于天然气贸易安全评价以定性分析为主,近年来越来越多的研究开始采用定量方法评价天然气贸易安全。本文基于HHI指数(赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数),构建了天然气进口和出口安全评价体系,科学评估了在不同因素影响下中俄天然气贸易安全格局与态势。研究表明：中国天然气进口多元化程度逐渐提升,从俄罗斯进口天然气比例呈上升趋势在均衡中国天然气进口来源、降低中国天然气进口风险总体具有积极作用;俄罗斯逐渐增加的天然气出口潜力对于提升中国进口安全产生正向作用;价格因素对中国天然气贸易安全影响显著;俄罗斯出口中国的天然气占俄罗斯天然气出口总量的比例提升在一定程度上对俄罗斯天然气出口安全产生积极影响;中国不断增加的天然气进口潜力带来的正效应相对抵消了俄罗斯主要天然气出口国天然气需求下降带来的负效应;近年来天然气价格下跌,对俄罗斯天然气出口安全产生明显负效应;未来几年,中俄天然气贸易量的急剧增加将使中国天然气进口集聚程度提升,应防范天然气进口风险上升。  相似文献   

Private Higher Education in Russia: capacity for innovation and investment     

Vladimir A. Geroimenko  Grigori A. Kliucharev  W. John Morgan 《European Journal of Education》2012,47(1):77-91

This article considers the potential role of private institutions in the development of Russian higher education. After decades of a government centralised higher education system, there is a clear trend towards the privatisation of education institutions and the diversification of education practices. Some commentators consider this to indicate that the Russian State is losing control of education; others welcome private initiatives, both in formal and informal education. Russian higher education has also been greatly challenged by the current demographic gap: the total number of secondary school graduates expected in 2012 is half that of 2006. This strengthens the competition for the enrolment of students in private and public (federal and municipal) institutions. Based on recent interviews with senior management at a number of provincial private universities, this article suggests possible avenues for private universities to extend into the education market and considers the implications.  相似文献   

The impact of structured teaching methods on the quality of education in Brazil     

Maria Carolina Leme  Paula Louzano  Vladimir Ponczek  André Portela Souza 《Economics of Education Review》2012

This paper estimates the impact of the use of structured methods on the quality of education for students in primary public school in Brazil. Structured methods encompass a range of pedagogical and managerial instruments applied in the educational system. In recent years, several municipalities in the state of São Paulo have contracted out private educational providers to implement these structured methods in their schooling systems. Their pedagogical proposal involves structuring of curriculum content, development of teacher and student textbooks, and the training and supervision of teachers and instructors. Using a difference-in-differences estimation strategy, we find that the 4th- and 8th-grade students in the municipalities with structured methods performed better in Portuguese and mathematics than did students in municipalities not exposed to these methods. We find no differences in passing rates. A robustness test supports the assumption that there is no unobserved municipal characteristics associated with proficiency changes over time that may affect the results.  相似文献   

THE EFFECT OF IDENTIFICATION AND DIFFERENTIAL TREATMENT OF GIFTED ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PUPILS     

Vladimir Kolesaric  Ivan Koren 《High Ability Studies》1992,3(2):155-163

Within the framework of a comprehensive research project entitled “The effects of identification and specific treatment of gifted pupils”, this paper deals with the problem of the effects of such a procedure on the attitudes of pupils, their parents, and teachers regarding giftedness and gifted individuals. Attention was mainly directed towards the effects of identification on the development of personality characteristics of the gifted pupils, on relations between gifted and other pupils, on the characteristics of teachers necessary for work with the gifted, on the controversy about separation of the gifted into special classes or schools, and on society's obligations to the gifted. The results of this two year follow‐up study are based on a comparison of the data from the initial and the final surveys of an experimental and a control group of subjects.

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Evaluation of Energy Saving Operational Modes for Industrial Fracture Connected Processes on the Basis of Incubation Time Fracture Criterion     

Bratov Vladimir  Petrov Yuri 《天津大学学报(英文版)》2008,14(1)

A problem for a central crack in a plate subjected to plane strain conditions is investigated.Mode Ⅰ crack loading is created by a dynamic pressure pulse applied at a large distance from the crack.It was found that for a certain combination of amplitude and duration of the pulse applied,the energy transmitted to the sample has a strongly marked minimum,meaning that with the pulse amplitude or duration moving away from the optimal values,minimum energy required for initiation of crack growth increases rapidly.The results obtained indicate a possibility to optimise energy consumption of different industrial processes connected with fracture.Much could be gained in,for example,drilling or rock pounding where energy input accounts for the largest part of the process cost.Presumably further investigation of the effect observed can make it possible to predict optimal energy saving parameters,i.e.frequency and amplitude of impacts,for industrial devices,e.g.bores,grinding machines,and hence significantly reduce the process cost.The prediction can be given based on the parameters of the media fractured (material parameters,prevalent crack length and orientation,etc.).  相似文献