University surroundings and infrastructures that are accessible and inclusive for all: listening to students with disabilities     

Anabel Moriña  Beatriz Morgado 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2018,42(1):13-23

The main topic of this article is architectural barriers and infrastructures as identified by university students with disabilities. The data presented is part of a much wider research project, sponsored by Spain’s Ministry of Economy and Competition. A biographical-narrative methodology was used for this study. The results presented have been classified based on one of five barrier types: urban (barriers that are outside the actual university campus), transport (public transportation and personal vehicles), building (obstacles inside university buildings), environmental (those elements within the classroom, including furniture, excessive noise or inadequate temperatures) and communication (these are divided into signposting and barriers when accessing information). Lastly, a variety of questions are considered in the conclusions which indicate that universities still need a certain degree of adaptation and readjustment to really be accessible and inclusive, in keeping with the principles of universal design.  相似文献   

Mediating Peer Teaching for Learning Games: An Action Research Intervention Across Three Consecutive Sport Education Seasons     

Cláudio Farias  Isabel Mesquita  Peter A. Hastie  Toni O’Donovan 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2018,89(1):91-102

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide an integrated analysis of a teacher’s peer-teaching mediation strategies, the student-coaches’ instruction, and the students’ gameplay development across 3 consecutive seasons of sport education. Method: Twenty-six 7th-grade students participated in 3 consecutive sport education seasons of invasion games (basketball, handball, and soccer). The research involved 3 action research cycles, 1 per season, and each cycle included the processes of planning, acting and monitoring, reflecting, and fact finding. Data collection consisted of videotape and audiotape records of all 47 lessons, a reflective field diary kept by the first author in the role of teacher-researcher, and a total of 24 semistructured focus-group interviews. Trustworthiness criteria for assuring the quality of qualitative research included extensive data triangulation, stakeholders’ crosschecking, and collaborative interpretational analysis. Results: Through the application of systematic preparation strategies, student-coaches were able to successfully conduct team instruction that resulted in students’ tactical development and improved performance. Aspects such as the study of predominant configurations of players’ gameplay and similar tactical principles across games within the same category prevented a setback in the complexity of the learning content addressed at the beginning of each season. Players also showed an increasing ability to adapt gameplay to game conditions. Conclusions: While sport education has the capacity to develop competent players, different levels of teacher guidance and learners’ instructional responsibility are necessary when teaching tactics.  相似文献   

Playing surface and UK professional rugby union injury risk     

Craig Ranson  Jonathan George  James Rafferty  John Miles  Isabel Moore 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(21):2393-2398

Artificial rugby union playing surface installation is increasing. This prospective cohort study aimed to examine the effect of playing surface on match injury types within 157 players of two UK professional rugby union clubs playing 209 matches (96 on artificial surfaces and 113 on grass) over three seasons. There was no difference in overall injury risk between the two playing surfaces with injury incidence on artificial 80.2 (CI 69.9–91.7) and on grass 81.9 per 1000 match-hours (CI 72.2–92.5), with an incidence rate ratio (RR) of 0.98 (CI 0.82–1.17). There was a higher rate of concussion (RR 0.52, CI 0.34 – 0.78) and chest injuries on grass (RR 0.26 CI 0.07, 0.95), and a higher rate of thigh haematoma (RR 2.25, CI 1.05–4.82) foot injuries (RR 4.12, CI 1.10, 15.40) and injury to players being tackled (RR 1.46, CI 1.00, 2.15) on artificial. Whilst there was no higher injury risk for matches played on artificial versus natural grass surfaces, the higher incidence of concussion and chest injury on grass, and the higher rate of foot injuries on artificial surfaces may be related to tackle and footwear-to-surface interface factors.  相似文献   

Does Temperament Moderate the Relation between Preschool Parenting and School-Age Self-Regulation? Contrasting Diathesis-Stress and Differential Susceptibility Models     

Orlanda Cruz  Isabel Abreu-Lima  Catarina Canário  Margaret Burchinal 《Parenting, science and practice》2018,18(2):126-140

Objective. Children vary in how sensitive they are to environmental influences. Child temperament is an individual difference factor that appears to moderate the impact of environment on early child development. This study contrasts the “diathesis-stress/dual risk” and “differential susceptibility” models in examining difficult temperament as a moderator of the relation between preschool parenting and school-aged child persistence. Design. A longitudinal design included 61 typically developing Portuguese children (31 girls) assessed when they were toddlers (Time 1 at 1–3 years), preschoolers (Time 2 at 4–6 years), and school aged (Time 3 at 8–10 years). At Time 1, parents were recruited and interviewed. At Time 2, semi-structured mother–child interactions were observed, and preschool teachers rated children’s temperament. At Time 3, children’s task persistence was rated by their elementary teachers. Results. Difficult temperament moderated the association between mother–child interactions and child persistence, with stronger associations for children with more difficult temperaments. Conclusions. Consistent with the diathesis-stress model, results reveal that high levels of positive parenting reduce the risk of low self-regulation associated with difficult temperament.  相似文献   

Developing a Human Nutrition Learning Progression     

Aurelio Cabello-Garrido  Enrique España-Ramos  Ángel Blanco-López 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2018,16(7):1269-1289

This paper describes the application of the methodology developed in research on learning progressions to a health-related topic. More specifically, we present a human nutrition learning progression as a hypothesis that now requires empirical validation. The study involved three phases. In the first phase, we analysed the existing literature in the domain of human nutrition. Based on this analysis, phase 2 then involved drawing up a learning progression for this domain and identifying the learning targets and progress variables, as well as the upper and lower anchors. The analysis led us to identify five progress variables, associated with the development of the concepts of food, nutrient, energy and diet, as well as with the ability to classify foods according to their nutrients. Finally, in phase 3, we identified and described the pathways that students may follow in relation to each progress variable. Given its focus on a topic closely linked to personal health, the learning progression may be useful not only as a component of teaching modules that aim to improve scientific literacy but also as a platform for future health education campaigns that seek to promote healthy eating habits among different sectors of the population.  相似文献   

Clones identification of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile by using PCR-RAPDs technique     

Manuel Toral Ibañez  Margarita Caru  Miguel A. Herrera  Luis Gonzalez  Luis M. Martin  Jorge Miranda  Rafael M. Navarro-Cerrillo 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(2):112-119

A protocol of polymerase chain reaction-random amplified polymorphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) was established to analyse the gene diversity and genotype identification for clones of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile. Ten (out of 34) clones from introduction trial located in Voipir-Villarrica, Chile, were studied. The PCR-RAPDs technique and a modified hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) protocol were used for genomic DNA extraction. The PCR tests were carried out employing 10-mer random primers. The amplification products were detected by electrophoresis in agarose gels. Forty nine polymorphic bands were obtained with the selected primers (BG04, BF07, BF12, BF13, and BF14) and were ordered according to their molecular size. The genetic similarity between samples was calculated by the Jaccard index and a dendrogram was constructed using a cluster analysis of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA). Of the primers tested, 5 (out of 60) RAPD primers were selected for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. A total of 49 polymorphic RAPD bands were detected out of 252 bands. The genetic similarity analysis demonstrates an extensive genetic variability between the tested clones and the dendrogram depicts the genetic relationships among the clones, suggesting a geographic relationship. The results indicate that the RAPD markers permitted the identification of the assayed clones, although they are derived from the same geographic origin. Project (No. CONICYT-FONDEF PROYECT D01 I 1008) supported by the National Commission of Science and Research of Chile  相似文献   

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness,inhibition, and math fluency: A cluster analysis     

Juan L. Núñez  Luis Mahbubani  Elisa Huéscar 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(23):2660-2666

ABSTRACT

This study identified clusters of adolescents who share similar cardiorespiratory fitness levels and analysed the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, inhibition, and math fluency in each of the clusters. The subjects were 490 high-school students aged 10–16 years. The mean age was 13.82 years (SD = 1.12). Latent class analysis identified three clusters with high, medium, and low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. The high-fitness cluster achieved higher scores in inhibition and math fluency than the low-fitness cluster. Path analysis revealed that the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on inhibition was non-existent in the three clusters. The effect of inhibition on math fluency was positive and significant in all three cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Cardiorespiratory fitness had a direct, positive, and significant effect on math fluency only in the high-fitness cluster. Therefore, a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness is a significant determining factor in the explanation of math fluency. These results indicate that inhibition does not mediate the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and math fluency. However, the benefits of cardiorespiratory fitness affect math fluency, which has important implications for the educational environment and the teaching/learning process.  相似文献   

Stabilization and passification of distributed-order fractional linear systems using methods of preservation     

Guillermo Fernández-Anaya  José-Job Flores-Godoy  Armando-Fabian Lugo-Peñaloza  Rodrígo Muñoz-Vega 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2013,350(10):2881-2900

This paper studies the stabilization and passification of a class of distributed-order linear time-invariant systems, by using methods of preservation in the frequency domain. Results about preservation of stability and passivity of classical linear time-invariant systems are extended to one more general family of matrix functions. Based on these results, a new approach to the problems of stabilization and passification of distributed-order linear time-invariant systems is presented. Also a result that extends the known techniques for pole placement of classical linear time-invariant systems to the new class of distributed-order linear time-invariant systems is given. Examples are given to show the validity of theoretical results.  相似文献   

Generalized multistable structure via chaotic synchronization and preservation of scrolls     

E. Jiménez-López  J.S. González Salas  L.J. Ontañón-García  E. Campos-Cantón  A.N. Pisarchik 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2013,350(10):2853-2866

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Diversification around Europe – performance measuring with regard to different missions     

Roessler  Isabel  Catacutan  Katrina 《Tertiary Education and Management》2020,26(3):265-279

Existing university ranking systems blur differences between Higher Education Institutions because they only focus on research. The increased breadth, diversity and complexity of Higher Education Institutions’ missions are repeatedly overlooked causing a low visibility to a wide audience. This paper demonstrates the possibilities to measure other missions such as international orientation and regional engagement. Therefore, the results of 618 Higher Education Institutions (Effective March 2016) in U-Multirank, an international university ranking, are used. The results show the impressive variety in the higher education systems among European regions. Every region found missions in which they effectively perform thus proving the importance of each mission. The multidimensional ranking takes into account the complexity of Higher Education Institutions’ missions and capturing the relevance of Higher Education Institutions third mission’s activities adequately. Transparency across all missions is the only possibility to make the performances honourable. As research is not the only remarkable mission of Higher Education Institutions, teaching is not the only necessary mission. When other missions are overlooked, the performance measurement systems hinder mission diversity in higher education.

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