Problem posing based on investigation activities by university students     

João Pedro da Ponte  Ana Henriques 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2013,83(1):145-156

This paper reports a classroom-based study involving investigation activities in a university numerical analysis course. The study aims to analyse students' mathematical processes and to understand how these activities provide opportunities for problem posing. The investigations were intended to stimulate students in asking questions, to trigger their thinking processes, to promote their ability to investigate and to support them in learning numerical analysis' concepts and procedures. The results show that the investigations provided opportunities for students to experience mathematical processes, including posing questions, formulating and testing conjectures and, to some extent, proving results. They also provide some understanding about the role of problem posing in these processes. Posing questions occurred mainly in an implicit way, in the interpretation of tasks and in identifying regularities, analysing graphs and testing cases. The conjectures were often based on pattern identification or data manipulation, and the students tended to accept them without testing or proving. The students also proposed alternative formulations for the initial questions and posed new problems from their explorations and attempts to refine previous conjectures.  相似文献   

Using genetic algorithms to evolve a population of topical queries   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Rocío L. Cecchini  Carlos M. Lorenzetti  Ana G. Maguitman  Nlida Beatríz Brignole 《Information processing & management》2008,44(6):1863

Systems for searching the Web based on thematic contexts can be built on top of a conventional search engine and benefit from the huge amount of content as well as from the functionality available through the search engine interface. The quality of the material collected by such systems is highly dependant on the vocabulary used to generate the search queries. In this scenario, selecting good query terms can be seen as an optimization problem where the objective function to be optimized is based on the effectiveness of a query to retrieve relevant material. Some characteristics of this optimization problem are: (1) the high-dimensionality of the search space, where candidate solutions are queries and each term corresponds to a different dimension, (2) the existence of acceptable suboptimal solutions, (3) the possibility of finding multiple solutions, and in many cases (4) the quest for novelty. This article describes optimization techniques based on Genetic Algorithms to evolve “good query terms” in the context of a given topic. The proposed techniques place emphasis on searching for novel material that is related to the search context. We discuss the use of a mutation pool to allow the generation of queries with new terms, study the effect of different mutation rates on the exploration of query-space, and discuss the use of a especially developed fitness function that favors the construction of queries containing novel but related terms.  相似文献   

Cardiorespiratory and perceptual responses of two interval training and a continuous training protocol in healthy young men     

João Pedro Araújo Naves  Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo  Lucas Raphael Bento E Silva  Maria Sebastiana Silva  Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo  Robinson Ramírez-Vélez 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(5):653-660

High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) can be performed with different effort to rest time-configurations, and this can largely influence training responses. The purpose of the study was to compare the acute physiological responses of two HIIT and one moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) protocol in young men. A randomised cross-over study with 10 men [age, 28.3?±?5.5years; weight, 77.3?±?9.3?kg; height, 1.8?±?0.1?m; peak oxygen consumption (VO₂peak), 44?±?11?mL.kg^?1.min^?1]. Participants performed a cardiorespiratory test on a treadmill to assess VO₂peak, velocity associated with VO₂peak (vVO₂peak), peak heart rate (HRpeak) and perceived exertion (RPE). Then participants performed three protocols equated by distance: Short HIIT (29 bouts of 30s at vVO₂peak, interspersed by 30s of passive recovery, 29?min in total), Long HIIT (3 bouts of 4?min at 90% of vVO₂peak, interspersed by 3?min of recovery at 60% of vVO₂peak, 21?min in total) and MICT (21?min at 70% of vVO₂peak). The protocols were performed in a randomised order with ≥48 h between them. VO₂, HRpeak and RPE were compared. VO₂peak in Long HIIT was significantly higher than Short HIIT and MICT (43?±?11 vs 32?±?8 and 37?±?8?mL.kg^?1.min^?1, respectively, P?P?P?2, HR and RPE than Short HIIT and MICT, suggesting a higher demand on the cardiorespiratory system. Short HIIT and MICT presented similar physiologic and perceptual responses, despite Short HIIT being performed at higher velocities.  相似文献   

No effect of HMB or α-HICA supplementation on training-induced changes in body composition     

Filipe J. Teixeira  Catarina N. Matias  Cristina P. Monteiro  Maria J. Valamatos  Joana F. Reis  Ana Batista 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(6):802-810

β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (calcium: HMB-Ca and free acid: HMB-FA) and α-hydroxyisocaproic acid (α-HICA) are leucine metabolites that have been proposed to improve body composition and strength when combined with resistance exercise training (RET). In this double-blind randomized controlled pragmatic trial, we evaluated the effects of off-the-shelf supplements: α-HICA, HMB-FA and HMB-Ca, on RET-induced changes in body composition and performance. Forty men were blocked randomized to receive α-HICA (n?=?10, fat-free mass [FFM]?=?62.0?±?7.1?kg), HMB-FA (n?=?11, FFM?=?62.7?±?10.5?kg), HMB-Ca (n?=?9, FFM?=?65.6?±?10.1?kg) or placebo (PLA; n?=?10, FFM?=?64.2?±?5.7?kg). The training protocol consisted of a whole-body resistance training routine, thrice weekly for 8 weeks. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and total body water (TBW) by whole-body bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS), both at baseline and at the end of weeks 4 and 8. Time-dependent changes were observed for increase in trunk FFM (p?相似文献   

Author’s reply to Andreato et al: “Can we consider that the moderate-intensity continuous training results in higher total energy expenditure comparable to high-intensity interval training?”     

Gustavo Zaccaria Schaun  Stephanie Santana Pinto  Aline Borges De Carvalho Praia  Cristine Lima Alberton 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(11):1316-1317

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Measuring allocative efficiency in Cultural Economics: the case of “Fundación Princesa de Asturias” (The Princess of Asturias Foundation)     

Víctor Fernández-Blanco  Ana Rodríguez-Álvarez 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2018,42(1):91-110

The literature on Cultural Economics provides us with some examples for the measurement of technical efficiency. However, there are few case studies dedicated to the analysis of allocative efficiency. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap by incorporating a methodology that analyses both technical and allocative efficiency. We use the Shephard’s distance function, particularly suitable when affronted with non-profit-making firms or institutions that are not interested in cost minimization. As an empirical application, we analyse the efficiency of Fundación Princesa de Asturias (PAF), a Spanish non-governmental organization devoted to promoting the cultural, scientific and humanistic values of universal heritage, the period of study being 1988–2012. Our findings suggest that PAF could have used 7% less inputs to achieve the same level of output. On the other hand, we have found allocative inefficiency. Concretely, the input for other expenditures appears to have been over-utilized in relation to both the inputs for labour and current assets, with labour in turn being over-utilized in relation to current assets. Moreover, our results indicate that both technical and allocative efficiency have clearly improved during the period analysed. In summary, our empirical application shows how distance function methodology can be successfully implemented to measure allocative efficiency in cultural firms and institutions.  相似文献   

Photovoice as a research method for higher education research     

Rob Wass  Vivienne Anderson  Rafaela Rabello  Clinton Golding  Ana Rangi  Esmay Eteuati 《高等教育研究与发展》2020,39(4):834-850

ABSTRACT

Higher education (HE) research often draws on a range of qualitative research approaches. However, some methods developed in other fields are underutilised in HE research, even though they could be of great use for answering particular kinds of research questions, or for involving students more actively in the research process. In this article, we draw on a study that piloted different methodological approaches to explore students’ conceptions of good teaching and effective learning at university. The participants in our study included 33 high achieving international, Māori, Pacific Island, and (other) local students enrolled in Humanities subjects. Our study used photovoice as a visual data collection approach in conjunction with more traditional methods of data collection: open-ended focus group questions and critical incident technique. In this article, we review the photovoice literature, which is mostly from outside HE. Then, we describe our study, discussing the students’ responses to photovoice, and the different kinds of data it elicited. We note that, while most students expressed appreciation of the photovoice approach, some also found it restrictive and challenging in some respects. We conclude, photovoice offers a useful methodological addition to HE research, while noting, as with all data collection approaches, researchers need to be mindful of its limitations.  相似文献   

The Effects of Discipline Membership and Experience in the Field on Scholars’ Book and Journal Format Preferences     

Ana Dubnjakovic 《资料收集管理》2020,45(2):162-178

Abstract

Using data from Ithaka S?+?R US Faculty Survey 2015, the current study examined the influence of disciplinary differences and experience levels as well as their interactions on scholars’ attitudes toward print and electronic materials. While results of 3?×?5 factorial ANOVA procedure indicated both disciplinary membership and experience played a role in scholars’ attitudes, effect size indicated disciplinary membership played a more crucial role. Significant findings include rising popularity of electronic formats across examined groups.  相似文献   

Neutralization Role in College Students' Information Seeking Procrastination     

Ana Dubnjakovic 《New Review of Academic Librarianship》2018,24(2):175-191

This study examines the current state of research in academic procrastination. Neutralization theory is then explored with emphasis on its applicability to academic information seeking and use procrastination. Finally, results of qualitative semi-structured interviews illustrating the applicability of neutralization theory on students' information behavior are presented along with the implications and areas for further research.  相似文献   

Universities and conflict: the role of higher education in peacebuilding and resistance     

Ana Miškovska Kajevska 《高等教育研究与发展》2020,39(3):621-623

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