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Tatsuya T. Shigeta Angus A. Leahy Jordan J. Smith Narelle Eather David R. Lubans Charles H. Hillman 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(1):82
BackgroundParticipation in physical activity supports greater cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), a correlate of cognitive control. However, the relationship between muscular fitness (MF) and cognitive control is less clear. The present study investigated the differential relationship of CRF and MF with cognitive control in older adolescents.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved students (15–17 years old, n = 541, 43% female) from 20 secondary schools who completed tests of inhibition (modified flanker task), working memory (n-back task), CRF (Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run), and MF (standing long jump and push-up test). Multilevel analyses tested the association between CRF or MF and cognitive outcomes while accounting for the influence of the other fitness variable and relevant demographic factors.ResultsCRF predicted response accuracy during incongruent flanker trials, the condition requiring greater inhibition. For the working memory task, CRF predicted greater target accuracy and greater d'' scores on the 1-back task, requiring lesser amounts of working memory. In the 2-back task, which requires greater amounts of working memory, CRF also predicted greater target and non-target accuracy and d'' scores. Comparatively, MF did not predict any cognitive outcomes after adjustment for CRF.ConclusionCRF was selectively related to better performance during task conditions that require greater amounts of inhibition and working memory. This finding suggests that CRF, but not MF, may benefit cognitive control in older adolescents. This selective influence of CRF on older adolescents’ cognition highlights the value of aerobic physical activity. 相似文献
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Thelma Hunter 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2014,22(1):19-36
As more countries align their curricular frameworks with play-based and experiential pedagogies, this paper provides a critical insight into the benefits and challenges that arise in practice when a play-based approach to learning and teaching becomes a political directive in Northern Ireland primary schools. Drawing on socio-constructivist and post-structural thinking, the messages from Foundation Stage teachers and the learning experiences provided are unravelled through the researchers' interpretive lens, exposing for critique two key discourses about the relationship between play as policy and practice – namely play as learning and play as pedagogy. Although this study may have raised more questions than answers about the debate, the authors conclude, in so doing, it has facilitated an original troubling of the established discourse and added to the knowledge base about the politicisation of play as practice in the early years of primary schooling. 相似文献
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俗话说,志当存高远——那么,渴望翱翔天际、腾云驾雾的梦想,着实够高够远了吧?头脑简单的我,也曾像许多人一样,对那群以飞来飞去为职业的人充满好奇和惊叹。仰视——正如我们需要抬起头来看在空中变得如绿豆般大小的飞机一样。你看啊,这帮人,人不傻,钱又多,而且都是帅哥美女,简直把世上的好处都占去了,能不招人羡慕妒忌恨吗? 相似文献
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Assessment of the effects of student response systems on student learning and attitudes over a broad range of biology courses 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
With the advent of wireless technology, new tools are available that are intended to enhance students' learning and attitudes. To assess the effectiveness of wireless student response systems in the biology curriculum at New Mexico State University, a combined study of student attitudes and performance was undertaken. A survey of students in six biology courses showed that strong majorities of students had favorable overall impressions of the use of student response systems and also thought that the technology improved their interest in the course, attendance, and understanding of course content. Students in lower-division courses had more strongly positive overall impressions than did students in upper-division courses. To assess the effects of the response systems on student learning, the number of in-class questions was varied within each course throughout the semester. Students' performance was compared on exam questions derived from lectures with low, medium, or high numbers of in-class questions. Increased use of the response systems in lecture had a positive influence on students' performance on exam questions across all six biology courses. Students not only have favorable opinions about the use of student response systems, increased use of these systems increases student learning. 相似文献
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Karen Hunter 《Learned Publishing》2005,18(1):51-55
Access to generations of scientific literature has never been more widespread. The advent of electronic publishing has improved the spread and speed of access while at the same time reducing unit costs. The current ‘open access’ debate raises interesting questions about the future of publishing and archiving. The declining growth of author‐pays titles, however, suggests that innovations that are sustainable long term and do not threaten the quality and integrity of scholarship are likely to be within the framework of the established model. 相似文献
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