Family interaction patterns related to child abuse and neglect: Some preliminary findings     

R.L. Burgess  R.D. Conger 《Child abuse & neglect》1977,1(2-4)

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Measurement of conversion efficiency of soft X-ray from 0.35μm laser-irradiated aluminum planar targets     

Shu-xi Ren  Hong-liang Ma Ph. D.  Rong-qing Yi  Shen-ye Liu 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2006,10(3):224-227

Conversion efficiency of soft X-ray from 0.35 μm pulse laser-irradiated aluminium planar target at laser intensities 10¹³–10¹⁵ W/cm² on the Xingguang-II facility (laser energy 5–90 J, focal spot ⊃ Ф 200 μm full width of half maximun (FWHM) 400–800 ps) was measured. A simple model was given to explain soft X-ray conversion efficiency. In this model, because of the heat conduction from the laser-heated spot, the conversion was very small at lower irradiance limit, while at higher limit it was bounded by the energy lost in blow off plasma. Consequently, at the laser intensity around 2×10¹⁴ W/cm², the X-ray conversion efficiency reaches a maximum. Project suppoted by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Foundation (Grant No. T0104), and Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Education (Grant No. 214680)  相似文献   

Screening for hearing loss in early childhood programs     

William D. Eiserman  Lenore Shisler  Terry Foust  Jan Buhrmann  Randi Winston  Karl R. White 《Early childhood research quarterly》2007

This study assessed the feasibility of doing hearing screening in Migrant, American Indian and Early Head Start programs using otoacoustic emissions (OAE) technology. Staff members were trained to screen 0–3-year-old children for hearing loss using hand-held OAE equipment and a multi-step screening and referral protocol. Of the 3486 children screened as a part of the study, 77% passed an OAE screening at the first step, 18% more passed an OAE screening at the second step, and 5% were ultimately referred for medical or audiological follow-up. Eighty children were identified as having a hearing loss or disorder of the outer, middle or inner ear requiring treatment. Of these 80, six had permanent bilateral or unilateral hearing loss. Although the protocol suggested that the multi-step screening procedure should be completed within a 4-week time period or less, analysis of the data showed that for children requiring more than an initial OAE screening, the length of time over which the screening was completed ranged from 7 to 12 weeks. The median time required to complete a single OAE screening session was 4 minutes per child. The results demonstrate that OAE screening of young children using this protocol is practical and effective. The implications for conducting periodic hearing screening throughout early childhood are discussed.  相似文献   

A program to improve visual perception skills of preschool deaf children     

J L Fitch  D A Sachs  H R Marshall 《American annals of the deaf》1973,118(3):429-432

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1994 special issue of the journal of research in science teaching on: Reading,writing, and science understanding     

Larry D. Yore  William G. Holliday  Donna E. Alvermann 《科学教学研究杂志》1992,29(5):533-533

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Attitudes toward computers of preservice teachers of hearing-impaired students     

D M Mertens  Z L Wang 《American annals of the deaf》1988,133(1):40-42

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Promoting federal support for educational research in Canada     

W. Todd Rogers  Leslie D. McLean 《The Australian Educational Researcher》1987,14(3):3-20

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Communications media and current-events knowledge among college students     

Christopher J. Lucas  Charles D. Schmitz 《Higher Education》1988,17(2):139-149

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Activity of metalloproteinases and adiponectin in obese patients— a possible factor of incisional hernias after bariatric procedures     

Wojciech Szczęsny  Magdalena Kuligowska-Prusińska  Stanisław Dąbrowiecki  Jakub Szmytkowski  Adrian Reśliński  Maciej Słupski 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2018,19(1):65-70

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The rewarding effects of number and surface area of food in rats     

Devina Wadhera  Lynn M. Wilkie  Elizabeth D. Capaldi-Phillips 《Learning & behavior》2018,46(3):242-255

Visual cues have an important role in food preference for both rats and humans. Here, we aim to isolate the effects of numerosity, density, and surface area on food preference and running speed in rats, by using a forced-choice maze paradigm. In Experiment 1, rats preferred and ran faster for a group of multiple smaller pellets rather than a single large pellet, corroborating previous research (Capaldi, Miller, & Alptekin Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 15(1), 75–80, 1989). Further experiments tested the prevailing hypothesis that multiple food pieces are more reinforcing because they occupy a larger surface area. Experiment 2 controlled for numerosity by utilizing a continuous food: mashed potatoes flattened to cover a larger surface area or rounded into a ball. The rats preferred and ran faster for the flattened potatoes, suggesting surface area plays a role in quantity estimations. Finally, in Experiment 3, rats displayed no preference or difference in running speed between a group of scattered and clustered pellets when number of pellets were kept constant. Taken together, these results suggest that density has an important role in food perception—that is, the rewarding effect of higher numerosity or larger surface area is removed when the food does not fill out the entire space. Alternative explanations and implications for human diet are discussed.  相似文献