New languages of possibility: early experiments in education as dissent     

Brendan Walsh  John Lalor 《History of education》2015,44(5):595-617

This paper reviews the work of four early radical educators: the cultural nationalist Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941), Asia’s first Nobel Laureate; Bertrand Russell (1872–1970), Cambridge mathematician and philosopher; the Irish educationalist and insurgent Patrick Pearse (1879–1916) and Leonard Elmhirst (1893–1975), co-founder of Dartington Hall school in England. Each represents a type of radicalism that is particular to his own era but resonates in twentieth-century educational provision and policy. Each articulated his political vision through the establishment of a school and all contributed to modern pedagogical practice. The paper argues that ideological and methodological similarities not only compel us to consider them as radical founders, whose ideas are in many ways identical, but to identify them as pivotal theorists in early conceptualisations of education as dissent and disengagement, as a means of decoupling thought and habit from the mainstream of educational practice, colonial imposition or curricular conservatism. In particular, the paper concentrates upon the work of the Irish educationalist and political radical Patrick Pearse and, employing his educational writings and practice as a template for dissension, demonstrates that it was both typical of and reflected the wider tone of early formulations of education as dissent.  相似文献   

A study of in-service teacher educator roles,with implications for a curriculum for their professional development     

John B. O’Dwyer  Hilal Handan Atlı 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2015,38(1):4-20

In-service educators have a crucial role to play in meeting the professional learning needs of teachers of the future, according to the Council of Europe’s ‘ET 2020’, although it is less clear what that role entails. This empirical study, undertaken in a university school of English language in Turkey, explores the everyday experience of a team of wholly school-based in-service educators and develops a model of their role based on an analysis of questionnaire, interview and focus group data. The results attest to the complexities of the in-service educator’s role, revealing them to be more than simply effective teachers. Catering for affective needs, coaching a broad range of clients, interpreting contextual variables and providing appropriate feedback represent some of the challenges in-service educators are facing in the research context, which set them apart and suggest important lessons for the development of an in-service educator training curriculum.  相似文献   

To Encourage,Inspire and Guide     

Brendan Maartens 《Media History》2015,21(3):328-341

This article examines the promotion of civil defence or ‘national service’ in interwar Britain. Analysing a recruitment campaign organised by the Chamberlain government in 1938–1939, it explores how civil defence was promoted in newspapers, posters, leaflets, guides, radio broadcasts, speeches and rallies, and how recruiters planned and executed the campaign. Existing literature has tended to focus on the role of national servicemen and servicewomen in wartime, but little is known about how these individuals were persuaded to join up before the war began or how national service was itself presented in the media. Through an analysis of official files, correspondence, advertisements and public relations, this article argues that the campaign for national service was not simply intended to attract new recruits, but to cement in Britain the notion that any future conflict would represent a ‘people’s war’ in which each citizen would contribute an equal share towards victory.  相似文献   

Coordination and variability in the elite female tennis serve     

David Whiteside  Bruce Clifford Elliott  Brendan Lay  Machar Reid 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(7):675-686

Enhancing the understanding of coordination and variability in the tennis serve may be of interest to coaches as they work with players to improve performance. The current study examined coordinated joint rotations and variability in the lower limbs, trunk, serving arm and ball location in the elite female tennis serve. Pre-pubescent, pubescent and adult players performed maximal effort flat serves while a 22-camera 500 Hz motion analysis system captured three-dimensional body kinematics. Coordinated joint rotations in the lower limbs and trunk appeared most consistent at the time players left the ground, suggesting that they coordinate the proximal elements of the kinematic chain to ensure that they leave the ground at a consistent time, in a consistent posture. Variability in the two degrees of freedom at the elbow became significantly greater closer to impact in adults, possibly illustrating the mechanical adjustments (compensation) these players employed to manage the changing impact location from serve to serve. Despite the variable ball toss, the temporal composition of the serve was highly consistent and supports previous assertions that players use the location of the ball to regulate their movement. Future work should consider these associations in other populations, while coaches may use the current findings to improve female serve performance.  相似文献   

Adopting evidence-based practice in clinical decision making: nurses' perceptions, knowledge, and barriers     

Shaheen Majid  Schubert Foo  Brendan Luyt  Xue Zhang  Yin-Leng Theng  Yun-Ke Chang  Intan A Mokhtar 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2011,99(3):229-236

Objective:

Evidence-based practice (EBP) provides nurses with a method to use critically appraised and scientifically proven evidence for delivering quality health care to a specific population. The objective of this study was to explore nurses'' awareness of, knowledge of, and attitude toward EBP and factors likely to encourage or create barriers to adoption. In addition, information sources used by nurses and their literature searching skills were also investigated.

Method:

A total of 2,100 copies of the questionnaire were distributed to registered nurses in 2 public hospitals in Singapore, and 1,486 completed forms were returned, resulting in a response rate of 70.8%.

Results:

More than 64% of the nurses expressed a positive attitude toward EBP. However, they pointed out that due to heavy workload, they cannot keep up to date with new evidence. Regarding self-efficacy of EBP-related abilities, the nurses perceived themselves to possess moderate levels of skills. The nurses also felt that EBP training, time availability, and mentoring by nurses with EBP experience would encourage them to implement EBP. The top three barriers to adopting EBP were lack of time, inability to understand statistical terms, and inadequate understanding of the jargon used in research articles. For literature searching, nurses were using basic search features and less than one-quarter of them were familiar with Boolean and proximity operators.

Conclusion:

Although nurses showed a positive attitude toward EBP, certain barriers were hindering their smooth adoption. It is, therefore, desirable that hospital management in Southeast Asia, particularly in Singapore, develop a comprehensive strategy for building EBP competencies through proper training. Moreover, hospital libraries should also play an active role in developing adequate information literacy skills among the nurses.

Highlights

• Nurses in Singapore, as in other countries, support the idea of evidence-based practice (EBP) but have limited skills in the area of literature searching and understanding evidence, which limits their use of evidence-based practice.
• Only a small number of nurses were able to pick an appropriate search strategy for a given topic, indicating a lack of basic literature searching skills.
• Sufficient literature searching knowledge is essential to retrieve current, relevant, and accurate evidence. However, a majority of nurses do not know how to properly use Boolean and proximity operators, indexing, truncation, or limits.

Implications

• Librarians need to be part of providing ongoing training for clinical nurses in searching the evidence, especially in hospitals promoting EBP or seeking Magnet status.
• Training is needed for clinical nurses to be able to achieve the use of EBP, and librarians can support this goal by teaching the search strategies portion of an EBP skills course.
• This study''s instrument could be used by librarians as a needs assessment tool to measure their own clinical nurses'' information literacy skills, if justification is needed locally.

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Effects of the learning disability label, quality of writing performance, and examiner's level of expertise on the evaluation of written products     

S Graham  A Dwyer 《Journal of learning disabilities》1987,20(5):317-318

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THE NEW MANAGERIALISM AND THE RHETORIC OF OUTCOMES IN POST‐COMPULSORY EDUCATION POLICY     

Peter Dwyer 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》1994,15(2):13-21

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Some Ideas Concerning the Semantic Web   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

BrandanRousseau RonaldRousseau 《图书情报工作》2002,46(8):39-49

1998年,WWW协会发起了-个创新性研究,该研究致力于:为WEB提供语义和从WEB实施知识抽取.语义Web是WEB创始人Tim Berners-Lee对WEB发展的愿景.在可扩展标记语言XML、资源描述框架RDF、本体互换语言OIL和其他新出现的标准的帮助下,语义Web有可能对已经存在的Web数据提供更多的结构和意义.这将会引导WWW发展到-个新的全球性网络:语义Web在这个网络上可以发现很多有效的信息.很明显,语义Web的实现将会对下-代的数字图书馆产生巨大的影响.  相似文献   

Securitisation and/or Westernisation: dominant discourses of Australian values and the implications for teacher education     

Andrew Peterson  Brendan Bentley 《师资教育杂志》2016,42(2):239-251

Debates concerning the nature, purpose and importance of Australian values have resurfaced in Australia following the election of the Liberal-led Coalition Government in September 2013. Two dominant discourses on Australian values have emerged within recent government rhetoric and public policy, both of which have included a demand for changes to how Australian values are taught and encountered within Australian education and schooling. In our analysis, we suggest that the two dominant discourses, one focusing on securitisation and one on Westernisation, have to this point operated separately, but have both focused on narrow, fixed and forced understandings of Australian values. Exploring the key themes of these two discourses, some important issues for teacher educators are set out, including the need to mediate these discourses against research evidence which suggests the importance of holistic and co-operative pedagogical relationships based on trust and humility for effective values education. Though our analysis focuses on the Australian context, the arguments made are likely to be of interest elsewhere given current debates about national values in education across a range of jurisdictions.  相似文献   

Visual testing — Visual literacy’s second dimension     

Michael Szabo  Francis M. Dwyer  Hermes DeMelo 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1981,29(3):177-187

One dimension of visual literacy is concerned with the use of visual materials for the improvement of student learning. Might not the use of visual testing employing similar types of visual materials provide a more valid assessment of the level of information acquisition achieved by students receiving visualized instruction? This exploratory study took a look at that question — and in itself raised some interesting questions for future study.  相似文献