Which instructional models influence more on perceived exertion,affective valence,physical activity level,and class time in physical education?     

Josune Rodríguez-Negro  Javier Yanci 《教育心理学》2020,40(5):608-621

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two different instructional models (i.e. direct instructional model (DIM) and tactical games model (TGM)) with primary education students. Perceived exertion, affective valence, physical activity (PA) level, instruction time, active learning time, and relation of instruction/active learning time were measured with 256 primary education students during DIM and TGM 8 weeks’ intervention programs. Significant differences were found between the DIM and TGM in perceived exertion, PA level, instruction time and in the relation between instruction/active learning time (p?<?.01, ES=?0.4 to 1.1). By age group, the DIM had significantly higher PA level in students of 3^rd grade of primary education (G3), 4^th grade (G4) and 6^th grade (G6) (p?<?.05 or p?<?.01, ES=?0.8 to ?0.4). The instructional model used during physical education classes can affect perceived exertion, PA level, instruction time, and the relation instruction/active learning time.  相似文献   

Extinction in multiple contexts: Effects on the rate of extinction and the strength of response recovery     

Javier Bustamante  Metin Uengoer  Anna Thorwart  Harald Lachnit 《Learning & behavior》2016,44(3):283-294

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Comparison between conceptions and assessment practices among secondary education teachers: more differences than similarities (Comparación entre concepciones y prácticas de evaluación en profesores de Educación Secundaria: más diferencias que semejanzas)     

Javier Fernández-Ruiz  Ernesto Panadero 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2020,43(2):309-346

ABSTRACT

Teachers’ conceptions can affect any teaching practice, including assessment. Compared with the previous learning stages in Spain, the accreditation-based focus increases in secondary education. Therefore, it is necessary to study the conceptions teachers have of assessment during this stage and the role these play in their teaching practices. The study participants comprised 219 secondary education teachers. A mixed methodology including a questionnaire, dilemmas and the analysis of test contents was used. An analysis was implemented of the relationship between the conceptions of assessment and the type of tests used, self-assessment and peer assessment, and characteristics of feedback. The teachers reported having a formative conception, but this was incoherent with their assessment methods characterized by a scarce use of self-assessment and peer assessment and a hardly formative feedback. In conclusion, we highlight the relevance of the teaching-related conceptions in the education system and the need for working jointly with teachers to implement an authentically formative assessment in the classroom, with an emphasis on consistency between conceptions and practices.  相似文献   

Promoting entrepreneurship education among university students: design and evaluation of an intervention programme / Fomento de la educación emprendedora entre el alumnado universitario: diseño y evaluación de un programa de intervención     

Francisco J. García-Rodríguez  Carmen-Inés Ruiz-Rosa  Desiderio Gutiérrez-Taño 《Cultura y Educación》2016,28(3):565-600

For the consolidation of entrepreneurial education as a field of research, a number of challenges must be met, among them, a better connection between pedagogical objectives and the design of programmes, as well as greater methodological rigour in the evaluation of their impact. With this in mind, this paper analyses the results of an entrepreneurial education programme carried out with a group of students from a Spanish university, contrasting the results with a control group. The results indicate that, after this process, the participating students displayed greater entrepreneurial potential than the group of students that had not participated. However, this difference is due more to a loss of entrepreneurial intention in the group not participating in the programme than to an improvement in the participating students.  相似文献   

Game-Based Learning in Virtual Worlds: A Multiuser Online Game for Medical Undergraduate Radiology Education within Second Life     

Rocio Lorenzo-Alvarez  Teodoro Rudolphi-Solero  Miguel J. Ruiz-Gomez  Francisco Sendra-Portero 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(5):602-617

Game-based learning can have a positive impact on medical education, and virtual worlds have great potential for supporting immersive online games. It is necessary to reinforce current medical students' knowledge about radiological anatomy and radiological signs. To meet this need, the objectives of this study were: to design a competition-based game in the virtual world, Second Life and to analyze the students' perceptions of Second Life and the game, as well as to analyze the medium-term retention of knowledge and the potential impact on the final grades. Ninety out of 197 (45.6%) third-year medical students voluntarily participated in an online game based on self-guided presentations and multiple-choice tests over six 6-day stages. Participants and non-participants were invited to perform an evaluation questionnaire about the experience and a post-exposure knowledge test. Participants rated the experience with mean scores equal to or higher than 8.1 on a 10-point scale, highlighting the professor (9.5 ± 1.1; mean ± SD) and the virtual environment (8.9 ± 1.1). Participants had better results in the post-exposure test than non-participants (59.0 ± 13.5 versus 45.3 ± 11.5; P < 0.001) and a lower percentage of answers left blank (6.7 ± 8.4 versus 13.1 ± 12.9; P = 0.014). Competitive game-based learning within Second Life is an effective and well-accepted means of teaching core radiological anatomy and radiological signs content to medical students. The higher medium-term outcomes obtained by participants may indicate effective learning with the game. Additionally, valuable positive perceptions about the game, the educational contents, and the potential benefit for their education were discovered among non-participants.  相似文献   

Extra-curricular participation in sports and socio-demographic factors in Spanish adolescents: the AVENA study     

Gracia-Marco L  Tomas C  Vicente-Rodriguez G  Jimenez-Pavon D  Rey-Lopez JP  Ortega FB  Lanza-Saiz R  Moreno LA 《Journal of sports sciences》2010,28(13):1383-1389

The aims of this study were to identify differences between the sexes in extra-curricular participation in sports and to determine its association with body fat and socio-demographic factors in Spanish adolescents. A total of 2165 adolescents (1124 males and 1041 females) aged 13.0-18.5 years from the AVENA Study participated. Participants filled in an ad hoc questionnaire for extra-curricular participation in sports, which was the dependent variable. Independent variables were: age, percent body fat, and father's and mother's educational level and occupation. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were applied. Bivariate analysis showed for male adolescents that age and father's occupation were related to extra-curricular participation in sports. In addition, body fat and mother's education and occupation (all P?相似文献   

Cooperation in innovation activities: The importance of partners   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pedro de Faria  Francisco Lima 《Research Policy》2010,39(8):1082-1092

This paper analyses the importance of cooperation partners for the development of innovation activities. We contribute to the literature on cooperation in innovation activities that seeks to identify the characteristics differentiating cooperative from non-cooperative firms by proposing a different approach to this problem. We distinguish firms according to their evaluation of cooperation partners in the development of innovation activities. We apply a probit selection model to account for the firm's decision to cooperate (or not). The data we use come from the Portuguese Third Community Innovation Survey. Our estimation results show that firms from high-technological industries, with higher levels of absorptive capacity and of innovation investment, who give importance to incoming spillovers management, and who cooperate with firms from the same group or with suppliers, place greater value on cooperation partners in the innovation process. Additionally, we also find that the factors influencing the importance attributed to cooperation activities are different from the ones behind the decision to cooperate.  相似文献   

Categorising computer science education research     

Mike Joy  Jane Sinclair  Shanghua Sun  Jirarat Sitthiworachart  Javier López-González 《Education and Information Technologies》2009,14(2):105-126

The interdisciplinary nature of Computer Science Education as a field of study is a complicating factor when authors are choosing appropriate journals and conferences for publishing research results. This paper reports a survey of 42 such publications in order to identify the types of paper frequently accepted for publication in each. We review existing taxonomies developed for the general fields of Computer Science and Education, and from this starting point, we develop a novel faceted taxonomy, specifically aimed to help new researchers in the field understand what types of papers are published and where they appear. Our results confirm previous studies indicating the predominance of practice-based, technology-driven reports. We also observe certain differences in educational themes between those found in publications grounded in the Computer Science Education corpus and those emerging from more general Higher Education literature.  相似文献   

Phonological working memory, phonological awareness and language in literacy difficulties in Brazilian children     

Thais Barbosa  Monica Carolina Miranda  Ruth F. Santos  Orlando Francisco A. Bueno 《Reading and writing》2009,22(2):201-218

One of the most usual flaws that lead to literacy disability regards cognitive difficulties and alterations some children present in the literacy process. Many studies have found alterations in phonological processing, more specifically in phonological working memory (PWM) and phonological awareness (PA). Therefore, our aim was to identify alterations in skills of phonological working memory, phonological awareness and language (semantic, syntactic and phonological aspects) of Brazilian children with literacy disabilities (age 7–8). They were divided into two groups: (1) Group of Normal Literacy (NL); and (2) Group With Literacy Disabilities (LD). The evaluation comprised tests that assessed general cognitive functions and the skills at stake. The LD presented a poorer performance than the NL in the skills of PWM, PA and language aspects. The factor analysis showed that these skills prevailed in differentiating the groups. Thus, children with literacy disabilities presented deficits in phonological processing and language. These deficits seem to be a result of alterations of the phonological representations and poor language skills that are prior to the literacy period. Consequently, we believe that the early identification of these alterations can be very useful for the prevention of future literacy problems.  相似文献   

The criminal act as means of lust： The will and the death in culture     

Francisco Ramos  de Farias 《美中教育评论》2010,(11):113-120

Crime, which is an intriguing aspect of the human condition, has been the object of great concern amongst many modalities of knowledge. Even when dealing with the so-called ＂primal crime＂, dissolution is what always results. If people understand the primal crime of the mythical father as the necessary condition to cross from a horde to a clan state, eventually reaching a fraternal group state, then they should also understand that the social bond, which results from this action, brings in its kernel the scars of irreversible destruction. Freud＇s tyrannical father was murdered because he kept absolute enjoyment for himself, yet this crime did not set free the authors of the crime from their own enjoyment. The dynamics of the criminal act as a means of lust has been studied with the intent of articulating both perverse subjectivation and the pervert act, as well as considering the convict＇s standing in social relationships. Symbolization of reality and temporality are significantly altered by imprisonment, due mainly to lack of scopes and systematic conveying references which reflect reality. The study related to the temporal being of detainees is inferred as to better portray questionings on temporal subjection. The analysis of the discourse production lead to conclude： （1） When it is destined to penal institutions, the condemned lose pace with time （time halts）; （2） Interns must render time objective （produce time）. Rebellion and fights may be endeavors to create rhythm to register time, wherein, the desire to live time is, desperately, externalized; （3） Penal work is a time-reducing factor of imprisonment, therefore, time acquires objective and exchangeable value for the interns; and （4） Three worlds unfold and introduce themselves from the very moment when the imprisoned take place within a penal institution. The internal scope of the penal unit is propagated by the interns as being the inside world, exterior social context and relationships thereof are known as the outside world and the world of crime abides essentially different temporality notions. Within the inside world time halts, in the outside world time escapes and the crime world dimensions time is as time itself.  相似文献