Europeanisation of Irish universities     

Donal A. Dineen 《Higher Education》1992,24(3):391-411

Europeanisation is defined broadly as the range of activities, initiatives, networks or programmes within Irish universities which are based on a European orientation or have some clear European (rather than solely Irish or other international) dimension.This process of Europeanisation has impacted in a variety of ways on Irish universities ranging from the immediately visible student and staff mobility programmes (ERASMUS, ECTS), through the university - industry linkages programmes (COMETT) to participation in pre-competitive research programmes (BRITE, ESPIRIT). It also embraces the more low profile adjustments to curricula and subject content arising from a European dimension or focus, as well as administrative adjustments made.The extent to which Irish universities have been affected by the various EC programmes is outlined and set in a relevant European context, where Ireland accounts for less than 1 percent of the EC's university student body.An important theme in the latter part of the paper is the nature of the way universities themselves are changing (in Ireland and other EC countries). The focus on utilitarianism, lessening dependence on national governments for funding, greater dependence on the market and stronger links to industry are trends which are affecting Irish universities in common with those in other EC countries. This puts pressure on the humanities and the development of the so-called vehicular disciplines within universities which reflect the essence of the critical influence universities should espouse. Universities should be the conscience of society and are in danger of losing their role as the esprit critique of the social systems in which they reside. The focus on relevance can threaten the independence which gives them a unique role in society. Universities (Irish and European) themselves will need to preserve the values which provided them with a millenium or more of sustained influence in European society against external threats.  相似文献   

“You Can Do It Baby”: Non-Task Talk with an In-Car Speech Enabled System     

Elizabeth Molina-Markham  Brion van Over  Sunny Lie  Donal Carbaugh 《Communication quarterly》2016,64(3):324-347

Natural language speech enabled systems are an attractive option for in-car infotainment. Differences in cultural expectations in communication, however, can pose difficulties for interface developers and cause frustration for users. We adopt the perspective of cultural discourse theory to analyze 26 drivers interacting with an in-car speech interface. We focus here on directive sequences and the phenomenon of participants using non-task talk. The analysis of these sequences reveals a norm that one ought to engage in non-task talk with the system. We suggest that this norm is grounded in a user premise that the system’s interactional status involves the ability to speak. We find that this norm lacks crystallization among participants, and we formulate a competing norm that helps to account for this. The second norm reveals an underlying belief that the system’s status as a machine is the basis for how it should be treated.  相似文献   

Panel 1: Continuity and Change in University Scholarship     

Bernard Frischer  John Unsworth  Lorcan Dempsey  Tom Staley 《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(3):245-260

ABSTRACT

Information technology developments over the past 3 decades have profoundly influenced university scholarship, but the relationship has been characterized by aspects of both continuity and change. This panel of presentations and ensuing discussion consider ways in which these developments drive changes in scholarly practice and present challenges for research libraries on issues such as interoperability or facilitating access in a networked environment.  相似文献   

Subconscious Gatekeeping: The Effect of Death Thoughts on Bias Toward Outgroups in News Writing     

Melissa A. Johnson  John L. Davis  Sean Cronin 《Mass Communication and Society》2013,16(1):4-25

This content analysis examined framing and second-level agenda setting in U.S. newspaper pre-election coverage of the 2006 Mexican presidential elections and the new Mexican expatriate voting law. The authors conducted a quantitative analysis of 161 articles and a qualitative analysis of 36 articles in U.S. newspapers from August 2005 through mid-April 2006. Findings indicated that Andrés Manuel López Obrador received more coverage (59.6%) than Roberto Madrazo (27.8%) or the eventual winner, Felipe Calderón (29.1%). Candidate attributes were highlighted more than Mexican domestic or Mexico–U.S. issues. The dominant procedural frame was the election horse race. The main substantive frames were the election as an extension of U.S.–Mexico economic relations and the election as an extension of Latin American leftist/populist movements. The expatriate voting law was characterized as unsuccessful and blamed on apathetic voters, the Mexican government's faulty implementation, and a corrupt system.  相似文献   

Guest reviewers     

Donal Carbaugh  Ute Winter  Brion van Over  Elizabeth Molina-Markham  Sunny Lie 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(2):195-196

What if new cars could adjust in-car devices to particular ways of speaking around the world? General Motors sought communication research to inform the design of culturally competent in-car human–machine interfaces. We discuss concerns and tensions that arise when balancing commitments of naturalistic study with design development goals. We emphasize the importance of awareness, attentiveness, and cooperation to ensure research integrity.  相似文献   

Journal acceptance rates: A cross-disciplinary analysis of variability and relationships with journal measures     

Cassidy R. Sugimoto  Vincent Larivière  Chaoqun Ni  Blaise Cronin 《Journal of Informetrics》2013,7(4):897-906

There are many indicators of journal quality and prestige. Although acceptance rates are discussed anecdotally, there has been little systematic exploration of the relationship between acceptance rates and other journal measures. This study examines the variability of acceptance rates for a set of 5094 journals in five disciplines and the relationship between acceptance rates and JCR measures for 1301 journals. The results show statistically significant differences in acceptance rates by discipline, country affiliation of the editor, and number of reviewers per article. Negative correlations are found between acceptance rates and citation-based indicators. Positive correlations are found with journal age. These relationships are most pronounced in the most selective journals and vary by discipline. Open access journals were found to have statistically significantly higher acceptance rates than non-open access journals. Implications in light of changes in the scholarly communication system are discussed.  相似文献   

What determines the location choice of R&D activities by multinational firms?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Iulia Siedschlag  Donal Smith  Camelia Turcu  Xiaoheng Zhang 《Research Policy》2013

We analyse 446 location decisions of R&D activities by multinational firms incorporated in the European Union over 1999–2006. Our results suggest that on average, the location probability of a representative R&D foreign affiliate increased with agglomeration economies from foreign R&D activities, human capital, proximity to centres of research excellence and the research and innovation capacity of the region. Further, our evidence suggests that in comparison to European multinational firms, the effects of patents intensity and proximity to centres of research excellence were stronger in the case of North American multinational firms. While government R&D expenditure intensity increased the probability of location of R&D activities by European multinational firms in the region, it did not have a significant effect on the probability of location of R&D activities by North American multinational firms.  相似文献   

Digital Scholarship in the Tenure,Promotion, and Review Process,edited by Deborah Lines Andersen. Armonk,NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2003. x + 277 pp. $64.95 (cloth)/$24.95 (paper). ISBN 0-7656-1114-7     

Blaise Cronin 《The Information Society》2013,29(5):403-404

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The effect of two different 18-week walking programmes on aerobic fitness,selected blood lipids and factor XIIa     

Trent W. Lawton  John B. Cronin  Michael R. McGuigan 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):701-709

Abstract

The purpose of this project was to evaluate the utility of low- and high-repetition maximum (RM) strength tests used to assess rowers. Twenty elite heavyweight males (age 23.7 ± 4.0 years) performed four tests (5 RM, 30 RM, 60 RM and 120 RM) using leg press and seated arm pulling exercise on a dynamometer. Each test was repeated on two further occasions; 3 and 7 days from the initial trial. Per cent typical error (within-participant variation) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated using log-transformed repeated-measures data. High-repetition tests (30 RM, 60 RM and 120 RM), involving seated arm pulling exercise are not recommended to be included in an assessment battery, as they had unsatisfactory measurement precision (per cent typical error > 5% or ICC < 0.9). Conversely, low-repetition tests (5 RM) involving leg press and seated arm pulling exercises could be used to assess elite rowers (per cent typical error ≤ 5% and ICC ≥ 0.9); however, only 5 RM leg pressing met criteria (per cent typical error = 2.7%, ICC = 0.98) for research involving small samples (n = 20). In summary, low-repetition 5 RM strength testing offers greater utility as assessments of rowers, as they can be used to measure upper- and lower-body strength; however, only the leg press exercise is recommended for research involving small squads of elite rowers.  相似文献   

Conference communications     

Anis Chaouachi  Matt Brughelli  Gregory Levin  Nahla Ben Brahim Boudhina  John Cronin  Karim Chamari 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(2):151-174

Abstract

The objective of this study was to provide anthropometric, physiological, and performance characteristics of an elite international handball team. Twenty-one elite handball players were tested and categorized according to their playing positions (goalkeepers, backs, pivots, and wings). Testing consisted of anthropometric and physiological measures of height, body mass, percentage body fat and endurance ([Vdot]O_2max), performance measures of speed (5, 10, and 30 m), strength (bench press and squat), unilateral and bilateral horizontal jumping ability, and a 5-jump horizontal test. Significant differences were found between player positions for some anthropometric characteristics (height and percentage body fat) but not for the physiological or performance characteristics. Strong correlations were noted between single leg horizontal jumping distances with 5-, 10-, and 30-m sprint times (r = 0.51–0.80; P < 0.01). The best predictors of sprint times were single leg horizontal jumping with the dominant leg and the distance measured for the 5-jump test, which when combined accounted for 72% of the common variance associated with sprint ability. In conclusion, performance abilities between positions in elite team-handball players appear to be very similar. Single leg horizontal jumping distance could be a specific standardized test for predicting sprinting ability in elite handball players.  相似文献