Transfer and Access – The Core Elements of the German Archives Acts     

Udo Schäfer 《Archival Science》2003,3(4):367-377

The German archival law is established by the archives acts of the Federal Republic of Germany and the 16 federal states. The core elements of the German archives acts are the transfer of records from public authorities to public archives and the access to records transferred to public archives.  相似文献   

III. Weltkongreß der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Sportpsychologie     

H. Eberspächer 《Sportwissenschaft》1973,3(3):310-312

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Children exposed to obscene phone calls: what they remember and tell     

Leander L  Granhag PA  Christianson SA 《Child abuse & neglect》2005,29(8):871-888

OBJECTIVE: This case study examined children's reports from an obscene phone call (i.e., a verbal sexual abuse). We investigated which type of information the children reported, the completeness and accuracy of the children's statements, and whether there were systematic patterns in terms of memory distortions and omissions. METHOD: The completeness and the accuracy of the children's statements were examined by matching 64 children's statements given during police interviews with a detailed documentation of each phone call, made by the perpetrator during the actual phone calls. RESULTS: All children remembered the phone call per se, but they were found to omit almost all of the sexual and sensitive information (perpetrator's questions and statements) and about 70% of the neutral information given by the perpetrator. However, the children were accurate in the information they did report. CONCLUSIONS: The fact that the children did remember more of the neutral information suggests that they actually remembered the sexual information as well, but that they chose not to report it. Results indicate that children who have been sexually abused may remember more than they report in an initial interview. One possible underlying reason is that children experience shame or embarrassment.  相似文献   

Dictionary-Based Cross-Language Information Retrieval: Problems, Methods, and Research Findings   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Ari Pirkola  Turid Hedlund  Heikki Keskustalo  Kalervo Järvelin 《Information Retrieval》2001,4(3-4):209-230

This paper reviews literature on dictionary-based cross-language information retrieval (CLIR) and presents CLIR research done at the University of Tampere (UTA). The main problems associated with dictionary-based CLIR, as well as appropriate methods to deal with the problems are discussed. We will present the structured query model by Pirkola and report findings for four different language pairs concerning the effectiveness of query structuring. The architecture of our automatic query translation and construction system is presented.  相似文献   

Academic freedom at the University of Stockholm     

E. S.  Tidningarnas Telegrambyrå  Mats Knutson  Jacob Sundberg  Anki Gundhäll  Professor Lars Gustafsson  Alan Dershowitz  Svante Nycander  Bengt Johansson  Magnus Eriksson  Lotta Gustavson  Marianne Gunnarsson  Kristina Vallström  Monique Wadsted  Mary Ann Glendon  Professor Gerhard Radnitzky  Jescheck  Anders Victorin  Johan åsard  Lars Isaksson 《Minerva》1991,29(3):321-385

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National analysis: Finland     

Paavo Malinen  Vesa Lyytikäinen 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1969,15(2):154-162

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Der Agon im Mythos     

Ingomar Weiler  Eberhard Mähl  D. Kurz 《Sportwissenschaft》1975,5(1):81-85

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Evaluating the effectiveness of relevance feedback based on a user simulation model: effects of a user scenario on cumulated gain value     

Heikki Keskustalo  Kalervo Järvelin  Ari Pirkola 《Information Retrieval》2008,11(3):209-228

We propose a method for performing evaluation of relevance feedback based on simulating real users. The user simulation applies a model defining the user’s relevance threshold to accept individual documents as feedback in a graded relevance environment; user’s patience to browse the initial list of retrieved documents; and his/her effort in providing the feedback. We evaluate the result by using cumulated gain-based evaluation together with freezing all documents seen by the user in order to simulate the point of view of a user who is browsing the documents during the retrieval process. We demonstrate the method by performing a simulation in the laboratory setting and present the “branching” curve sets characteristic for the presented evaluation method. Both the average and topic-by-topic results indicate that if the freezing approach is adopted, giving feedback of mixed quality makes sense for various usage scenarios even though the modeled users prefer finding especially the most relevant documents.  相似文献   

Constraints and Challenges on Learning and Construction of Identities at Work   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kaija Collin  Susanna Paloniemi  Anne Virtanen  Anneli Eteläpelto 《Vocations and Learning》2008,1(3):191-210

This paper analyses and discusses different constraints on workplace learning, vocational development and formation of identity. We ask how the learning and development of vocational identities are related to the various learning constraints and restrictions present in the socio-cultural contexts of the workplace. The study utilizes 20 interviews of industrial designers and nursing staff in Finland. The data on the vocational students was collected with Internet questionnaires (N?=?1125) from these two fields; technology and transport, and social services and health care. The results indicated that constraints on learning and professional/vocational identity development at work were mainly social in nature among employees as well as students. Therefore, we suggest that the most necessary conditions for workers’ and students’ learning are related to the feeling of “weness” that arises from individuals’ active participation in the social community.  相似文献   

From apprentice to colleague: The metamorphosis of Early Career Researchers   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Grit Laudel  Jochen Gläser 《Higher Education》2008,55(3):387-406

While the studies of Early Career Researchers (ECRs) have contributed politically important insights into factors hindering ECRs, they have not yet achieved a theoretical understanding of the causal mechanisms that are at work in the transition from dependent to independent research. This paper positions the early career phase in a theoretical framework that combines approaches from the sociology of science and organisational sociology and emphasises the transitional process. In this framework, the early career phase is considered as containing a status passage from the apprentice to the colleague state of their career in their scientific communities. In order to capture the mechanisms underlying this transition, it is important to analyse the interactions of these careers as they unfold over time. The usefulness of this approach is demonstrated with a pilot study of Australian ECRs. We show (a) that misalignments of the three careers stretch the transition phase; (b) that the two major factors affecting the transition are a successful PhD and a research-intensive phase prior to normal academic employment; and (c) that the most important condition hindering the transition is the lack of time for research. It can be concluded that as a result of a ‘market failure’ of the university system, the transition from dependent to independent research is currently being relocated to a phase between the PhD and the first academic position.  相似文献