Patterns and costs of printed and online journal usage     

Obst O 《Health information and libraries journal》2003,20(1):22-32

This study in an academic medical sciences library setting examines the correlation of usage of a matched set of print and online titles, the validity of e-journals usage statistics and the impact of online journals on print journal usage. The print and online usage was determined for 270 journals, both versions of which were available. Print usage was determined annually since 1997 using the reshelving and the error-copies method. Online usage statistics were delivered by five publishers and corrected for redundant multiple accesses. Print journal usage decreased by 22.3 and 30.2% respectively over each of 2 years after the introduction of online journals. Journals published both in print and online lost 30.4% of their print usage within 2 years. The total loss of usage of print-only titles in the same period was somewhat higher, at 45.8%. The average correlation between online and print usage is 0.60 and 0.67 respectively. For the examined titles, users accessed the online versions ten times as often as the print version. Two clearly distinguishable groupings emerged: while with Academic Press and Elsevier, e-journal usage exceeded print usage by a factor of 3 or 4, the e-journals of Blackwell, HighWire and Springer were used on average 14.6 times as frequently as the corresponding print journals. Each usage of a print article cost 2.79-50.82 Euro, each usage of an online article 0.31-15.10 Euro, depending on the publisher. On average, the usage of an online article was 5.4 times cheaper. Within 2-3 years the usage of online journals has outstripped that of print titles by a factor of ten, but the specific spectrum of usage remains much the same as when only print journals alone existed. Print titles not available online suffer a greater decline in usage compared with print/online journals. This confirms that what is read or purchased is determined primarily by ease of access and that there is a steady tendency to reduce the multiplicity of access modes to a manageable few. The availability of journals online seems to have created a new clientele, at least in the case of the German-language Springer journals. The connection between supplier and supply is much less clear with e-journals than it is with print titles. Therefore it is very important to stress and encourage the role of the library as the supplier of this sort of information in the university environment. Collection building issues are discussed in the light of the results.  相似文献   

The sacred and the profane: Swiss attitudes to genetic engineering have deep cultural roots     

Klaffke O 《New scientist (1971)》1998,158(2137):61

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Music in the air: estimating the social return to cultural amenities     

Oliver Falck  Michael Fritsch  Stephan Heblich 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2018,42(3):365-391

If being around smart people makes us smarter and more productive, what can regions do to attract smart people? This paper considers endogenous cultural amenities as a location factor for high-skilled workers. To overcome selection in the provision of cultural amenities, we exploit variation in contemporaneous cultural amenities that is explained by the path-dependence of historical agglomerations of the cultural activities. To assess spillovers from high-skilled workers attracted by cultural amenities, we use a 1% sample drawn from the population of all West German workers under social security during the period 1975–2010. This panel of individual observations allows us to compare wages of similar individuals who work in locations with different levels of high-skilled workers who are attracted by cultural amenities. To account for non-random selection of workers among cities, we use individual-location fixed effects. Our results show that cultural amenities are an important factor in the location decision of high-skilled workers. The positive effect of the local share of high-skilled workers on unskilled, skilled and high-skilled wages indicates strong and productive spillovers.  相似文献   

打印机捅出安全漏洞     

Oliver Rist  夏勇峰 《信息系统工程》2007,(8):76-77

管理员享用着管理更加方便的网络打印机,却不知道他们通过SNMP(简单网络管理协议),有可能打开了安全的缺口。  相似文献   

Curiosities in Probability and Statistics     

Oliver Anderson 《Teaching Statistics》1992,14(1):28-29

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Science in the 19th-century zoo     

Hochadel O 《Endeavour》2005,29(1):38-42

The 19th century saw the advent of the modern zoological garden. The newly founded zoos not only claimed to educate and entertain their audiences, but also to serve science by providing direct access to exotic animals. However, reality did not live up to the promise of such rhetoric. The vast majority of biologists preferred to use dead bodies as the material for their morphological research. Nevertheless, there was still a strong interaction between the zoo and science. In the debate on Darwinism, the apes in the cage played a vital role.  相似文献   

Getting online withK-12 internet projects     

Kevin M. Oliver 《TechTrends》1997,42(6):33-40

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The British Pool of Ability: how deep,and will cash reduce it?     

Oliver Fulton  Alan Gordon 《Educational studies》1979,5(2):157-169

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Third lime Lucky     

Oliver Anderson 《Teaching Statistics》1991,13(3):94-95

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Rapporteur     

Oliver Fulton 《Higher Education Quarterly》1973,28(1):8-11

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