Beyond entities: promoting explorative search with bundles     

Ilaria Bordino  Mounia Lalmas  Yelena Mejova  Olivier Van Laere 《Information Retrieval》2016,19(5):447-486

Search engines are increasingly going beyond the pure relevance of search results to entertain users with information items that are interesting and even surprising, albeit sometimes not fully related to their search intent. In this paper, we study this serendipitous search space in the context of entity search, which has recently emerged as a powerful paradigm for building semantically rich answers. Specifically, our work proposes to enhance an explorative search system that represents a large sample of Yahoo Answers as an entity network, with a result structuring that goes beyond ranked lists, using composite entity retrieval, which requires a bundling of the results. We propose and compare six bundling methods, which exploit topical categories, entity specializations, and sentiment, and go beyond simple entity clustering. Two large-scale crowd-sourced studies show that users find a bundled organization—especially based on the topical categories of the query entity—to be better at revealing the most useful results, as well as at organizing the results, helping to discover novel and interesting information, and promoting exploration. Finally, a third study of 30 simulated search tasks reveals the bundled search experience to be less frustrating and more rewarding, with more users willing to recommend it to others.  相似文献   

Higher education students in contemporary France     

Olivier Galland IV  Marco Oberti 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(1):105-116

The number of students entering higher education started to increase significantly in the mid-1960s. This sharp growth has gone together with diversification in the social background of those attending, creation of new tracks (mainly in technology) and, more recently, a number of pedagogical innovations. Consequently, higher education students in the 1990s have little in common with those described by Pierre Bourdieu and Jean-Claude Passeron in Les héritiers, published in 1964: they are not just young bourgeois whose university career confirms ex-post the social position of his or her family. The relative democratization of access to higher education has allowed young people from other social classes to continue their studies after the baccalauréat. However, this democratization has also created new problems for higher education institutions. They must make financial, organizational and pedagogical adaptation to mass schooling. Higher education students also confront new problems in adapting to such demands of university work as autonomy and initiative. Students' living conditions have also changed: while remaining economically dependent on their parents, they enjoy, especially in the provinces, considerable freedom in the running of their personal lives.  相似文献   

How can students’ academic performance in statistics be improved? Testing the influence of social and temporal-self comparison feedback in a web-based training environment     

Marine Delaval  Nicolas Michinov  Olivier Le Bohec  Benjamin Le Hénaff 《Interactive Learning Environments》2017,25(1):35-47

The aim of this study was to examine how social or temporal-self comparison feedback, delivered in real-time in a web-based training environment, could influence the academic performance of students in a statistics examination. First-year psychology students were given the opportunity to train for a statistics examination during a semester by doing online exercises in a web-based training environment. Once connected, students received in real-time either social comparison feedback (their score was compared to the mean score of all first-year students) or temporal-self comparison feedback (their score was compared, week by week, with their own previous score). The fact that students were free to connect to the web-based training environment heightened self-regulation differences such as academic procrastination, which was considered as a moderating variable in this study. Because academic performance was measured, the students’ background in mathematics and statistics was also controlled. Irrespective of the students’ background, the results reveal a positive influence of social comparison feedback on statistics exam performance, but only among students who did not delay doing exercises in the web-based training environment. By contrast, temporal-self comparison feedback did not have any effect on performance. Some recommendations for optimizing the efficacy of web-based training environments can be proposed, taking into account both social comparison feedback and academic procrastination.  相似文献   

Effects of multicycle-run training on triathlete performance     

Hue O  Valluet A  Blonc S  Hertogh C 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2002,73(3):289-295

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of triathlon training using multiple, short cycle-run sequences (multicycle-run training) on cycle-run performance. Twelve competitive triathletes, randomized into two groups, underwent multicycle-run training or normal training for 6 weeks. During this period, baseline training remained the same for both groups, and only the high-intensity component differed. The differentiated exercises were performed at or above 100% maximal aerobic velocity. The improvements in overall cycle-run performance were similar (3.3 +/- 1.4 % and 6.1 +/- 1.7% rise in Performance in multicycle-run and normal training, respectively). However, the improvement in performance was significantly greater for the multicycle-run training (-11.2 +/- 6.8 s versus -1.2 +/- 7. 7 s for multicycle-run training and normal training, respectively) during both the cycle-run change and the first 333-m lap, which together are termed the cycle-run transition. We concluded that 6 weeks of multicycle-run training did not induce greater improvement in cycle-run performance than did normal training in competitive triathletes. However, it did induce significant improvement in the cycle-run transition. This finding indicates that multicycle-run training may help competitive triathletes to develop greater skill and better physiological adaptations during this critical transition period of the triathlon race.  相似文献   

Reliability of unipodal and bipodal counter movement jump landings in a recreational male population     

Cédric Schwartz  Bénédicte Forthomme  Julien Paulus  Jean-François Kaux  Olivier Brüls  Vincent Denoël 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(9):1143-1152

Movement patterns during landing have been suggested to be related to injury risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the inter-session reliability of kinematic variables and ground reaction forces during landing in a population of male recreational athletes after a counter movement jump. Both unipodal and bipodal landings were evaluated. Furthermore, the possibility to improve landing reliability with a verbal instruction was also studied. Twenty-four male volunteers with no history of lower extremity trauma were randomly assigned to two groups (with and without verbal landing instruction). An optoelectronic 3D system and force plates were used to measure the lower limb joint angles and the ground reaction forces during landing. Intraclass correlation values show moderate to excellent inter-session reliability for the bipodal task (ICC average: 0.80, range: 0.46–0.97) and poor to excellent reliability for the unipodal task (ICC average: >0.75, range: 0.20–0.95). However, large standard errors of measurement values at the ankle joint at impact (27.6?±?11.5°) and for the vertical ground reaction forces (394?±?1091 N) show that some variables may not be usable in practice. The verbal instruction had a negative effect on the reliability of unipodal landing but improved the reliability of bipodal landing. These findings show that the reliability of a landing task is influenced by its motor complexity as well as the instruction given to the subject.  相似文献   

A French botanist in North America     

Perru  Olivier 《Metascience》2021,30(1):127-129

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Escalation vs. non-escalation of fan violence in football? Narratives from ultra fans,police officers and security employees     

Alain Brechbühl  Annemarie Schumacher Dimech  Olivier N. Schmid  Roland Seiler 《Sport in Society》2017,20(7):861-879

Despite a large body of literature about fan violence issues, research investigating perceptions and dynamics in potentially violent situations, called critical incidents (CIs), is missing. This qualitative study examined the perceptions and dynamics of CIs involving ultra football fans. Fifty-nine semi-structured interviews with individuals (fans, police officers or security employees) involved in eight CIs were conducted and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The assessment of legitimacy of an out-group’s actions strongly influenced the perception of a CI, which is in line with the Elaborated Social Identity Model. Informative intergroup communication about the own intentions seemed to increase perception of legitimacy, while arrests of fans due to pyrotechnics were perceived by fans as illegitimate. The local fan culture, e.g. the fans’ use of pyrotechnics for their support, is relevant for the understanding of this assessment of legitimacy.  相似文献   

Transferphänomene in der Motorik     

Claudia Reiter  Christoph Duntz  Norbert Olivier 《Sportwissenschaft》2003,33(2):224-226

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Slogans and the educator     

Olivier Reboul 《Prospects》1979,9(3):296-307

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Complementarities in organizational design and the diffusion of information technologies: An empirical analysis     

Rachel Bocquet  Olivier Brossard  Mareva Sabatier 《Research Policy》2007,36(3):367-386

We use a specially designed survey on French firms located in Haute-Savoie to provide empirical evidence suggesting that Information and Communication Technologies adoption is not only influenced by the traditional factors of technology diffusion but also by complementarity effects between strategies, organization and information technologies. The data collected permitted several advances. Firstly, we could study authentic ICT while the recent literature has mainly focused on computer capital stocks or automation tools. Secondly, we constructed measures of the determinants put forward by the models of technology diffusion. Thirdly, we studied three kinds of practices: organizational and strategic practices, technological choices.  相似文献