The body donation program at the Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre: A successful experience in Brazil     

Andrea Oxley da Rocha  Diane Alícia Tormes  Natassia Lehmann  Rafael Santos Schwab  Raphael Teixeira Canto 《Anatomical sciences education》2013,6(3):199-204

The use of dissection to study human anatomy is the foundation for educational excellence among future health professionals, as it offers an ideal opportunity to learn the body's morphology in three dimensions while also providing students with a more humanistic education. The shortage of bodies for dissection, combined with the Brazilian population's lack of knowledge concerning the possibility of voluntarily donating their own bodies, led to the creation of the Body Donation Programs for Education and Research in Anatomy at the Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA). The program is based on three pillars: Informing the general public about the program, donor registration, and donation itself. Since the creation of the donor program in 2008, there has been an increase in both the number of donations made during donor's lifetime and the number of bodies received by the university. There has also been a shift in relation to the origin of these bodies, as before the creation of the program most bodies were unclaimed cadavers, while today most of the bodies are sourced from voluntary donations. The initial results regarding the public's acceptance of the possibility of making body donations have been encouraging, as shown by the annual growth in donor registrations. Consequently, the quality and quantity of the material available for educational purposes have greatly improved. Anat Sci Educ. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

A comparison of time-motion and technical–tactical variables between age groups of female judo matches     

Bianca Miarka  Rubiana Cury  Ricardo Julianetti  Rafael Battazza  Ursula Ferreira Julio  Michel Calmet 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(16):1529-1538

Abstract

The aim of the study was to verify differences between age groups of female judo matches in time-motion and technical–tactical analysis. The sample was composed of pre-cadet (13–14 years, n = 148), cadet (15–16 years, n = 228), junior (17–19 years, n = 104) and senior (>20 years, n = 237) groups. The time-motion indicators consisted of total combat time, standing combat time, displacement without contact, gripping time, total time of techniques, groundwork combat time and pause time, per match and by each combat/pause cycle. Technical and tactical variables were also collected. The one-way analysis of variance and a post hoc test were conducted, P ≤ 0.05. Cadets, with a median of 7 (2, 12), had a number of combat/pause cycles different from junior, with 3 (1, 8.5). Regarding time-motion per match and per cycle, senior had longer total combat time, standing combat time and gripping time than other groups. Senior presented lower frequency of leg techniques than pre-cadet, cadet and junior. Time-motion and technical–tactical variables effects in female judo athletes emphasise the difference between seniors and other groups.  相似文献   

Impact of early code‐skill and oral‐comprehension training on reading achievement in first grade     

Maryse Bianco  Catherine Pellenq  Eric Lambert  Pascal Bressoux  Laurent Lima  Anne‐Lise Doyen 《Journal of Research in Reading》2012,35(4):427-455

In a 3‐year longitudinal study, we examined the relationships between oral language development, early training and reading acquisition on word‐identification and reading‐comprehension tests administered to a sample of 687 French children. Hierarchical linear models showed that both phonological awareness and oral comprehension at the age of 4 years were relevant to reading acquisition 2 years later. These two broad skills explained separate parts of the variance on both outcome measures, while revealing opposite effects: phonological skills explained more variance for alphabetic reading skills and oral comprehension explained more variance for reading comprehension. We also assessed the effects of two preschool training programmes focusing on either phonological awareness or comprehension skills. The results showed that phonological awareness training had a positive effect on alphabetic scores, and comprehension training had a positive effect on reading comprehension. These results provide insight into early oral instruction and contribute to the theoretical debate about the linguistic predictors of literacy acquisition.  相似文献   

Developing and Validating a Science Notebook Rubric for Fifth-Grade Non-Mainstream Students     

Margarita Huerta  Rafael Lara-Alecio  Fuhui Tong  Beverly J. Irby 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(11):1849-1870

We present the development and validation of a science notebook rubric intended to measure the academic language and conceptual understanding of non-mainstream students, specifically fifth-grade male and female economically disadvantaged Hispanic English language learner (ELL) and African-American or Hispanic native English-speaking students. The science notebook rubric is based on two main constructs: academic language and conceptual understanding. The constructs are grounded in second-language acquisition theory and theories of writing and conceptual understanding. We established content validity and calculated reliability measures using G theory and percent agreement (for comparison) with a sample of approximately 144 unique science notebook entries and 432 data points. Results reveal sufficient reliability estimates, indicating that the instrument is promising for use in future research studies including science notebooks in classrooms with populations of economically disadvantaged Hispanic ELL and African-American or Hispanic native English-speaking students.  相似文献   

What do science teachers think about developing scientific competences through context-based teaching? A case study     

Teresa Lupión-Cobos  Rafael López-Castilla  Ángel Blanco-López 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(7):937-963

ABSTRACT

In this paper we explore the views and opinions of four secondary education science teachers regarding the teaching of scientific competences. Their views were gathered in the context of a training programme in which they had to design, implement, and assess their own teaching unit for developing students’ scientific competences by means of context-based learning. Analysis of the data yielded a set of 14 categories distributed across 5 areas: scientific competence and context-based teaching; the teacher and his/her professional environment; implementation in the classroom; development of the teaching unit; and assessment. This process also identified the aspects which teachers believed either facilitated or acted as an obstacle to the development of scientific competences through context-based teaching. We discuss the implications of our findings and suggest ways in which a shift towards a context-based approach to teaching scientific competences can best be achieved, and consider a series of factors related to teachers’ professional identity that may influence this process.  相似文献   

Obstáculos para la apropiación del contenido académico en la escuela secundaria     

Rafael Quiroz 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(55):45-58

Resumen

Este artículo describe, desde una perspectiva de investigación etnográfica, cuatro obstáculos para la apropiación de los contenidos académicos en las escuelas secundarias de México. El estudio enfoca centralmente las posibilidades sociales de apropiación de esos contenidos por parte de los estudiantes. Los cuatro obstáculos que muestra el análisis son: el nivel de significación de los contenidos, el predominio de la lógica de la actividad, el esfuerzo adaptative de los estudiantes y el énfasis en la evaluación formal.

También se analizan las relaciones de esos obstáculos con la práctica docente cotidiana a través de los elementos condicionantes de la misma: las condiciones materiales del trabajo docente y las tradiciones académicas del magisterio.  相似文献   

The relation between private speech and cognitive performance     

Mark N. Gaskill  Rafael M. Díaz 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(53):45-58

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A relevance model for a data warehouse contextualized with documents     

Juan Manuel Pérez  Rafael Berlanga  María José Aramburu 《Information processing & management》2009

This paper presents a relevance model to rank the facts of a data warehouse that are described in a set of documents retrieved with an information retrieval (IR) query. The model is based in language modeling and relevance modeling techniques. We estimate the relevance of the facts by the probability of finding their dimensions values and the query keywords in the documents that are relevant to the query. The model is the core of the so-called contextualized warehouse, which is a new kind of decision support system that combines structured data sources and document collections. The paper evaluates the relevance model with the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) TREC test subcollection and a self-constructed fact database.  相似文献   

Tracking of gross motor coordination in Portuguese children     

Rafael S. Henrique  Alcibíades V. Bustamante  Duarte L. Freitas  Go Tani  Peter T. Katzmarzyk  José A. Maia 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(2):220-228

The purpose of this study was to investigate the tracking of gross motor coordination (GMC) and to profile children at 6 years of age who consistently showed higher stability patterns in different levels of GMC. The participants were 245 children (123 boys and 122 girls) who were assessed longitudinally from 6 to 9 years of age. GMC was assessed using the Korperkoordinationtest fur Kinder (KTK) test battery. Anthropometry, physical activity, and health- and performance-related physical fitness were also measured. Cohen’s kappa (κ) was used to estimate tracking. Tracking was poor for all GMC tests (0.17 ≤ κ ≤ 0.38) and moderate for the GMC motor quotient (MQ) in both boys and girls (0.44 ≤ κ ≤ 0.45). Instability at the extremes was low in GMC tests and negligible for MQ. Children who consistently showed high GMC levels during the 4 years of follow-up were lighter, had lower body mass index and subcutaneous fat, and showed higher scores in physical fitness tests at 6 years of age than those who consistently had low GMC levels. In conclusion, GMC showed low-to-moderate tracking over time in childhood. However, children who consistently demonstrated high GMC levels over time had healthier profiles at 6 years of age.  相似文献   

Energy expenditure and EPOC between water-based high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training sessions in healthy women     

Gustavo Zaccaria Schaun  Stephanie Santana Pinto  Aline Borges de Carvalho Praia  Cristine Lima Alberton 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(18):2053-2060

The present study compared the energy expenditure (EE) during and after two water aerobics protocols, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate continuous training (CONT). A crossover randomized design was employed comprising 11 healthy young women. HIIT consisted of eight 20s bouts at 130% of the cadence associated with the maximal oxygen consumption (measured in the aquatic environment) with 10s passive rest. CONT corresponded to 30 min at a heart rate equivalent to 90–95% of the second ventilatory threshold. EE was measured during and 30 min before and after the protocols and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) was calculated. Total EE during session was higher in CONT (227.62 ± 31.69 kcal) compared to HIIT (39.91 ± 4.24 kcal), while EE per minute was greater in HIIT (9.98 ± 1.06 kcal) than in CONT (7.58 ± 1.07 kcal). Post-exercise EE (64.48 ± 3.50 vs. 63.65 ± 10.39 kcal) and EPOC (22.53 ± 4.98 vs.22.10 ± 8.00 kcal) were not different between HIIT and CONT, respectively. Additionally, oxygen uptake had already returned to baseline fifteen minutes post-exercise. These suggest that a water aerobics CONT session results in post-exercise EE and EPOC comparable to HIIT despite the latter supramaximal nature. Still, CONT results in higher total EE.  相似文献