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11.
Paul Geoffrey Taylor Kwee-Yum Lee Raul Landeo Damien Michael O'Meara Emma Millett 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(3):300-308
When characterising typical human movement profiles, the optimal number of trials analysed for each participant should ensure a stable mean. Sequential analysis is one method able to establish the number of trials to stability by assessing a moving point mean against a set bandwidth. As the total trial number determining this bandwidth is selected arbitrarily, the effect of applying different total trial numbers on the results of sequential analysis was investigated. Twenty participants performed 30 trials of overarm throwing, and sequential analyses were applied to three dimensional (3-D) kinematic data over 10, 20 and 30 trial numbers. We found a total of 20 to be the preferred trial number for sequential analyses. Erroneous results were produced consistently by 10 trial number groups, while moving point means were statistically unchanged after the 10th trial. Subsequently, sequential analyses were applied to 20 trials to establish trials to stability in discrete and time series elements of the 3-D kinematic data. The results suggest that a trial size between 13 and 17 provides stable means for overarm throwing kinematics. 相似文献
12.
Despite the benefits associated with regular physical activity, there is little epidemiological evidence to support positive health outcomes when meeting physical activity guidelines in high-risk ethnic groups, such as Hispanic women. We compared cardiovascular disease risk factors between young Hispanic women who meet and those who do not meet current physical activity guidelines. Height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured in 60 Hispanic women aged 20-39 years. Lipids, C-reactive protein, insulin, and glucose were assessed. Body composition and cardiovascular fitness were assessed by BodPod and maximal oxygen uptake (VO?(max)) respectively. Participants wore an accelerometer and average minutes (assessed in 10-min bouts) spent in light, moderate, and hard daily activity for weekdays and weekends was determined. Seventy percent of participants did not meet the recommended physical activity guidelines, whereas 30% did so. Following current physical activity guidelines was associated with significantly lower mean cholesterol (mean ± s: 4.2 ± 0.8 vs. 4.7 ± 0.9 mmol · l?1) and triglycerides (0.7 ± 0.3 vs. 1.1 ± 0.6 mmol · l?1), and higher fat-free mass (43.3 ± 3.8 vs. 40.2 ± 5.1 kg) and relative (40.4 ± 7.6 vs. 35.6 ± 7.0 ml · kg?1 · min?1) and absolute (2.5 ± 0.3 vs. 2.1 ± 0.4 litres · min?1) VO?(max) (P < 0.05). These findings suggest an improved health status in women who meet versus those who did not meet current physical activity guidelines. 相似文献
13.
Paola Giuri Myriam Mariani Gustavo Crespi Dominique Francoz Walter Garcia-Fontes Raul Gonzales Karin Hoisl Alessandra Luzzi Lionel Nesta Önder Nomaler Pari Patel Bart Verspagen 《Research Policy》2007,36(8):1107-1127
Based on a survey of the inventors of 9017 European patented inventions, this paper provides new information about the characteristics of European inventors, the sources of their knowledge, the importance of formal and informal collaborations, the motivations to invent, and the actual use and economic value of the patents. 相似文献
14.
David Barbado Ramon Gomez-Illan Pedro Moreno-Navarro Gregori Valero-Conesa Raul Reina Francisco J. Vera-Garcia 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(6):677-684
BackgroundPostural control has been associated with the functional impairment in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, there is a need for reliable methods to assess postural control in early stages of the disease, when subtle changes can be difficult to detect. The aims of this study were to assess the absolute and relative reliability of a standing and a sitting posturographic protocol in minimally (Expanded Disability Status Scale ≤ 2) and moderately (2.5 ≤ Expanded Disability Status Scale ≤ 4) impaired pwMS, and to analyze relationships among postural control and functional mobility and gait performance.MethodsTo assess postural control in an upright stance, 14 minimally and 16 moderately impaired pwMS performed six 70 s trials in tandem stance, 3 with their weaker leg behind (TSWL) and 3 with their stronger leg behind (TSSL). Additionally, participants completed five 70 s trials using an unstable sitting protocol (US) to assess trunk stability. The mean radial errors of TSWL, TSSL, and US trials were calculated as postural control indexes. Furthermore, participants performed the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and the Timed 25-foot Walk test (T25FW) to measure their functional mobility and gait speed, respectively. Reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC3,1) and the standard error of measurement (SEM). Analyses of variances were carried out to assess between-group differences. Hedges’ g index (dg) was used to estimate the effect size of differences. Pearson correlation analyses (r) were performed to examine the relationships among the postural control and the functional tests.ResultsPosturographic tests showed a high reliability in both minimally (0.87 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.92; 9.32% ≤ SEM ≤ 11.76%) and moderately (0.80 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.92; 10.33% ≤ SEM ≤ 15.33%) impaired pwMS. Similarly, T25FW and TUG displayed a high consistency in minimally (0.89 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.94; 3.43% ≤ SEM ≤ 5.17%) and moderately (0.85 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.93; 5.57% ≤ SEM ≤ 6.56%) impaired individuals. Minimally impaired pwMS showed a better performance on the TUG, T25FW, and TSWL than moderately impaired individuals (p < 0.05; dg ≥ 0.8). The TSWL, TSSL, and US variables correlated with TUG scores (0.419 ≤ r ≤ 0.604; p < 0.05), but TSWL also correlated with T25FW scores (r = 0.53; p < 0.01). Furthermore, US scores correlated with both tandem stance parameters (TSWL: r = 0.54, p < 0.01; TSSL: r = 0.43, p < 0.05).ConclusionTandem and sitting posturographic tests provide reliable measures of postural control in pwMS, even in individuals with a homogeneous disease profile. Gait speed, functional mobility, and weaker leg status seem decisive in assessing the degree of physical activity limitation in pwMS. Finally, although trunk stability does not seem to be so affected by the course of the disease, it remains relevant for postural control and functional capacity. 相似文献
15.
Raul Reyes 《海外英语》2007,(3):27
When I arrived as a freshman at Harvard 25 years ago, I was in alien territory. I had a check from my dad for $300, which was supposed to last until I found a job. One of my dorm mates, on the other hand, told me that he had $7,000 in his checking account. 相似文献
16.
This study focused on an examination of the work of 10 diversity committees operating in 10 research institutions across the midwestern region of the United States. We explored the work of these committees with a focus on the concept of strategic diversity leadership. To conduct this examination we examined five contingencies impacting the work of the committees: a clear definition of diversity, the scope of operation, the importance of committee membership, the role and responsibilities of the committee, and the permanence of the group. Based upon our findings we offer recommendations for diversity committees to contribute to institutional efforts focused on diversity. 相似文献
17.
Raul P. Garrido-Chamorro Marta González-Lorenzo Jose Sirvent-Belando Cristina Blasco-Lafarga Enrique Roche 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):241-248
Optimal exercise performance in well trained athletes can be affected by arterial oxygen saturation failure. Noninvasive detection of this phenomenon when performing a routine ergometric test can be a valuable tool for subsequent planning of the athlete's training, recovery, and nutrition. Oximetry has been used to this end. The authors studied 339 athletes performing a similar exercise trial under well controlled environmental conditions. Maximum speed, oxygen uptake, and heart rate levels were simultaneously measured. From the obtained data, six patterns were found: (a) athletes in whom oxygen saturation is constant (≥ 95%) during test execution; (b) athletes displaying a progressive desaturation with incremental exercise intensities; (c) athletes presenting a transient desaturation in the anaerobic threshold region; (d) athletes starting with a mild-to-moderate desaturation at the beginning of the test, but reaching normal saturation values at the end; (e) athletes displaying mild-to-moderate desaturation levels throughout the whole test; and (f) athletes displaying a transient desaturation in the anaerobic threshold region and a new desaturation at the end of the test. In conclusion, it is believed that establishment of desaturation patterns by validated oximetry could be a first approach to evaluate the adaptation of the cardiorespiratory system to exercise intensity, helping to improve results. 相似文献
18.
前言 ２０世纪５０年代以来，人们发现肠里葡萄糖的存在促进钠的转运（Ｒｉｋｌｉｓ＆Ｑｕａｓｔｒｅｌ，１９５８），这个里程碑式的发现引发口服补水溶液配方的产生。为满足水、碳水化合物和电解质最大限度的吸收，精确配制这些溶液的问题激起了相当多的科学研究和讨论。 口服补水溶液一直是由葡萄糖、蔗糖、果糖、多精、谷物淀粉或由这些糖混合，并添加不同种类的电解质（如钢、氯、钾、柠檬酸盐、碳酸氢盐），而配制成低渗至高渗的溶液。这些溶液在十二指肠空肠、回肠和结肠的吸收。已在兔子、鼠、狗、猫和人身上得到了测试。 大多数的… 相似文献
19.
Trevino L Contreras-Esquivel JC Rodríguez-Herrera R Aguilar CN 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(10):771-776
The influence of the physical structure of polyurethane matrix as a support in a solid state culture in tannase production
and gallic acid accumulation by Aspergillus niger Aa-20 was evaluated. Three different polyurethane matrices were used as the support: continuous, semi-discontinuous and discontinuous.
The highest tannase production at 2479.59 U/L during the first 12 h of culture was obtained using the discontinuous matrix.
The gallic acid was accumulated at 7.64 g/L at the discontinuous matrix. The results show that the discontinuous matrix of
polyurethane is better for tannase production and gallic acid accumulation in a solid state culture bioprocess than the continuous
and semi-discontinuous matrices.
Project supported by the Agricultural, Livestock and Fishing Department (SAGARPA, No. 12385) and the National Forest Commission
(CONAFOR, No. 2004-C01-13), and the Council of Science and Technology, Mexico 相似文献
20.
Andreiwid Sheffer Correa Raul Mendes de Souza Flavio Soares Correa da Silva 《Government Information Quarterly》2019,36(3):412-426
The rising number of data portals has been increasing demand for new techniques to assess data openness in an automated manner. Some methods have emerged that presuppose well-organized data catalogs, the availability of API interfaces and natively exposed metadata. However, many data portals, particularly those of local governments, appear to be misimplemented and developed with the classic website model in mind, which provides access to data only through user interaction with web forms. Data in such portals resides in the hidden part of the web, as it is dynamically produced only in response to direct requests. This paper proposes an automated method for assessing government-related data in the deep web on the basis of compliance with open data principles and requirements. To validate our method, we apply it in an experiment using the government websites of the 27 Brazilian capitals. The method is fully carried out for 22 of the capitals' websites, resulting in the analysis of 5.6 million government web pages. The results indicate that the keyword search approach utilized in the method, along with the checking of web pages for multifield web forms, is effective for identifying deep web data sources, as 1.5% of web pages with potential government data that are analyzed are found to contain data stored in the deep web. This work contributes to the development of a novel method that allows for the continuous checking and identification of government data from surface web data portals. In addition, this method can be scaled and repeated to assure the widest possible content coverage. 相似文献