The organisation and control of scientific research by the United Kingdom Government     

E. Roland Dobbs 《Higher Education》1972,1(3):345-355

The two recent reports, known as the Dainton and Rothschild Reports, on the organisation and control of the scientific research and development financed by the government of the United Kingdom are reviewed. The implications for research in the universities are discussed and some general principles for pure and applied research are suggested.

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Résumé L'article analyse le contenu des deux rapports récemment publiés et connus sous le titre de rapports Dainton et Rothschild qui sont consacrés à l'organisation et au contrôle de la recherche scientifique financée par le Gouvernement du Royaume-Uni. II soumet à la discussion les conséquences de ces études pour la recherche dans les universités et propose quelques principes généraux en matière de recherche pure et appliquée.

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University-level teaching of Anthropogenic Global Climate Change (AGCC) via student inquiry     

Drew Bush  Renee Sieber  Gale Seiler  Mark Chandler 《Studies in Science Education》2017,53(2):113-136

This paper reviews university-level efforts to improve understanding of anthropogenic global climate change (AGCC) through curricula that enable student scientific inquiry. We examined 152 refereed publications and proceedings from academic conferences and selected 26 cases of inquiry learning that overcome specific challenges to AGCC teaching. This review identifies both the strengths and weaknesses of each of these case studies. It is the first to go beyond examining the impact of specific inquiry instructional approaches to offer a synthesis of cases. We find that inquiry teaching can succeed by concretising scientific processes, providing access to global data and evidence, imparting critical and higher order thinking about AGCC science/policy and contextualising learning with places and scientific facts. We recommend educational researchers and scientists collaborate to create and refine curricula that utilise geospatial technologies, climate models and communication technologies to bring students into contact with scientists, climate data and authentic AGCC research processes. Many available science education technologies and curricula also require further research to maximise trade-offs between implementation and training costs and their educational value.  相似文献   

Gender-related differences in exposure to and use of computers: Results of a survey of secondary school students     

Maria Bannert  Paul Roland Arbinger 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1996,11(3):269-282

A number of empirical studies on the use of computers reveals gender-related differences, with women and girls showing more negative feelings toward modern computer technology. Within the scope of an evaluation study of the pilot project “CULAS” (Computer Assisted Learning in Secondary Schools in Rhineland-Palatinate) the data of over 1000 students from grades 5 to 10 were analyzed with special focus on gender-related differences. The results of this study provide information on the following aspects: frequency and duration of computer use, computer experiences, computer interests, attitudes toward computers, emotional responses while working with computers, and locus of control. On a whole the results support the assumption of gender-related differences in exposure to and use of computers. However, these findings also indicate that this assumption may not hold true in a general sense, and that future studies must examine gender-related differences with more sophisticated methods.  相似文献   

Reviews     

Anthony Corones  Deborah Dowling  Andrew G. Bonnell  Jean Lachapelle  David Oldroyd  Emma Spary  Ben Oldroyd  Keith Campbell  Ragbir Bhathal  Phil Dowe  Antonina Harbus  Cathy Legg  Brian Martin  Yvonne Luxford  Nicolas Rasmussen  Paul Redding  Tim Sprod  Roland Sypel 《Metascience》1996,5(1):167-235

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高新技术中小企业的战略优势与劣势-战略发展分析     

Roland Helm　Reinhard Meckl 《科研管理》2004,25(Z1):120-124

工业国家的中小型高科技企业有很大的创新潜力,同时对所在地区的经济发展起到了积极的作用.由于公司规模大小不一,所以很难有时间从众多的案例中找到具体的管理技巧.本文主要对创新公司的战略等问题的具体内容和方法进行调查研究.  相似文献   

English and German academics’ perspectives on metrics in higher education: evaluating dimensions of fairness and organisational justice     

Bloch  Roland  Hartl  Jakob  O&#;Connell  Catherine  O&#;Siochru  Cathal 《Higher Education》2022,83(4):765-785

Higher Education - Many contemporary analyses criticise metrics-based evaluation in the higher education context as a neoliberal technology, notwithstanding the different national contexts and...  相似文献   

Simulating the dynamics of fluid-cylinder interactions     

PANTsomg-Whay GLOWINSKIRoland JOSEPHDanielD 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2005,6(2):97-109

We present the simulation of the dynamics of fluid-cylinder interactions in a narrow three-dimensional channel filled with a Newtonian fluid, using a Lagrange multiplier based fictitious domain methodology combined with a finite element method and an operator splitting technique. As expected, a settling truncated cylinder turns its broadside perpendicular to the main stream direction and the center of mass moves to the central axis of the channel. In the case of two truncated cylinders, they first move around each other for a while and then stay together in a "T" shape. After the "T" shape has been formed for a long enough time, we found no vortex shedding behind the cylinders. When simulating the fluidization of 60 truncated cylinders, we captured the features of interactions among fluidized cylinders as observed in experiments.  相似文献   

Web &; wild     

Roland Thornburg  Kory Hill 《TechTrends》2004,48(5):76-77

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An analysis of serial pattern learning by rats     

Roland Self  E. A. Gaffan 《Learning & behavior》1983,11(1):10-18

When rats receive a sequence of rewards of different magnitudes for traversing a runway, they learn to “track” the sequence, showing anticipation of the forthcoming reward by appropriate running speed. There is disagreement as to whether this behavior depends on rats’ encoding and recalling a complete sequence of foregoing hedonic events or just the immediately preceding one. The present experiments showed that rats can remember more hedonic events than the most recent one. In Experiment 1, when exposed concurrently to the sequences 10-1-0 (pellets) and 0-1-10, they were faster on Run 3 of the increasing than of the decreasing sequence, a discrimination which cannot be made on the basis of the preceding (1-pellet) reward alone. Experiment 2 showed that this behavior reflects genuine anticipation of the Run 3 reward, not simultaneous contrast or other simple aftereffects of Runs 1 and 2. It is argued, however, that these results, together with related findings by Capaldi and Verry (1981), show merely that rats can recall a hedonic event other than the most recent one, not that a sequence of such events is fully recalled in order.  相似文献   

The Family–School Linkage in Addressing Bullying in Hong Kong: A Sociocultural Perspective     

Dian Liu  Sing-wing Dennis Wong  Erling Roland 《Chinese Education & Society》2018,51(6):462-475

Abstract

The phenomenon that around ten percent of schoolchildren are bullied regularly in Hong Kong has attracted much scholarly attention in anti-bullying research. Current literature suggests taking into consideration the contextual features and socioeconomic factors in anti-bullying research, instead of applying identical intervention/prevention measures across cultures. Therefore, this article examines the role of school-family linkage as a mirror of the wide social-culture context, and analyzes the functions of such linkage in anti-bullying practice in Hong Kong. This study was conducted following a film approach in 2015. That is, a group of middle school teachers in Hong Kong were invited to watch small films showing typical bullying and anti-bullying episodes, followed by semi-structured interviews. The article demonstrates a list of good practices representing the functioning of a positive family-school linkage in bullying addressing. However, parental involvement does not always facilitate and can hinder bullying addressing on campuses. This study implies that efficient bullying addressing aligns with parental involvement in the intervention process, suggesting more parental involvement and more collaboration between family and school in anti-bullying. It also raises an urgent question in regards to balancing the various opinions between parents and teachers in child-raising and bullying addressing. This article suggests further and more investigations examining anti-bullying from a socioeconomic perspective.  相似文献